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Programming Generalization: A Comparison of Behavioral and Cognitive Response Transfer Operations in Assertive Training (open access)

Programming Generalization: A Comparison of Behavioral and Cognitive Response Transfer Operations in Assertive Training

The assertive training literature has documented the effectiveness of both behavioral and cognitive methods to increase individual's assertiveness. However, the ability for such methods to enhance the generalization of treatment effects to untrained assertive response classes and the natural environment has been poor. In addition, little notice has been paid to the durability of these changes. Although the past several years have witnessed more intensive efforts by investigators to program generalization as part of their interventions, results have continued to be disappointing. A specific generalization-enhancing treatment strategy, self-directed practice, has been utilized with much success in phobic populations. This strategy, and the theoretical orientation it reflects, has been proposed for use in assertive training. The present study sought to examine the effectiveness of this method as compared to the traditional assertive training procedures and investigate the role of self-efficacy expectations in mediating initial behavior change and its subsequent generalization.
Date: May 1981
Creator: Lefebvre, Richard Craig
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Comparison of the Linguistic Competence of Learning Disabled and Emotionally Disturbed Pupils (open access)

A Comparison of the Linguistic Competence of Learning Disabled and Emotionally Disturbed Pupils

The problem of this investigation was to compare the linguistic competence of learning disabled and emotionally disturbed pupils by means of two performance tasks. Sixty subjects, seven-and-eight-year old monolingual public and private school pupils, were assigned to three groups of twenty subjects each, learning disabled, emotionally disturbed and normally achieving children. The majority of those in the learning disabled and the normally achieving groups were from middle-class families, with the majority of fathers owners of small businesses. A majority (17) of the emotionally disturbed group attended the public schools.
Date: June 1981
Creator: Hook, Pauline Pepper
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Experience in Open-Space and Traditionally-Constructed Elementary Schools and Teacher Attitudes Toward Open Education (open access)

Experience in Open-Space and Traditionally-Constructed Elementary Schools and Teacher Attitudes Toward Open Education

The problem of this study was to determine the relationship between experience in open-space and/or traditionally constructed elementary schools and teachers' attitudes toward open education. Statistical analysis of the data used to test the hypotheses resulted in the following findings. 1. Teachers who were currently teaching in traditionally constructed schools had significantly more positive attitudes toward open education than did teachers currently teaching in open-space schools. 2. Teachers who had taught only in traditionally constructed schools had significantly more positive attitudes toward open education than did teachers who had taught only in open-space schools. 3. Teachers who had taught in both open-space and traditionally-constructed schools had significantly more positive attitudes toward open education than did teachers who had taught only in open-space schools. 4. Teachers who had taught only in traditionally constructed schools had significantly more positive attitudes toward open education than did teachers who had taught in both open-space and traditionally-constructed schools. 5. Teachers who had taught ten years or more had significantly more positive attitudes toward open education than did teachers who had taught less than ten years.
Date: August 1981
Creator: Smith, Mary Lynne
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Application of Protocol Analysis in Indentifying the Reasoning Strategies Used by Seventh- and Eighth-Grade Remedial Reading Students (open access)

An Application of Protocol Analysis in Indentifying the Reasoning Strategies Used by Seventh- and Eighth-Grade Remedial Reading Students

The major purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the reasoning strategies used by seventh- and eighth grade severely disabled remedial reading students when attempting to comprehend expository and narrative prose. Additional research questions dealt with the most frequently used strategies; correct responses to questions through the use of strategies; strategies used when responding to narrative and expository prose; strategies used when answering literal and inferential questions; and the strategies used by individual students.
Date: March 1981
Creator: Seibert, Jane Boyce
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Study of the Effectiveness of a Training Program for Volunteers in a Special Education Program for Orthopedically Handicapped and Multihandicapped Students (open access)

A Study of the Effectiveness of a Training Program for Volunteers in a Special Education Program for Orthopedically Handicapped and Multihandicapped Students

The problem of this study was to determine if pre-training of volunteers working in special education classes for orthopedically handicapped and multihandicapped students makes a difference in their classroom effectiveness. The purposes of this study were two-fold. The first was to develop a training program for volunteers working in special education classes for orthopedically handicapped and multihandicapped students. The second was to determine the effectiveness of the training program.
Date: May 1981
Creator: MacGorman, Ruth Stephens
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Competencies in Piano Accompanying (open access)

Competencies in Piano Accompanying

The purpose of this study was to ascertain what competencies professional accompanists and accompanying teachers deem sufficiently important to be included at some point in the development of a professional accompanist. Research problems were formulated to determine what differences exist between opinions of teachers and professionals regarding necessary skills in preparation of accompanists in (1) pianistic skills, (2) accompanying skills, (3) vocal skills, (4) linguistic skills, (5) knowledge of repertoire, (6) understandings in human relationships, and (7) other competencies. Data were collected by means of a validated questionnaire containing items grouped into the seven categories listed above. It was sent to twenty professional accompanists and thirty-one schools offering accompanying degrees. Seventy per cent of the professionals and 84 per cent of the schools responded. Each competency was rated first for its relative importance to a professional accompanist and then for its appropriate place in the sequence of an accompanist's preparation. A chi square comparison of responses of the two groups regarding the importance of each competency showed virtually no significant differences. Responses on appropriate stages of training were not treated statistically.
Date: August 1981
Creator: Rose, Erma L.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Monitoring Positive and Negative Events on Measures of Depression (open access)

Effects of Monitoring Positive and Negative Events on Measures of Depression

This study examined psychoanalytic, physiological, and social learning models of depression in terms of etiology and symptomatology. Emphasis was placed on social learning theories of depression. First, Beck's cognitive approach stated that the root of depression was a negative cognitive set. Depressive episodes might be externally precipitated, but it was the individual's perception and appraisal of the event that rendered it depression inducing. Secondly, Seligman's learned helplessness model explained reactive depression in terms of a belief in one's own helplessness. Specifically, Seligman stated belief in the uncontrollability of outcomes resulted in depression, irrespective of the correspondence of such beliefs to objective circumstances. Additionally, depression resulted from noncontingent aversive stimulation and noncontingent positive reinforcement. Thirdly, Lewinsohn's model was based on these assumptions: a low rate of response-contingent positive reinforcement which acted as an eliciting stimulus for depressive behaviors. This low rate of response-contingent positive reinforcement constituted an explanation for the low rate of behaviors observed in the depressive. Total amount of response—contingent positive reinforcement is a function of a number of events reinforcing for the individual, availability of reinforcement in the environment, and social skills of the individual that are necessary to elicit reinforcement.
Date: May 1981
Creator: Ellis, Janet Koch
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Academic Qualification and Employability of Teacher Education Graduates (open access)

Academic Qualification and Employability of Teacher Education Graduates

The purpose of this study was to determine whether College of Education graduates who sought and secured employment as teachers differed on the academic variables of grade point average, student teaching evaluation, and professional recommendations from those who were not successful at securing such employment. A comprehensive review of related literature was conducted, focusing on three aspects of the employment situation: (1) teacher supply and demand, (2) the selection process, and (3) the role played by academic criteria in the selection process. A study was conducted in which students who were successful in finding teaching positions were compared with those who were not successful, on the academic variables of grade point average, student teaching evaluation, and professional recommendations. Demographic data were also collected and analyzed. The subjects were sixty-three randomly selected students from the May 19 80 graduating class of the College of Education, North Texas State University, Denton, Texas. For purposes of statistical analysis, the students were divided into the following three groups: Group A (those who successfully sought employment as teachers), Group B (those who sought such employment but were not successful), and Group C (those who did not seek employment as teachers).
Date: May 1981
Creator: Perry, Nancy Cummings
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of Levels of Social Participation of Retired with Non-Retired Persons by Selected Role Categories (open access)

Comparison of Levels of Social Participation of Retired with Non-Retired Persons by Selected Role Categories

The relationship between work status (working and retired) and the degree of formal and informal social participation among elderly respondents sixty to sixty-nine years of age was studied and analyzed. A national probability sample of 735 elderly Americans provided the major data source. Elaboration model was used to further understand and explain the relationship between work status and the degree of formal and informal social participation. Ten control variables were introduced: work status of spouse, marital status, occupational status, family income, satisfaction with health, size of kinship network, race, gender, and size of community of residence. Indices of formal and informal social participation were constructed.
Date: May 1981
Creator: Khullar, Gurdeep S.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arbitral Reaction to Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Co.: An Analysis of Arbitrators' Awards, April, 1974-1980 (open access)

Arbitral Reaction to Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Co.: An Analysis of Arbitrators' Awards, April, 1974-1980

The purposes of this study were: (1) to present data resulting from an analysis of the ninety-seven published grievance-arbitration awards involving issues of racial discrimination occurring between April 1, 1974, and December 31, 1980? and (2) to determine from the data how labor arbitrators have reacted to Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Co., 415 U.S. 36 (1974) . The Supreme Court held that labor arbitration was a "comparatively inappropriate" forum for the resolution of employment discrimination disputes. However, the Court said that an arbitral award could be "accorded great weight" by a lower court when certain relevant factors are present in an award. The cases were analyzed to determine the extent to which arbitrators responded to the factors set forth in the Gardner-Denver decision.
Date: August 1981
Creator: Owens, Stephen D. (Stephen Dennis)
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Theory of Tragedy (open access)

A Theory of Tragedy

This study defines and applies a theory of tragedy which is based on the work of Friedrich Nietzsche in The Birth of Tragedy. In the first chapter the writer argues for the need of a widely accepted theory of tragedy and show that we do not presently have one. In the same chapter, the writer presents the theory that tragedy is a very specific art type which transcends genre and which is the product of a synthesis of the Dionysiac and Apollonian forces in Western culture. The writer argues that by understanding the philosophical and aesthetic nature of the forces as they are expressed in tragedy we can isolate and define the essential elements of tragedy. Tragedy must have a person of heroic stature as its main protagonist. It must have a specific kind of plot in which a reversal of the hero's experience of the universe occurs. It must have a choric element, which is a combination of two components: communality and lyricism. Finally, tragedy must contain a mythic background which allows for the expression of two themes, the Dionysiac theme and the Apollonian theme.
Date: May 1981
Creator: Dodson, Diane Martha
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Use of Relaxation-Suggestions and Modeling-Instructions in Modifying Eating Behavior of Institutionalized Mentally Retarded (open access)

The Use of Relaxation-Suggestions and Modeling-Instructions in Modifying Eating Behavior of Institutionalized Mentally Retarded

Training programs designed to remediate eating deficits of higher level patients have involved some combination of verbal instructions, manual guidance, modeling, and reinforcement. Training methods which incorporate relaxation and imagery to facilitate behavior change have received little attention with this population. The current study was designed to explore the use of relaxation and suggestions as a training strategy to modify the shoveling behavior of moderately and mildly retarded institutionalized clients. Three treatment methods, relaxation-suggestion with reinforcement, modeling-instruction with reinforcement, and relaxation-suggestion alone, were compared. A greater reduction in shoveling behavior was hypothesized for the modeling-instruction with reinforcement group than for either of the relaxation-suggestion groups, and a greater reduction in shoveling behavior was hypothesized for the relaxation suggestion with reinforcement group than for the relaxation-suggestion alone group.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Polo, Linda Bridget.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Design and Evaluation of Study Materials for Integrating Musical Information into the Choral Rehearsal (open access)

The Design and Evaluation of Study Materials for Integrating Musical Information into the Choral Rehearsal

The purpose of the study was to design and evaluate materials for integrating musical concepts and stylistic concepts into the high school choral rehearsal. Need for the study was established by examining related literature and by means of a survey of Texas high school choral directors. A systems approach model of curriculum development, consisting of a ten-step procedural outline, was adopted for formulation of the study. The following criteria for the curriculum, called Integrated Musical Information for Choirs (IMIC), were set: (1) Materials should be in the hands of each student; (2) Materials would relate directly to music being performed by the choir; (3) Use of the materials should assist the teacher in organizing his/her work; (4) Teachers should be able to put materials into use without adaptation; (5) Teachers' out-of-class preparation should be minimal.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Whitlock, Ruth H. S. (Ruth Hendricke Summers)
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Stylistic Comparison of Aaron Copland's Passacaglia, Piano variations, and Four piano Blues: A Lecture Recital, Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works of Beethoven, Brahms, Chopin and Others (open access)

A Stylistic Comparison of Aaron Copland's Passacaglia, Piano variations, and Four piano Blues: A Lecture Recital, Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works of Beethoven, Brahms, Chopin and Others

During Aaron Copland's long and productive life, he has written many compositions of distinction; among his piano compositions are the Passacaglia, Piano Variations, and Four Piano Blues. These three piano works were composed during a span of over twenty years and reflect many different influences in the composer's musical life. The Passacaglia, an early work, was written under the direction of Copland's teacher, Nadia Boulanger. It was strongly influenced by her and the French neoclassic school. The influence of jazz is most prominent in the Four Piano Blues, whereas the Piano Variations were influenced by Arnold Schoenberg and other composers of the twelve-tone school. This study contains an examination of each of three piano pieces mentioned, with emphasis upon aspects of thematic development, harmony, rhythm, and sonority; then a comparison between the pieces is made.
Date: May 1981
Creator: Whitten, Sammie G. (Sammie Gayle)
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Assessment of Off-Campus Education Programs Provided by Troy State University on United States Military Installations (open access)

An Assessment of Off-Campus Education Programs Provided by Troy State University on United States Military Installations

The problem of this study was to determine through a review of the literature the reliability and validity of using student, alumni and faculty perceptions of program quality as criteria in the evaluation of off-campus programs, developing data gathering instruments to obtain these perceptions, administering the instruments, and determining if there were significant differences in the ratings within and between the three groups.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Stewart, Frederick N. (Frederick Neal)
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Teaching the Alphabet and Number Keys Concurrently in High School Beginning Typewriting Classes (open access)

Teaching the Alphabet and Number Keys Concurrently in High School Beginning Typewriting Classes

The problem of this study is that of comparing a concurrent approach with the traditional (delayed) approach of presenting the alphabet and number/symbol keys on the typewriter keyboard. Ten experimental classes and ten control classes, of male and female high school beginning typewriting students in Texas, participated in the study. The experimental group was introduced the alphabet and number/symbol keys concurrently with drills coordinated with Century 21 Typewriting. The control group was introduced the alphabet and number/symbol keys according to Century 21 Typewriting. Both groups used three minutes of daily practice on number drills through Lesson 60.
Date: August 1981
Creator: Zimmer, Theresa M.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Emily Bronte's Word Artistry: Symbolism in Wuthering Heights (open access)

Emily Bronte's Word Artistry: Symbolism in Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights is a composite of opposites. Its two houses, its two families, its two generations, its two planes of existence are held in place by Emily Bronte's careful manipulation of repetitive, yet differentiated, symbols associated with each of these pairs. Using symbols to develop her polarities and to unify them along the imaginatively rendered horizontal axis connecting Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, the vertical axis connecting the novel's several "heavens" and "hells," and the third dimensional axis connecting the spiritual and corporeal worlds, Emily Bronte gives the divided world of Wuthering Heights an almost perfect symmetry. This study divides the more than seven hundred symbols into physical and nonphysical. The physical symbols are subdivided into setting, animal life, plant life, people, celestial objects, and miscellaneous objects. The fewer nonphysical symbols are grouped under movement, light, time, emotions, concepts, and miscellaneous terms. Verticality and thresholds, the two most important symbolic motifs, are drawn from both physical and nonphysical symbols.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Madewell, Viola D'Ann
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Knowledge and Understanding of Health and Safety Concepts Held by International Students (open access)

The Knowledge and Understanding of Health and Safety Concepts Held by International Students

The purposes of this study were to measure the knowledge and understanding of certain health concepts that are held by international students who attend a large multi-purpose university. The international students took Educational Testing Service's Cooperative Health Education Test (CHET), which was designed for junior high school students, and their mean responses were compared with the CHET ninthgrade national mean scores of American students on selected variables. In addition to demographic variables, the test variables used were consumer health, community health, international health, disease and disorders, personal health care, sex education, growth and development, nutrition, mental health, drug use and abuse, and safety and first aid. The ultimate purpose of the study was to discover the health area conceptions of international students for the use of teachers, curriculum planners, and program evaluators.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Mwikuta, Howard Simon
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Study of Disparity in Effort Among Texas School Districts for Debt Service, as Well as for Maintenance and Operation (open access)

A Study of Disparity in Effort Among Texas School Districts for Debt Service, as Well as for Maintenance and Operation

The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of determining the degree to which fiscal disparity in Texas school districts affects debt service, as well as maintenance and operation and local enrichment. This study has four main purposes: to determine whether the poor school districts are exerting more or less effort for debt service, maintenance and operation and total taxation than are the wealthy districts; to determine how the size of Texas school districts is related to district wealth; to determine the number of Texas school districts that do not levy a tax for debt service; and to provide information for persons interested in school finance matters—namely, legislators, educators, students of finance and lay citizens who may or may not be property taxpayers.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Keller, Annette Smith
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Applicability of Western Urban Theories to African Cities: A Case Study of Lagos, Nigeria (open access)

The Applicability of Western Urban Theories to African Cities: A Case Study of Lagos, Nigeria

The purpose of this study is to determine the applicability of western urban theories to African cities, especially to Lagos, Nigeria. The study surveys urban land use patterns, migration and migrants' adjustment in cities, social relationships in cities, and urban stratification. The investigation's thesis is that western urban theories in these four areas of urban ecology may not be entirely applicable to the study of African cities. Theories of land use patterns are discussed from the classical and the cultural, or voluntaristic, viewpoints; and the other three areas are examined from the perspective of broad western urban theories.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Sijuwade, Philip Oyebowale
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Selected Management Functions in the Role of Division Chairpersons in Multi-Campus Community Colleges (open access)

Selected Management Functions in the Role of Division Chairpersons in Multi-Campus Community Colleges

The problem of the study was to develop and investigate selected management functions in the role of division chairpersons in multi-campus community colleges. The researcher collected data concerning the role of division chairperson from presidents, academic deans or vice presidents, and division chairpersons within the Dallas County Community College District, Texas, and the Tarrant County Junior College, Texas. Purposes of the study included determining how much formal management education the division chairpersons had completed; and determining amounts of experience in their current roles, and in educational and non—educational organizations. Further purposes were to determine perceptions of all participants concerning both the importance of and the frequency of occurrence of 158 management activities in the role of division chairperson.
Date: August 1981
Creator: Stewart, Willie Gene
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Comparative Content Analysis of Texas and Thai High School Biology Textbooks (open access)

A Comparative Content Analysis of Texas and Thai High School Biology Textbooks

There were two purposes of this study. The first was that of determining, through an analysis of Texas and Thai biology textbooks, which objectives -- cognitive, affective, manual skill, processes of scientific inquiry, and orientation—were emphasized in three major and twenty-seven minor fields of biology. The second purpose was to determine if significant differences exist in the frequency distribution of these objectives. Only one biology program is used in schools throughout Thailand. This program, which was published by the Ministry of Education, consists of four textbooks with 1977 copyright date. The five Texas textbooks used in this study were those adopted under the provisions of the Textbook Law. The contents of each of the six texts included in the study were classified by using the criteria of Klopfer's Table of Specifications for Science Education.
Date: May 1981
Creator: Roadrangka, Vantipa
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Segmentation and Analysis of Phonemic Units as Related to Acquisition of the Initial Consonant Phoneme-Grapheme Correspondence (open access)

Segmentation and Analysis of Phonemic Units as Related to Acquisition of the Initial Consonant Phoneme-Grapheme Correspondence

The ability of students to segment the speech stream into phonemic units and to analyze (make judgments as to same or different) beginning consonant phonemes was assessed at grades kindergarten through third from both high and low socioeconomic groups. Segmentation ability was assessed by the use of a test of actual words in a match-to-sample task, a test of synthetic words requiring a same-different judgment and a task which required deletion of a phoneme from a known word to form a new word. Three prerequisite abilities were also assessed: auditory acuity and understanding of the concepts "same" and "different" with regard to sounds, and "beginning" with regard to sequence of sounds.
Date: March 1981
Creator: Mathews, Barbara A.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chickasaw Removal: Betrayal of the Beloved Warriors, 1794-1844 (open access)

Chickasaw Removal: Betrayal of the Beloved Warriors, 1794-1844

This dissertation is a detailed study of Chickasaw removal, based on correspondence and other documents from the period 1794-1844. In addition to National Archives microfilm, information has been gathered from correspondence sent by the Office of Indian Affairs and miscellaneous Chickasaw records of the period, both collections located at the National Archives. A thorough investigation has been conducted into the communications between the Chickasaw Nation and the United States Department of War. An attempt was made to include the opinions expressed by Chickasaw leaders, American field personnel, and Department of War officials involved during this period. Thus, the major sources consulted include the letters of the Office of Indian Affairs which were either to, from, or about the Chickasaw.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Lewis, Monte Ross
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library