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Is the two-term expansion valid for highly anisotropic systems. The Townsend ionization coefficient in strong runaway as a test case (open access)

Is the two-term expansion valid for highly anisotropic systems. The Townsend ionization coefficient in strong runaway as a test case

The Townsend ionization coefficient in the strong runaway regime is calculated within the framework of the two-term expansion. Results are compared to the 1-D model. General features of the two models are qualitatively similar, but quantitative differences by factors of approx. 2 are observed.
Date: July 15, 1982
Creator: Yu, S. S. & Melendez, R. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Introduction to nuclear test engineering (open access)

Introduction to nuclear test engineering

The basic information in this report is from a vu-graph presentation prepared to acquaint new or prospective employees with the Nuclear Test Engineering Division (NTED). Additional information has been added here to enhance a reader's understanding when reviewing the material after hearing the presentation, or in lieu of attending a presentation.
Date: July 15, 1982
Creator: O'Neal, W.C. & Paquette, D.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
RMDF leach-field decontamination. Final report (open access)

RMDF leach-field decontamination. Final report

The objective of the decontamination effort was to place the Radioactive Materials Disposal Facility (RMDF) leach field in a condition suitable for release for unrestricted use. Radioactively contaminated soil was excavated from the leach field to produce a condition of contamination as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). The contaminated soil was boxed and shipped to an NRC-licensed burial site at Beatty, Nevada, and to the DOE burial site at Hanford, Washington. The soil excavation project successfully reduced the contamination level in the leach field to background levels, except for less than 0.6 mCi of Sr-90 and trace amounts of Cs-137 that are isolated in cracks in the bedrock. The cracks are greater than 10 ft below the surface and have been sealed with a bituminous asphalt mastic. A pathways analysis for radiation exposure to humans from the remaining radionuclides was performed, assuming intensive home gardening, and the results show that the total first year whole body dose equivalent would be about 0.1 mrem/year. This dose equivalent is a projection for the hypothetical ingestion of vegetables grown on the site. Assuming that an average adult consumes 64 kg of green leafy vegetables per year and that the entire yearly supply could …
Date: September 15, 1982
Creator: Carroll, J W; Marzec, J M & Stelle, A M
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mechanisms affecting mass transfer in fuel cells (open access)

Mechanisms affecting mass transfer in fuel cells

An initial analysis of particulate effects on molten carbonate fuel cells has been conducted. The analysis has been applied to a conceptual fuel cell with operating parameters appropriate to use with future power generation plants. Particle transport due to several mechanisms has been considered and dominant mechanisms affecting particle delivery to anode channel surfaces and into anode pores have been identified. Thermophoresis and gas flow out from anode pores have been found to inhibit particle arrival on the anode and entry into pores so that neither anode channel blockage nor pore blockage are expected for particles with diameters smaller than about one micron. The analytical approach developed could be applied to other fuel cell types in addition to the molten carbonate fuel cells.
Date: March 15, 1982
Creator: Wenglarz, R.A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of model reference adaptive control theory for electric power plant control applications (open access)

Development of model reference adaptive control theory for electric power plant control applications

The scope of this effort includes the theoretical development of a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) Model Reference Control (MRC) algorithm, (i.e., model following control law), Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) algorithm and the formulation of a nonlinear model of a typical electric power plant. Previous single-input, single-output MRAC algorithm designs have been generalized to MIMO MRAC designs using the MIMO MRC algorithm. This MRC algorithm, which has been developed using Command Generator Tracker methodologies, represents the steady state behavior (in the adaptive sense) of the MRAC algorithm. The MRC algorithm is a fundamental component in the MRAC design and stability analysis. An enhanced MRC algorithm, which has been developed for systems with more controls than regulated outputs, alleviates the MRC stability constraint of stable plant transmission zeroes. The nonlinear power plant model is based on the Cromby model with the addition of a governor valve management algorithm, turbine dynamics and turbine interactions with extraction flows. An application of the MRC algorithm to a linearization of this model demonstrates its applicability to power plant systems. In particular, the generated power changes at 7% per minute while throttle pressure and temperature, reheat temperature and drum level are held constant with a reasonable level …
Date: September 15, 1982
Creator: Mabius, L.E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development program to support industrial coal gasification. Quarterly report 1 (open access)

Development program to support industrial coal gasification. Quarterly report 1

The Development Program to Support Industrial Coal Gasification is on schedule. The efforts have centered on collecting background information and data, planning, and getting the experimental program underway. The three principal objectives in Task I-A were accomplished. The technical literature was reviewed, the coals and binders to be employed were selected, and tests and testing equipment to be used in evaluating agglomerates were developed. The entire Erie Mining facility design was reviewed and a large portion of the fluidized-bed coal gasification plant design was completed. Much of the work in Task I will be experimental. Wafer-briquette and roll-briquette screening tests will be performed. In Task II, work on the fluidized-bed gasification plant design will be completed and work on a plant design involving entrained-flow gasifiers will be initiated.
Date: January 15, 1982
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Incorporation of high-level wastes in SYNROC: results from recent process-engineering studies at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (open access)

Incorporation of high-level wastes in SYNROC: results from recent process-engineering studies at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

In this paper, highlights from recent engineering research and development, in particular, results from fluidized bed calcination studies of SYNROC slurry are summarized. A schematic diagram of the envisioned SYNROC process (at this stage of development) is also presented. It shows the use of a fluidized bed calciner to prepare SYNROC powder that is then fed to a storage hopper. Bellows-type canisters are filled, evacuated, sealed and preheated. The preheated canisters are loaded into a hot isotactic pressing unit where they are densified, then removed and cooled and finally loaded into a waste storage container. After sealing, this container is decontaminated and transferred to the interim storage facility and then, ultimately, to an underground repository.
Date: April 15, 1982
Creator: Campbell, J. H.; Hoenig, C. L.; Ackerman, F. J.; Peters, P. E. & Grens, J. Z.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Immobilization of high-level defense wastes in SYNROC-D: recent research and development results on process scale-up (open access)

Immobilization of high-level defense wastes in SYNROC-D: recent research and development results on process scale-up

SYNROC is a titanate-based ceramic waste form being developed to immobilize high-level nuclear reactor wastes. SYNROC-D is a unique variation of SYNROC designed to contain high-level defense wastes, particularly those in storage at the Savannah River Plant (SRP). We review recent research and development on SYNROC-D processing options and report on work in progress on various unit operations. The overall immobilization process can be divided into three general parts: (1) slurry preparation (formulation, reactant addition and blending); (2) powder processing (spray drying, calcination/redox control); and (3) mineralization (densification). Powder processing research is directed toward development of a slurry-fed, fluidized-bed calciner based on the ICPP design. Densification research is focused on use of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) or hot uniaxial pressing (HUP). The successful use of both have been demonstrated.
Date: March 15, 1982
Creator: Campbell, J. H.; Rozsa, R. B. & Hoenig, C. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Application of Monte Carlo codes to neutron dosimetry (open access)

Application of Monte Carlo codes to neutron dosimetry

In neutron dosimetry, calculations enable one to predict the response of a proposed dosimeter before effort is expended to design and fabricate the neutron instrument or dosimeter. The nature of these calculations requires the use of computer programs that implement mathematical models representing the transport of radiation through attenuating media. Numerical, and in some cases analytical, solutions of these models can be obtained by one of several calculational techniques. All of these techniques are either approximate solutions to the well-known Boltzmann equation or are based on kernels obtained from solutions to the equation. The Boltzmann equation is a precise mathematical description of neutron behavior in terms of position, energy, direction, and time. The solution of the transport equation represents the average value of the particle flux density. Integral forms of the transport equation are generally regarded as the formal basis for the Monte Carlo method, the results of which can in principle be made to approach the exact solution. This paper focuses on the Monte Carlo technique.
Date: June 15, 1982
Creator: Prevo, C.T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of deposition for power-plant molten-carbonate fuel cells (open access)

Assessment of deposition for power-plant molten-carbonate fuel cells

Particulate deposition in molten carbonate fuel cell anodes is addressed for operation with future coal gasification power plants. Power plant systems factors affecting deposition are explored such as gas cleanup requirements for particulate removal and gasifier product gas composition differences for various gasifier types and operational modes (air blown versus oxygen blown). Effects of fuel cell characteristics (including average cell current density and fuel utilization) on anode deposition are also quantified. Particulate effects on molten carbonate fuel cell anode performance may not be as detrimental as perhaps perceived in the past. Gas cleanup to remove virtually all particles larger than one micron in diameter is expected to prevent or at least greatly reduce anode deposition. However, cathode deposition in molten carbonate fuel cells should be evaluated in the future since cathodes are likely more prone to deposition than anodes even though cathode channel particle concentrations are much lower.
Date: March 15, 1982
Creator: Wenglarz, R. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wisconsin collector-efficiency study, phase two (open access)

Wisconsin collector-efficiency study, phase two

The collector efficiency study developed a solar collector rating methodology specific to Wisconsin conditions. Existing rating programs were researched and a collector methodology was developed. A computer program was written to calculate the collector ratings and 25 collector models were rated. The accuracy of the proposed rating methodology was evaluated for 16 collectors placed in 11 domestic hot water systems. One liquid space heating analysis with storage and one air space heating analysis without storage were completed. A solar assisted heat pump in which the solar collectors function as evaporators was also analyzed.
Date: January 15, 1982
Creator: Abright, B.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Synthetic fuel aromaticity and staged combustion (open access)

Synthetic fuel aromaticity and staged combustion

Samples of middle and heavy SRC-II distillates were distilled into 50 C boiling point range fractions. These were characterized by measurements of their molecular weight, elemental analysis and basic nitrogen content and calculation of average molecular structures. The structures typically consisted of 1 to 3 aromatic rings fused to alicyclic rings with short, 1 to 3 carbon aliphatic side chains. The lower boiling fractions contained significant amounts (1 atom/molecule) of oxygen while the heavier fractions contained so few heteroatoms that they were essentially hydrocarbons. Laboratory scale oxidative-pyrolysis experiments were carried out at pyrolysis temperatures of 500 to 1100 C and oxygen concentrations from 0 to 100 percent of stoichiometry. Analysis of liquid products, collected in condensers cooled with liquid nitrogen showed that aromatization is a major reaction in the absence of oxygen. The oxygen-containing materials (phenolics) seem to be more resistant to thermal pyrolysis than unsubstituted aromatics. Nitrogen converts from basic to nonbasic forms at about 500 C. The nonbasic nitrogen is more stable and survives up to 700 C after which it is slowly removed. A recently constructed 50,000 Btu/hr staged combustor was used to study the chemistry of the nitrogen and aromatics. SRC II combustion was studied under …
Date: November 15, 1982
Creator: Longanbach, J. R.; Chan, L. K. & Levy, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Health and safety evaluation of a modified tunnel-borer design for application to single-entry coal-mine development (open access)

Health and safety evaluation of a modified tunnel-borer design for application to single-entry coal-mine development

The health and safety analysis is part of an overall effort to identify and develop innovative underground coal extraction systems. The single-entry tunnel borer system was initially considered an innovative approach to underground mining because it exhibited a means of increasing the speed and efficiency of entry development by reducing the number of entries. However, to be considered a truly advanced system, the tunnel borer had to meet distinct safety criteria as well. The objective was to examine the tunnel borer design and determine whether it offset major health hazards, and satisfied the prescribed safety levels. As a baseline for comparison, the tunnel borer was compared against the continuous mining entry driving system. The results of the health analysis indicated that while the tunnel borer design offered improvements in dust control through the use of water sprays, a higher face ventilation rate, and the application of spalling rather than the conventional grinding process, it interjected an additional mutagenic is and toxic compound into the environment through the use of shotcrete. The tunnel borer system easily conformed with the prescribed fatality limit, but exceeded the required limits for disabling and overall injuries. It also exhibited projected disabling and overall injury rates …
Date: February 15, 1982
Creator: Zimmerman, W. F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Lasers in chemical processing (open access)

Lasers in chemical processing

The high cost of laser energy is the crucial issue in any potential laser-processing application. It is expensive relative to other forms of energy and to most bulk chemicals. We show those factors that have previously frustrated attempts to find commercially viable laser-induced processes for the production of materials. Having identified the general criteria to be satisfied by an economically successful laser process and shown how these imply the laser-system requirements, we present a status report on the uranium laser isotope separation (LIS) program at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL).
Date: April 15, 1982
Creator: Davis, J.I.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual technical report: fiscal year 1981 (open access)

Annual technical report: fiscal year 1981

The activities of the JPL Solar Thermal Power Systems Parabolic Dish Project are summarized for FY 1981. Included are discussions on subsystem designs of concentrators, receivers, engines, power converters, and thermal transport. Analyses and test results are also included along with progress on field tests, Small Community System development and the Parabolic Dish Test Site.
Date: March 15, 1982
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Theory and tests of two-phase turbines (open access)

Theory and tests of two-phase turbines

Two-phase turbines open the possibility of new types of power cycles operating with extremely wet mixtures of steam and water, organic fluids, or immiscible liquids and gases. Possible applications are geothermal power, waste-heat recovery, refrigerant expansion, solar conversion, transportation turbine engines, and engine bottoming cycles. A theoretical model for two-phase impulse turbines was developed. Apparatus was constructed for testing one- and two-stage turbines (using speed decrease from stage to stage). Turbines were tested with water-and-nitrogen mixtures and Refrigerant 22. Nozzle efficiencies were 0.78 (measured) and 0.72 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures at a water/nitrogen mixture ratio of 68, by mass; and 0.89 (measured) and 0.84 (theoretical) for Refrigerant 22 expanding from 0.02 quality to 0.28 quality. Blade efficiencies (shaft power before windage and bearing loss divided by nozzle jet power) were 0.63 (measured) and 0.71 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures and 0.62 (measured) and 0.63 (theoretical) for Refrigerant 22 with a single-stage turbine, and 0.70 (measured) and 0.85 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures with a two-stage turbine.
Date: March 15, 1982
Creator: Elliot, D.G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Photograph 2012.201.B0119.0315]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Former Oklahoma State Sprinter James Butler has been ranked No. 1 in the world fir 1982 in the 200-meter dash by the authoritative Track & Field News."
Date: May 15, 1982
Creator: Hoke, Doug
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0140.0612]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "A display of data communications products by Racal-Milgo of Miami, Fl., was among more than 70 types of electronic equipment exhibited recently at the Southwest Computer Conference at the Myriad Convention Center."
Date: April 15, 1982
Creator: Hoke, Doug
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0139.0634]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Al Collier dons one of several wigs that make his clown costume collection more interesting."
Date: January 15, 1982
Creator: Wilson, George R.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0148.0495]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Richard Crisp, ABC Director"
Date: March 15, 1982
Creator: Albright, Bob
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0154.0331]

Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "G.W. Davis meets another Trucker. The public seems to relate to the officer horseback."
Date: August 15, 1982
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0151.0564]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "ART STUDY - Mrs. Jack Dahlgren , Oklahoma Art Center Association board member, and Lowell Adams .."
Date: June 15, 1982
Creator: Wilson, George R.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0154.0326]

Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Rep, Frank Davis, of Guthrie, and his secretary Lois Meiers study the artwork of Gloria Webb."
Date: January 15, 1982
Creator: Beckel, Jim
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0170.0027]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "John Dunning of Oklahoma City prepares a display in the Carnegie Library at Guthrie in preparation for today's statehood activities."
Date: November 15, 1982
Creator: Beckel, Jim
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History