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Crustal Rock Fracture Mechanics for Design and Control of Artificial Subsurface Cracks in Geothermal Energy Extraction Engineering ({Gamma}-Project)
Recently a significant role of artificial and/or natural cracks in the geothermal reservoir has been demonstrated in the literatures (Abe, H., et al., 1983, Nielson, D.L. and Hullen, J.B., 1983), where the cracks behave as fluid paths and/or heat exchanging surfaces. Until now, however, there are several problems such as a design procedure of hydraulic fracturing, and a quantitative estimate of fluid and heat transfer for reservoir design. In order to develop a design methodology of geothermal reservoir cracks, a special distinguished research project, named as ''{Lambda}-Project'', started at Tohoku University (5 years project, 1983-1988). In this project a basic fracture mechanics model of geothermal reservoir cracks is being demonstrated and its validation is being discussed both theoretically and experimentally. This paper descibes an outline of ''{Lambda}-Project''.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Abe, Hiroyuki & Takahashi, Hideaki
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Daily Texan (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 83, No. 10, September 15, 1983
Student newspaper from the University of Texas at Austin that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising. Published Monday-Friday except during holidays and exams.
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
Campbell, Roger
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Daily Texan Centennial, September 15, 1983
Supplement to a student newspaper from the University of Texas at Austin, the Daily Texan, September 15, 1983.
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
Campbell, Roger
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deploymerization of coal by direct solvent attack. Semi-annual report, April 1, 1983-August 31, 1983
The depolymerization of Illinois No. 6 coal by a series of solvents having different basecities (pK/sub a/) and nucleophilicities (Swain-Scott nu values) showed no dependence on either the basicity of nucleophilicity of the solvents. As expected, the conversion decreases as the temperature of the reaction is reduced, but the lower the reaction temperature, the higher the percentage of amine incorporation becomes in the products. 5 tables.
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
Larsen, J. W. & Mohammadi, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Desert Peak: A Geothermal Field in Churchill County, Nevada
The 400{degree}F liquid dominated Desert Peak geothermal reservoir produces from fractures associated with intersecting north-northeast and east-northeast trending normal faults. Fractures occur in intrusive basement rocks, pre-Tertiary metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks, and Tertiary volcanic rocks. Static temperature surveys from six deep wells indicate that the reservoir has both recharge and discharge in the vicinity of wells B21-1 and 86-21. Interference data, from a 30-day flow test of 86-21 show high reservoir connectivity. the calculated transmissivity is an order of magnitude higher in a north-south direction than in an east-west direction. A reservoir thickness on the order of thousands of feet and disturbed reserves in excess of 7 billion barrels are estimated. A conceptual model of the Desert Peak system contains meteric water derived from the Carson and Fernley Sinks. Heated at depth, water rises up along normal faults into highly fractured rocks between the depths of 3000 and 9000 feet, forming a geothermal reservoir. the thermal water naturally rises or leaks out of the reservoir up normal faults to within a few hundred feet of the surface until it has reached hydrostatic equilibrium or is blocked by discontinuous impermeable lacustrine sedimentary rocks. In the latter case it spreads out laterally …
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Goyal, K.P.; Benoit, W.R.; Maas, J.P. & Rosser, J.R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design and Development of a Test Facility to Study Two-Phase Steam/Water Flow in Porous Media
The concept of relative permeability is the key concept in extending Darcy's law for single phase flow through porous media to the two-phase flow regime. Relative permeability functions are needed for simulation studies of two-phase geothermal reservoirs. These are poorly known inspite of considerable theoretical and experimental investigations during the last decade. Since no conclusive results exist, many investigators use ad hoc parametrization, or adopt results obtined from flow of oil and gas (Corey, 1954). It has been shown by Reda and Eaton (1980) that this can lead to serious deficiencies. Sensitivity of the relative permeability curves for prediction of mass flow rate and flowing enthalpy into geothermal wells has been studied by many investigators (e.g. Eaton and Reda (1980), Bodvarsson et al (1980), Sun and Ershagi (1979) etc.). It can be concluded from these studies that the beehavior of a two-phase steam/water reservoir depends greatly on the relative permeability curves used. Hence, there exists a need for obtaining reliable relative permeability functions.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Verma, Ashok K.; Pruess, Karsten; Bodvarsson, G. S.; Tsang, C. F. & Witherspoon, Paul A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Detroit News (Detroit, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 15, 1983
Weekly newspaper from Detroit, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Watson, Gavin, Jr.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Development and Use of a High Temperature Downhole Flowmeter for Geothermal Well Logging
This paper discusses the development and use of a high temperature (300{degrees}C) downhole flowmeter for geothermal well logging. The availability of the instrument gives the reservoir engineer a powerful tool for formation evaluation and studying wellbore dynamics. The instrument components, their function, and temperature limitations are discussed in detail. Several field examples of spinner log interpretation are also presented.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Solbau, R.D.; Goranson, C.B. & Benson, S.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Disposal of Flashed Brine Dosed with CaCO{sub3} Scale Inhibitor: What Happens When the Inhibitor is Exhausted?
A freshly flashed geothermal liquid, previously dosed with inhibitor and super-saturated with calcite was injected into another well where it displaced an unflashed counterpart of itself around the wellbore. Back-production of the injectate, and subsequently the native fluid, has yielded data for the rate that a scale inhibitor is degraded after injection. The circumstance also displays a novel mechanism whereby two fluids that do not physically mix never the less reactive with one another through the reservoir rock's serving a role of intermediary. The results have been further interpretated to conclude that in some circumstances a short lifetime for the scale inhibitor is not necessarily a problem for long-term injection.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Michels, D. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DOE's Current Geothermal Reservoir Programs and Comments on International Cooperation in Hydrothermal Research
DOE's geothermal program continues to emphasize a range of reservoir-related programs in reservoir definition, brine injection, stimulation, hot dry rock, geopressured resources and, now, magma resources. These programs are described briefly. Programs in international cooperation between the U.S. and 23 other countries on hydrothermal research have produced important gains in knowledge over the past ten years. Although the activity has diminished, a resurgence is anticipated.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Toms, Ronald S. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Doublet Tracer Testing in Klamath Falls, Oregon
A tracer test was carried out in a geothermal doublet system to study the injection behavior of a developed reservoir known to be fractured. The doublet produces about 320 gpm of 160 F water that is used for space heating and then injected; the wells are spaced 250 ft apart. Tracer breakthrough was observed in 2 hours and 45 minutes in the production well, indicating fracture flow. However, the tracer concentrations were low and indicated porous media flow; the tracers mixed with a reservoir volume much larger than a fracture.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Gudmundsson, J.S.; Johnson, S.E.; Horne, R.N.; Jackson, P.B. & Culver, G.G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Dublin Progress (Dublin, Tex.), Vol. 96, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 15, 1983
Weekly newspaper from Dublin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
Grimes, Bill
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Dublin Progress (Dublin, Tex.), Vol. 96, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 15, 1983
Weekly newspaper from Dublin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Effect of Scaling on Downhole Pressure Transient Data
Test data from several wells where scale either formed in the wellbore or in the reservoir have been observed. Some generalizations can be made about the behavior of downhole and wellhead pressure during drawdown and build-up. In addition, estimates of the size of the obstruction can be made in the field. Reservoir parameters can be calculated from pressure build-ups, after the problem of downhole scaling has been identified.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Petty, Susan
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Natural Recharge on Gas Composition in the Larderello - Castelnuovo Area
A study of the temporal behaviour of gas compsition in the Larderello-Castelnuovo area shows that this behaviour varies, depending on whether the wells are affected or not by natural recharge. Where no natural recharge exists, gas composition seems to be governed by chemical equilibria. The recharge water, and the steam it produces, mix with the fluid already existing in the reservoir. At Larderello (far from absorption areas) the gas composition resulting from this mixing does not undergo further changes by chemical reaction. This is due either to a lack of reactivity where there is no liquid phase or to an ineffective fluid-rock interaction. At Castelnuovo (close to absorption areas) the H{sub 2}S and CH{sub 4} contents in the gas have gradually decreased with the increase in recharge effects. The decrease in H{sub 2}S can be attributed to dissolution in liquid water and oxidation. Various hypotheses have been forwarded for the methane. The correlation existing between CH{sub 4} and N{sub 2} concentrations, even when methane decreases in the areas affected by recharge, suggests that CH{sub 4} may be governed by more than just the Fisher-Tropsch reaction.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
D'Amore, Franco; Celati, Romano; Calore, Claudio & Bertrami, Rino
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of voltage control in utility interactive dispersed storage and generation systems
When a small generator is connected to the distribution system, the voltage at the point of interconnection is determined largely by the system and not the generator. This report examines the effect on the generator, on the load voltage and on the distribution system of a number of different voltage control strategies in the generator. Synchronous generators with three kinds of exciter control are considered, as well as induction generators and dc/ac inverters, with and without capacitor compensation. The effect of varying input power during operation (which may be experienced by generators based on renewable resources) is explored, as well as the effect of connecting and disconnecting the generator at ten percent of its rated power.
Date:
March 15, 1983
Creator:
Kirkham, H. & Das, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electra Star-News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 77, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 15, 1983
Weekly newspaper from Electra, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
Thompson, Joe A.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Electra Star-News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 77, No. 18, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 15, 1983
Weekly newspaper from Electra, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Thompson, Joe A.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Energy and The 98th Congress: Overview
This report is about perceptions of national energy problem
Date:
June 15, 1983
Creator:
Bamberger, Robert & Behrens, Carl
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental, health, and safety assessment of photovoltaics
Potential enviornmental, health, and safety (E,H and S) concerns associated with all phases of the photovoltaic (PV) energy system life cycle are identified and assessed. E,H and S concerns affecting the achievement of National PV Program goals or the viability of specific PV technologies are emphasized. The report is limited to near-term manufacturing process alternatives for crystalline silicon PV materials, addresses flat-plate and concentrator collector designs, and reviews system deployment in grid-connected, roof-mounted, residential and ground-mounted central-station applications. The PV life-cycle phases examined include silicon refinement and manufacture of PV collectors, system deployment, and decommissioning. The primary E,H and S concerns that arise during collector fabrication are associated with occupational exposure to materials of undetermined toxicity or to materials that are known to be hazardous, but for which process control technology may be inadequate. Stricter exposure standards are anticipated for some materials and may indicate a need for further control technology development. Minimizing electric shock hazards is a significant concern during system construction, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning.
Date:
October 15, 1983
Creator:
Rose, Elizabeth C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluating Geothermal Reserves with Application of Well Interference and Pressure Buildup Tests
In order to evaluate geothermal reserves, it is necessary to estimate the porosity-thickness product of the reservoir. This paper deals with the method for estimating the porosity-thickness product of geothermal reservoirs by means of combining well interference and pressure buildup tests. A field study from the Chingshui geothermal area in Taiwan is given to illustrate the application of the method.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Chiu, T. L.; Chiang, C. Y. & Wu, T. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Exploration, Drilling and Development Operations in the Bottle Rock Area of the Geysers Steam Field, With New Geologic Insights and Models Defining Reservoir Parameters
MCR Geothermal Corporation pioneered successful exploratiory drilling the Bottle Rock area of the Geysers Steam Field in 1976. The wellfield is characterized by a deep reservoir with varied flowrates, temperatures, pressures, and stem chemistries being quite acceptable. More detailed reservoir engineering tests will follow as production commences.
Date:
December 15, 1983
Creator:
Hebein, Jeffrey J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Ezekial & Mary Miller House]
Photograph of the Ezekial & Mary Miller House (located at 304 Hawthorne) in Houston, Texas.
Date:
February 15, 1983
Creator:
Texas Historical Commission
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Fort Hood Sentinel (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 42, No. 19, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 15, 1983
Weekly newspaper from Temple, Texas, published for the military and civilian personnel of Fort Hood, that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History