A single-mode, nonlinear analysis of the 2XIIB experimental results is under development. A Model-I (infinite geometry, no mirror losses or source beams) analysis is nearly complete. Model II (mirror losses, beams, energy drag) is in progress. Nonlinear analysis of the 2..omega../sub p/ instability near the quarter-critical point in an inhomogeneous plasma is continuing.

Flue gas conditioning approaches for the Brayton-cycle heat recovery system are discussed. This revision incorporates the results of recent AiResearch tests on the subatmospheric system (SAS) turbocompressor, as well as the Electric Power Research Institute sponsored tests on ceramic fiber filters. The two primary purposes of the gas conditioning evaluation are: to determine the need for protecting the Brayton-cycle turbocompressor and heat exchanger from the potential damaging effects of erosion and deposition, and to determine what type of approach should be used for cleanup, if protection by flue gas conditioning is required.

The turbine tests and results for the Brayton cycle subatmospheric system (SAS) are summarized. A scaled model turbine was operated in the same environment as that which a full-scale SAS machine would experience from the hot effluent flue gas from a glass container furnace. The objective of the testing was to evaluate the effects of a simulated furnace flue gas stream on the turbine nozzles and blades. The following specific areas were evaluated: erosion of the turbine nozzles and blades from the dust in the flue gas, hot corrosion from alkali metal salts in the dust and acid vapor (sulfur trioxide and hydrogen chloride) in the flue gas, and fouling and flow blockage due to deposition and/or condensation from the flue gas constituents.

Materials for ultimate disposal of /sup 129/I have been studied. At present, iodide-sodalite, though not ideal, appears to be the best material for /sup 129/I immobilization from the aspects of ease of preparation, thermal stability, cost of materials, and leach resistance. Good consolidation of the material was achieved by sintering in air at 1000 to 1200/sup 0/C, but the iodine content was significantly below stoichiometric expectations. Hot aqueous media preferentially removed iodine, apparently by OH/sup -/ substitution in near-neutral solutions, and I reversible reaction Cl/sup -/ exchange occurred in brine. Alternation of the sodalite also took place. Soxhlet leach rates were about 5 x 10/sup -4/ g/cm/sup 2/-day by total weight loss, but physical weathering contributed significantly to this value. Moderate doses of radiation had no observable deleterious structural effects. Iodoboracites seemingly cannot be prepared by ceramic or nonhydrothermal wet chemical techniques. Fe-iodoboracite has inferior thermal stability to iodide-sodalite and was completely altered to hematite after treatment at 200/sup 0/C in deionized water. Silver zeolites retained some iodine in the form of crystalline ..cap alpha..-AgI at temperatures up to 1300/sup 0/C even though heating above approx. 700/sup 0/C altered the alumino-silicate framework. However, some of the iodine appeared to be …

The use of an existing, low temperature, geothermal resource to heat the Chamber of Commerce offices in Marlin, Texas is described. A secondary purpose of the project is to attract new industries and businesses to Marlin via this alternate energy show-piece demonstration of a simple and practical application of Texas' low temperature geothermal resource.

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We examine the scaling of implosion symmetry, ablation pressure, and hydrodynamic efficiency with the wavelength of the laser, using a recent theoretical analysis of ablative laser driven implosions as a tool. Symmetrization by a hot atmosphere is most effective for long wavelength lasers, whereas ablation pressure and hydrodynamic efficiency are best for shorter laser wavelengths.

The disclosure relates to a portable device adapted to handle objects which are not to be touched by hand. A piston and bore wall form a vacuum chamber communicating with an adaptor sealably engageable with an object to be lifted. The piston is manually moved and set to establish vacuum. A valve is manually actuable to apply the vacuum to lift the object.

A secondary electrochemical cell is described with the positive and negative electrodes separated by a molten salt electrolyte with the negative electrode comprising a particulate mixture of lithium-aluminum alloy and electrolyte and an additive selected from graphitized carbon, Raney iron or mixtures thereof. The lithium-aluminum alloy is present in the range of from about 45 to about 80% by volume of the negative electrode, and the electrolyte is present in an amount not less than about 10% by volume of the negative electrode. The additive of graphitized carbon is present in the range of from about 1 to about 10% by volume of the negative electrode, and the Raney iron additive is present in the range of from about 3 to about 10% by volume of the negative electrode.

A frequency-spectrum analyzer with phase-lock for analyzing the frequency and amplitude of an input signal is comprised of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) which is driven by a ramp generator, and a phase error detector circuit. The phase error detector circuit measures the difference in phase between the VCO and the input signal, and drives the VCO locking it in phase momentarily with the input signal. The input signal and the output of the VCO are fed into a correlator which transfers the input signal to a frequency domain, while providing an accurate absolute amplitude measurement of each frequency component of the input signal.

The present invention is directed to a rapid nondestructive method for determining the extent of strain hardening in an article of tungsten-nickel-iron alloy. The method comprises saturating the article with a magnetic field from a permanent magnet, measuring the magnetic flux emanating from the article, comparing the measurements of the magnetic flux emanating from the article with measured magnetic fluxes from similarly shaped standards of the alloy with known amounts of strain hardening to determine the hardness.

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A roll compaction and roll granulation system has been designed and fabricated to replace conventional preslugging and crushing operations typically used in the fabrication of mixed oxide nuclear fuel pellets. This equipment will be of maintenance advantage with only the compaction and granulation rolls inside containment. The prototype is being tested and the results will be reported within a year.

A control system for thermoelectric refrigerators is disclosed. The thermoelectric refrigerator includes at least one thermoelectric element that undergoes a first order change at a predetermined critical temperature. The element functions as a thermoelectric refrigerator element above the critical temperature but discontinuously ceases to function as a thermoelectric refrigerator element below the critical temperature. One example of such an arrangement includes thermoelectric refrigerator elements which are superconductors. The transition temperature of one of the superconductor elements is selected as the temperature control point of the refrigerator. When the refrigerator attempts to cool below the point, the metals become superconductors losing their ability to perform as a thermoelectric refrigerator. An extremely accurate, first-order control is realized.

This review covers the basics of the fusion process. Some research programs and their present status are mentioned. (MOW)

Positron lifetime and Doppler broadening measurements have been used to study defect production resulting from room temperature irradiation of pure silver by D-T fusion neutrons or energetic protons. Use of the positron annihilation analysis has established that the surviving defects from both irradiations have the same dose dependence and that defect concentration can be quantitatively measured and compared to damage models. The relative merit of the lifetime and Doppler broadening measurements in arriving at these conclusions is discussed in this report along with some practical aspects of the measurements. In the proton damaged samples the trapping rate approaches saturation, a circumstance which could be misinterpreted if a less extensive data set containing only Doppler broadening data were available. Some remarks about the analysis of positron data and general conclusions about the defect structure are given. 3 figures.

This work is part of a study conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to improve the performance of brine injection wells at Gulf Coast Strategic Petroleum Reserve Sites. Our involvement established that granular media filtration, when used with proper chemical pretreatments, provides an effective and economical method for removing particulates from hypersaline brines. This treatment allows for the injection of 200,000 B/D with significantly increased well half-lives of 30 years.

A method of fabricating a seal between a ceramic and an alloy comprising the steps of prefiring the alloy in an atmosphere with a very low partial pressure of oxygen, firing the assembled alloy and ceramic in air, and gradually cooling the fired assembly to avoid the formation of thermal stress in the ceramic. The method forms a bond between the alloy and the ceramic capable of withstanding the environment of a pressurized water reactor and suitable for use in an electrical conductivity sensitive liquid level transducer.

The personnel neutron exposure potential at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is more diverse than at many other facilities, due to the wide range of neutron producing activities. Albedo energy response problems in the face of the diversity of sources, and a concern about possible photon interferences with the neutron albedo response, have prompted development of some additional dosimetry techniques to augment the personnel monitoring program. This work now consists of two programs - the dosimeter/spectrometer (DOSPEC) in which track etch detectors are added to the albedo badge to provide some energy evaluation and gamma insensitivity, and development of solid state thin film MOS detectors to provide a real time, gamma insensitive dosimeter.

A radiological survey was conducted in the Northern Marshall Islands to document reamining external gamma exposures from nuclear tests conducted at Enewetak and Bikini Atolls. An additional program was later included to obtain terrestrial and marine samples for radiological dose assessment for current or potential atoll inhabitants. This report is the first of a series summarizing the results from the terrestrial and marine surveys. The sample collection and processing procedures and the general survey methodology are discussed; a summary of the collected samples and radionuclide analyses is presented. Over 5400 samples were collected from the 12 atolls and 2 islands and prepared for analysis including 3093 soil, 961 vegetation, 153 animal, 965 fish composite samples (average of 30 fish per sample), 101 clam, 50 lagoon water, 15 cistern water, 17 groundwater, and 85 lagoon sediment samples. A complete breakdown by sample type, atoll, and island is given here. The total number of analyses by radionuclide are 8840 for /sup 241/Am, 6569 for /sup 137/Cs, 4535 for /sup 239 +240/Pu, 4431 for /sup 90/Sr, 1146 for /sup 238/Pu, 269 for /sup 241/Pu, and 114 each for /sup 239/Pu and /sup 240/Pu. A complete breakdown by sample category, atoll or island, and …

We describe in detail the formulation and processing steps used to prepare all SYNROC D samples tested in the Comparative Leach Testing Program at the Savannah River Laboratory. We also discuss how the composition of the Savannah River Plant sludge influences the formulation and ultimate preparation of SYNROC D. Mechanical properties are reported in the categories of elastic constants, flexural and compressive strengths, and microhardness; thermal expansion and thermal conductivity results are presented. The thermal expansion data indicated the presence of significant residual strain and the possibility of an unidentified amorphous or glassy phase in the microstructure. We summarize the standardized (MCC) leaching results for both crushed Synroc and monoliths in deionized water, silicate water, and salt brine at 90/sup 0/C and 150/sup 0/C.

Linear-muffin-tin orbital calculations of the band structure and pressure-volume isotherms for fcc La, both at zero and finite temperatures. The calculated bulk modulus shows a rapid stiffening in the range from 40 to 50% compression, due to termination of the 6s to 5d electronic transition. When combined with a simple Slater model analysis, these results yield a temperature dependent peak in the lattice Grueneisen parameter. Experimental confirmation of this peak is found in an anomalous stiffening seen in the shock compression data for La, and it may also have some bearing on the observed saturation of the superconducting transition temperature in La around 200 kbar.

Several high explosive formulations have recently been compared in a series of impact tests where samples of each composition were encased in a test fixture designed in flat geometry mocking an HE loaded artillery projectile. The purpose of the ongoing test series is to determine the relative rate of chemical energy release or explosiveness of several standard and research insensitive high explosive (IHE) main charge compositions. The triggering stimulus is the impact of .30 calibre ball bullets fired at normal muzzle velocity.

By means of a computational approach based on classical molecular dynamics, we can begin to form a realistic picture of shock-induced processes occurring at the shock front and resulting from the detailed, violent motion associated with shock motion on an atomic scale. Prototype studies of phase transitions will be discussed. We will also examine the interaction of the shock front with defects, surfaces, voids, and inclusions, and across grain boundaries. We will focus on the critical question of how mechanical energy imparted to a condensed material by shock loading is converted to the activation energy required to overcome some initial energy barrier in an initiation process.