A laser fusion reactor concept is described that employs liquid metal walls. The concept envisions a porous medium, called the JADE, of specific geometry lining the reactor cavity. Some advantages and disadvantages of the concept are pointed out. The possibility of using heat pipes for passive cooling in ICF reactors is discussed. Some of the problems are outlined. (MOW)

This study is designed to assist the Division of Geothermal Energy (DGE) in deciding what kind of strategy it wants and needs in order to make its international effort as cost-effective and appropriate as possible. The purpose of this study is to construct a logic base on which DGE can, in turn, establish its own strategy for international cooperation, and can begin to plan for necessary organization, procedural and policy reforms. This report will constitute a set of decision guidelines for DGE to consider in determining the nature of future strategy-related reforms. Each chapter asks, and then answers, the question on which it is centered as follows: (1) what are the deficiencies in DGE's current approach; (2) what should an international strategy for DGE ensure; (3) how can an international strategy for DGE be manifested; (4) which strategic model presents the best opportunity now; and (5) how can the recommended alternative be achieved.

The transported volume of spent fuel, incident/accident experience and accident environment probabilities were reviewed in order to provide an estimate of spent fuel accident probabilities. In particular, the accident review assessed the accident experience for large casks of the type that could transport spent (irradiated) nuclear fuel. This review determined that since 1971, the beginning of official US Department of Transportation record keeping for accidents/incidents, there has been one spent fuel transportation accident. This information, coupled with estimated annual shipping volumes for spent fuel, indicated an estimated annual probability of a spent fuel transport accident of 5 x 10/sup -7/ spent fuel accidents per mile. This is consistent with ordinary truck accident rates. A comparison of accident environments and regulatory test environments suggests that the probability of truck accidents exceeding regulatory test for impact is approximately 10/sup -9//mile.

The Vermont State Briefing Book is one of a series of state briefing books on low-level radioactive waste management practices. It has been prepared to assist state and federal agency officials in planning for safe low-level radioactive waste disposal. The report contains a profile of low-level radioactive waste generators in Vermont. The profile is the result of a survey of Nuclear Regulatory Commission licensees in Vermont. The briefing book also contains a comprehensive assessment of low-level radioactive waste management issues and concerns as defined by all major interested parties including industry, government, the media, and interest groups. The assessment was developed through personal communications with representatives of interested parties, and through a review of media sources. Lastly, the briefing book provides demographic and socioeconomic data and a discussion of relevant government agencies and activities, all of which may affect waste management practices in Vermont.

The compositions of 5 major types of geothermal wastes have been determined, and samples have been subjected to EPA recommended extraction tests to determine if they contain toxic metals that would classify the wastes as hazardous. Of the samples tested, the extracts of geothermal brines clearly contain levels of As, Ba and Pb exceeding the maximum allowed concentrations that characterize wastes as toxic. Only one other waste type, geothermal scale, exhibited EP toxicity. Pb was found in the extract of geothermal scale at a level of 7 mg/l, only 2 mg/l over the maximum limit. All of the other types of geothermal waste samples showed levels of toxic metals in the extracts well below the regulated limits.

The basic idea of this diagnostic routine is to check out a parallel type A1 CAMAC Crate Controller using CDL.

In an earlier project, a literature search identified 60 underground openings in crystalline rock capable of providing access for an in-situ experimental facility to develop geochemical and hydrological techniques for evaluating sites for radioactive waste isolation. As part of the current project, discussions with state geologists, owners, and operators narrowed the original group to 14. Three additional sites in volcanic rock and one site in granite were also identified. Site visits and application of technical criteria, including the geologic and hydrologic settings and depth, extent of the rock unit, condition, and accessibility of underground workings, determined four primary candidate sites: the Helms Pumped Storage Project in grandiodorite of the Sierra Nevada, California; the Tungsten Queen Mine in Precambrian granodiorite of the North Carolina Piedmont; the Mount Hope Mine in Precambrian granite and gneiss of northern New Jersey; and the Minnamax Project in the Duluth gabbro complex of northern Minnesota.

A survey of wet cooling tower literature was performed to develop a simplified method of cooling tower design and simulation for use in power plant cycle optimization. The theory of heat exchange in wet cooling towers is briefly summarized. The Merkel equation (the fundamental equation of heat transfer in wet cooling towers) is presented and discussed. The cooling tower fill constant (Ka) is defined and values derived. A rule-of-thumb method for the optimized design of cooling towers is presented. The rule-of-thumb design method provides information useful in power plant cycle optimization, including tower dimensions, water consumption rate, exit air temperature, power requirements and construction cost. In addition, a method for simulation of cooling tower performance at various operating conditions is presented. This information is also useful in power plant cycle evaluation. Using the information presented, it will be possible to incorporate wet cooling tower design and simulation into a procedure to evaluate and optimize power plant cycles.

The importance of the neutron capture process and the status of the more important cross section data are reviewed. The capture in fertile and fissile nuclei is considered. For thermal reactors the thermal to epithermal capture ratio for /sup 238/U and /sup 232/Th remains a problem though some improvements were made with more recent measurements. The capture cross section of /sup 238/U in the fast energy range remains quite uncertain and a long standing discrepancy for the calculated versus experimental central reaction rate ratio C28/F49 persists. Capture in structural materials, fission product nuclei and the higher actinides is also considered.

This study is a new preliminary conceptual design and economic analysis of an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) power plant performed by Bechtel under the direction of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The purpose of a new conceptual design is to examine alternatives to the LLNL HYLIFE power plant and to incorporate information from the recent liquid metal cooled power plant conceptual design study (CDS) into the reactor system and balance of plant design. A key issue in the design of a laser fusion power plant is the degree of symmetry in the illumination of the target that will be required for a proper burn. Because this matter is expected to remain unresolved for some time, another purpose of this study is to determine the effect of symmetry requirements on the total plant size, layout, and cost.

This report covers research in: energy analysis; energy efficiency studies; solar energy; chemical process; energy-efficient buildings; environmental pollutant studies; combustion research; laser spectroscopy and trace elements; and oil shale and coal research. An energy and environment personnel listing is appended. Separate projects are indexed individually for the database. (PSB)

A review is presented of what has been learned from lepton-quark interactions. Next, the context in which to ask future questions, the paradigm, it constitutes the set of assumptions that we believe on the basis of present experiments and which - subject always to refinement, extension, and revision - defines the way we talk about experiments done now and in the future. Two fothcoming neutrino experiments are discussed which seem to be of specific interest. Finally, some of the possibilities for experiments with ep colliders are covered. The point of that discussion is to try to understand what - in very general terms - are the things we may hope to learn from these facilities, and to begin to ask what requirements our physics questions place upon machines and experiments.

Resistivity data from several areas were compiled, analyzed, and interpreted in terms of possible geologic models. On the basis of this analysis alone, two areas have been ruled out for possible geothermal exploitation, two have been interpreted to have a moderate-temperature resource, and two have been interpreted to have a high-temperature resource. The two areas which have been ruled out are the Keaau and South Point areas. The Kawaihae area and the lower northwest rift zone of Hualalai appear to have anomalous resistivity structures, which suggest a moderate-temperature resource in each of these areas. Finally, specific areas in the lower southwest and lower east rift zones of Kilauea have been outlined as locations where high-temperature fluids may exist at depth.

Fluid production from, and hence the economic viability of, a geothermal field is related to the amount of clay minerals in the caprock and in the reservoir rocks. In both the East Mesa and Cerro Prieto fields in the Salton Trough of southern California, United States, and Baja California, Mexico, scanning electron micrography (SEM) has vividly documented the role of clay fabrics in deltaic quartz-sandstone reservoirs. For example, in East Mesa well 78-30 at 1630 m depth in a zone of quartz dissolution, the clay present in pores exhibits an irregular, crenulate, honeycomb fabric and has the following composition from energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX): Si 61%, Al 25%, Fe 20%, Na 6%, K 2%, and Mg 1%. Platy clusters of clay (kaolinite) in Cerro Prieto well T-366 at 2522 m in a 300/sup 0/C geothermal aquifer were analyzed as: Si 62%, Al 25%, Mg 6%, and Fe 1%. In other samples, illite takes the form of wispy fibers whose intertwined ends form bridges across pores. These clay fabrics appear to reduce permeability significantly by clogging the pore throats, even though dissolution porosity ranges from 25 to 35%. Nineteen wells have been studied to date.

This document discusses computer surety in NRC-licensed nuclear facilities from the perspective of physical protection inspectors. It gives background information and a glossary of computer terms, along with threats and computer vulnerabilities, methods used to harden computer elements, and computer audit controls.

In this experiment, which uses a superconducting solenoid at the CERN ISR, a large sample of two-jet events produced in proton-proton collisions at 62 GeV centre-of-mass energy has been examined for evidence of three-jet structures; that is, for the presence of events in which three particle jets can be separately identified at large transverse momenta relative to the initial proton directions, there also being spectator jets following these directions, making five jets in all. Such three-jet events are expected to be produced by gluon bremsstrahlung, as has been observed in the e/sup +/e/sup -/ case, but several additional mechanisms are expected in the case of hadronic collisions. The three-jet events are identified by cluster analysis, the particles of each event being sorted into the best three-cluster and two-cluster combinations. Results are briefly described. (WHK)

The following aspects of solar access are discussed: solar geometry, topography, orientation, trees and vegetation, design options, and legal questions. (MHR)

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Scott Currier, 13, left, bench presses 55 pounds during summer training at Moore Central Mid-High School."

The function, J(x,y), which has appeared frequently in analytical solutions of a variety of technical problems, is described and its applications briefly reviewed. Two detailed examples of applications are given. Tabulations of functions related to J(x,y) are listed, and relationships of J(x,y) to these functions are stated. Methods of computation of J(x,y), suitable for use with digital computers, are described.

Synchrotron radiation by a point charge is a familiar subject in classical electrodynamics. Perhaps less familiar are some quantum mechanical corrections to the classical results. Some of those quantum aspects of synchrotron radiation are described. One of the quantum effects leads to the expectation that electrons in a storage ring will polarize themselves to 92% - a surprisingly high value. A semi-classical derivation of the quantum effects is given. An effort has been made to minimize the need of using quantum mechanics. Results are put together to derive a final expression of beam polarization. Conditions under which the expected 92% polarization is destroyed are found and attributed to depolarization resonances. The various depolarization mechanisms are first illustrated by an idealized example and then systematically treated by a matrix formalism. It is shown that the strength of depolarization is specified by a key quantity called the spin chromaticity. Finally as an application of the obtained results, an estimate of the achievable level of beam polarization for two existing electron storage rings, SPEAR and PEP, is given.

The general problem of evaluating diagnostic window materials for the TFTR at the tank wall location is described. Specific evaluations are presented for several materials: vitreous silica, crystal quartz, sapphire, zinc selenide, and several fluorides: lithium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, and calcium fluoride; and seal glasses are discussed. The effects of the neutrons will be minimal. The major problems arise from the high flux of ionizing radiation, mainly the soft x rays which are absorbed near the surface of the materials. Additionally, this large energy deposition causes a significant thermal pulse with attendant thermal stresses. It is thus desirable to protect the windows with cover slips where this is feasible or to reduce the incident radiation by mounting the windows on long pipes. A more detailed summary is given at the end of this report.

From an analysis of 1460 projectile fragment collisions in nuclear research emulsion exposed to 2.1 A GeV /sup 16/O and 1.9 A GeV /sup 56/Fe at the Bevalac, evidence is presented for the existence of an anomalously short interaction mean free path of projectile fragments for the first several cm after emission. The result is significant to beyond the 3 standard deviation confidence level.

The experimental techniques applied in measurements of the neutron capture process are reviewed. The emphasis is on measurement techniques used in neutron capture cross section measurements. The activation technique applied mainly in earlier work has still its use in some cases, specifically for measurements of technologically important cross sections (/sup 238/U and /sup 232/Th) with high accuracy. Three major prompt neutron radioactive capture detection techniques have evolved: the total gamma radiation energy detection technique (mainly with large liquid scintillation detectors), the gamma-energy proportional detectors (with proportional counters or Moxon-Rae detectors), and the pulse-height weighting technique. These measurement techniques are generally applicable, however, shortcomings limit the achievable accuracy to a approx. = 5 to 15% uncertainty level.

The Rhode Island State Briefing Book is one of a series of state briefing books on low-level radioactive waste management practices. It has been prepared to assist state and federal agency officials in planning for safe low-level radioactive waste disposal. The report contains a profile of low-level radioactive waste generators in Rhode Island. The profile is the result of a survey of radioactive material licensees in Rhode Island. The briefing book also contains a comprehensive assessment of low-level radioactive waste management issues and concerns as defined by all major interested parties including industry, government, the media, and interest groups. The assessment was developed through personal communications with representatives of interested parties, and through a review of media sources. Lastly, the briefing book provides demographic and socioeconomic data and a discussion of relevant government agencies and activities, all of which may affect waste management practices in Rhode Island.