A program of education in air infiltration and weatherization is presented. Materials use and drawings of an air leak detector are included. Advertising materials used are also included. (MHR)

New prototype electrofibrous filters were designed, built and evaluated in laboratory tests and in field installations. Two prototypes were designed for use in nuclear ventilation ducts as prefilters to HEPA filters. One prototype is designed to be a permanent component of the ventilation system while the other is a disposable unit. The disposable electrofibrous prefilter was installed in the exhaust stream of a glove box in which barrels of uranium turnings are burned. Preliminary tests show the disposal prefilter is effectively prolonging the HEPA filter life. An earlier prototype of the rolling prefilter was upgraded to meet the increased requirements for installation in a nuclear facility. This upgraded prototype was evaluated in the fire test facility at LLNL and shown to be effective in protecting HEPA filters from plugging under the most severe smoke conditions. The last prototype described in this report is a recirculating air filter. After demonstrating a high performance in laboratory tests the unit was shipped to Savannah River where it is awaiting installation in a Pu fuel fabrication facility. An analysis of the particulate problem in Savannah River indicates that four recirculating air filter will save $172,000 per year in maintenance costs.

An inexpensive, relatively quick calibration technique, used to calibrate moisture measuring instruments in Rocky Flats process lines is described. The moisture monitors utilize electrolytic cells to continuously monitor the moisture content of argon supply gases. The new method decreases the required down time of the measuring instrument from days to hours.

This quarterly report summarizes work on the following tasks as of September 30, 1982: (1) OTEC pilot plant conceptual design review; (2) OTEC methanol; (3) financial and legal considerations in OTEC implementation; (4) GEOTEC resource exploration at Adak, Alaska, and Lualualei, Hawaii; (5) preliminary GEOTEC plant cost estimates; and (6) supervision of testing of pneumatic wave energy conversion system.

Progress in two areas important to attaining the goals of this research program are briefly reviewed: (a) characterization of the major product-forming intermediate in the reactions of recoiling silicon atoms; (b) time-resolved laser flash spectroscopic studies of the generation and reactions of silicon radicals. 1 figure.

This is an early survey and analysis of the types and quantities of solid toxic wastes to be expected from geothermal power systems, particularly at the Salton Sea, California. It includes a literature search (48 references/citations), descriptions of methods for handling wastes, and useful quantitative values. It also includes consideration of reclaiming metals and mineral byproducts from geothermal power systems. (DJE 2005)

The detonation of the first atomic bomb heralded the beginning of a new age. Almost everyone agreed that the enormous energy released by the "atomic reaction" would create opportunities and problems far larger than man faced in previous history. However, few foresaw the explosion of knowledge that would also be part of this new age.

A radial inflow turbine (RIT) B rotor, including the impeller and shaft, was examined experimentally to determine vibratory characteristics. It was concluded that there are no specific speeds within the operating range with adequate resonance encroachment margins. It is recommended that performance tests be carried out with caution.

Activation energies were determined for decomposition of Fomblin HVAC 18/8 and Krytox 143AY oils (two perfluorinated polyethers) (respectively 60.6 kcal/mole and 55.6 kcal/mole) in the temperature range of 325/sup 0/ to 405/sup 0/C in a monel vessel. At any temperature in this range, Fomblin decomposes 30 +- 10 times faster than Krytox. The estimated decomposition in 10 years at 250/sup 0/C is 0.14% for Fomblin and 0.009% for Krytox. Effects of 304 ss and aluminum were determined. Although differences in the fluorine NMR spectrum of different batches of Krytox are observed, there are no significant changes detected between aged and unaged oils of the same batch. HF does not react with Krytox at 405/sup 0/C. Krytox can be chromatographed in spite of its high average molecular weight (3600 amu). GCMS showed that each smaller peak contained C/sub 2/F/sub 4/H-groups while the larger peaks contained only C/sub 2/F/sub 5/-groups. Hydrogen NMR on Krytox showed the C/sub 2/F/sub 4/H- to be CF/sub 3/CHF-groups. Chromatography of Fomblin gave a single broad envelope without resolved peaks.

This paper develops mathematical techniques required for the study of neutron-induced activation of importance to fission and fusion devices - reactors, nuclear weapons, etc. The formalism is presented as a guide for examining the dependence of activation products on flux time history, spatial gradients and the sensitivity to the assumed reactions and cross sections. Exact solutions in powers of the neutron fluence are presented and examined in various limits. As an example, radiochemical threshold (n,2n) detectors used to diagnose thermonuclear explosions are studied using approximations to these solutions. In particular, approximate formulas for the sensitivity of the radiochemical products to different cross sections are derived.

Stacking, compression, and welding of the laminations for the TeV I Small Aperture Quad results in a deformation due to springback which is unacceptable due to magnetic field requirements. ANSYS has been used to analyze a solution to this problem.

This report summarizes initial results from TMX-U carried out from June through August 1982. In these successful experiments we operated TMX-U in the sloshing-ion mode. We generated sloshing ions, measured improved energy confinement, and observed improved microstability compared to TMX. The experiments operated about as we expected and we are pleased with the results. During this period many additional achievements were also recorded. The magnetically confined sloshing ions constitute one of the two ingredients needed to build a thermal barrier. The second ingredient consists of magnetically confined electrons, which will be studied in the next series of TMX-U experiments using microwave heating of the electrons. Later, the hot ions and electrons will be combined to form thermal barriers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of aggregate national residential electricity demand coefficients over time. The hypothesis is maintained that the aggregate residential demand is the sum of various end-use demand components. Since the end-use composition changes over time, the demand relationship may change as well. Since the end-use composition differs among regions, the results obtained from this study can be used for making inferences about regional differences in electricity demand relationships. There are two additional sources for a possible structural change. One is that consumers may react differently to declining and rising prices, secondly, the impact of the 1973 oil embargo may have shifted demand preferences. The electricity demand model used for this study is presented. A moving regression method was employed to investigate changes in residential electricity demand over time. The statistical results show a strikingly consistent pattern of change for most of the structural variables. The most important finding of this study is that the estimated structure of residential electricity demand changes systematically over time as a result of changes in the characteristics (both durability and saturation level) of the stock of appliances. Furthermore, there is not strong evidence that the structural changes …

Three ships were examined, the ED RYERSON, the ST. CLAIR, and the STEWART CORT to determine if retro-fitting these ships with a 3000 sq ft soft sail cat rig is economically feasible. By using existing weather data taken from recorded observations on Lake Michigan and Lake Superior and known performance characteristics of both the sailplan and hull, a computer program was written to model the problem. Three cases for each ship were estimated. The first was the average fuel savings, second was an optimistic estimate of fuel savings, and the third was a pessimistic estimate of fuel savings. Several considerations had to be taken into account that had serious consequences for the economic viability of the idea. One was the fact that all of the aforementioned ships have self unloading equipment that require about 80% of the deck space to be clear. This limited the choice of sailplans to one per ship. Another consideration is that due to bridge clearance problems an air draft of less than 125' was required. These two factors limited the size and efficiency of the sail plan. The third consideration is that due to the very tight shipping channels on the Great Lakes, there is …

A novel process for recovering uranium from seawater is proposed and some of the critical technical parameters are evaluated. The process, in summary, consists of two different options for contacting adsorbant pellets with seawater without pumping the seawater. It is expected that this will reduce the mass handling requirements, compared to pumped seawater systems, by a factor of approximately 10/sup 5/, which should also result in a large reduction in initial capital investment. Activated carbon, possibly in combination with a small amount of dissolved titanium hydroxide, is expected to be the preferred adsorbant material instead of the commonly assumed titanium hydroxide alone. The activated carbon, after exposure to seawater, can be stripped of uranium with an appropriate eluant (probably an acid) or can be burned for its heating value (possible in a power plant) leaving the uranium further enriched in its ash. The uranium, representing about 1% of the ash, is then a rich ore and would be recovered in a conventional manner. Experimental results have indicated that activated carbon, acting alone, is not adequately effective in adsorbing the uranium from seawater. We measured partition coefficients (concentration ratios) of approximately 10/sup 3/ in seawater instead of the reported values of …

The objective of this program is to develop nuclear waste packages that meet the Nuclear Regulatory Commission`s requirements for a licensed repository in tuff at the Nevada Test Site. Selected accomplishments for FY82 are: (1) Selection, collection of rock, and characterization of suitable outcrops (for lab experiments); (2) Rock-water interactions (Bullfrog Tuff); (3) Corrosion tests of ferrous metals; (4) Thermal modeling of waste package in host rock; (5) Preliminary fabrication tests of alternate backfills (crushed tuff); (6) Reviewed Westinghouse conceptual waste package designs for tuff and began modification for unsaturated zone; and (7) Waste Package Codes (BARIER and WAPPA) now running on our computer. Brief discussions are presented for rock-water interactions, corrosion tests of ferrous metals, and thermal and radionuclide migration modelling.

During the main thrust of the HCDA studies, it was found that sodium uranates, especially Na/sub 3/UO/sub 4/, were formed when the Na-U-O system was subjected to high temperatures approximating those of the HCDA. Mechanisms through which these rather complicated compounds are formed remain unknown. The purpose of these SIMS and ESCA studies was to detect the formation of any precursor ion species to the sodium uranates. The ESCA results agree with theory and support the presence of U/sub 2/O/sub 7/ /sup 2 -/ in Na/sub 2/U/sub 2/O/sub 7/; however, SIMS analyses show no evidence of possible uranate precursor formation in an Ar/sup +/ sputtered ion beam.

Both operational and technical objectives are being pursued at the Spent-Fuel Test-Climax (SFT-C). The principal operational objective is to demonstrate the safe and reliable packaging, handling, and storage of spent nuclear reactor fuel in a deep geologic media and to retrieve the fuel afterward. Packaging of the spent fuel at the Engine Maintenance, Assembly and Disassembly (EMAD) facility, initial emplacement 420m below surface in the Climax granitic stock, and three subsequent exchanges of fuel canisters between EMAD and the SFT-C has demonstrated that application of straightforward engineering practices provides a safe and highly reliable system with no significant radiation exposure to the operating personnel. The primary technical objectives of the test are simulation of the thermal effects occurring in a panel of a large repository and comparison of the relative effects on the granitic host rock of heat alone versus heat in combination with ionizing radiation. Other technical objectives direct project activities toward instrument evaluation, ventilation effects, thermal and thermomechanical response of a jointed rock mass, and computer model validation. Recent findings from field measurements and laboratory studies are briefly discussed for: performance of data acquisition system and instrumentation; near-and intermediate-field temperature measurements; ventilation and dewpoint measurements; acoustic emission monitoring …

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Requested information is presented concerning the background on the CRBR Project and its plutonium requirements, and analysis of sources and cost of acquiring plutonium for CRBR fuel.

The A.P.T. Dry Plate Scrubber uses a shallow, dense mobile bed of solid collector granules which move across a perforated plate. The gas stream containing fine particles and vapors is moved upward through the perforations to form high velocity gas jets. The fine particles are removed by inertial deposition onto the collector granules or by direct interception. Electrostatic forces also can be used to improve the collection efficiency and increase the adhesive forces between the particles and collectors. The DPS column consists of a series of collection stages (perforated plates) with the collectors either passing sequentially over each stage or being fed separately to each stage. The stages can be designed so as to promote the collection of large particles on the lower stages and the collection of fine particles and alkali vapors on the upper stages. The objective of this project is to conduct a bench scale experimental evaluation of the DPS at high temperature and pressure to determine its potential for controlling particulate and alkali vapor emissions from PFBC processes. The project is divided into two phases and seven major tasks as listed.

This report documents the technical evaluation of the adequacy of the station electric distribution system voltages for the Prairie Island Nuclear Generating Plant, Units 1 and 2. The evaluation is to determine if the onsite distribution system in conjunction with the offsite power sources has sufficient capacity to automatically start and operate all Class 1E loads within the equipment voltage ratings under certain conditions established by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The evaluation finds that with some minor transformer loading modifications, hardware changes and the results of equipment testing and manufacturer data, the offsite sources were demonstrated to supply adequate voltage to the Class 1E equipment under worst case conditions.

The scope of this effort includes the theoretical development of a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) Model Reference Control (MRC) algorithm, (i.e., model following control law), Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) algorithm and the formulation of a nonlinear model of a typical electric power plant. Previous single-input, single-output MRAC algorithm designs have been generalized to MIMO MRAC designs using the MIMO MRC algorithm. This MRC algorithm, which has been developed using Command Generator Tracker methodologies, represents the steady state behavior (in the adaptive sense) of the MRAC algorithm. The MRC algorithm is a fundamental component in the MRAC design and stability analysis. An enhanced MRC algorithm, which has been developed for systems with more controls than regulated outputs, alleviates the MRC stability constraint of stable plant transmission zeroes. The nonlinear power plant model is based on the Cromby model with the addition of a governor valve management algorithm, turbine dynamics and turbine interactions with extraction flows. An application of the MRC algorithm to a linearization of this model demonstrates its applicability to power plant systems. In particular, the generated power changes at 7% per minute while throttle pressure and temperature, reheat temperature and drum level are held constant with a reasonable level …