A report discussing the research and findings of the social and psychological aspects of the Judeo-Christian stance toward homosexuality.

We examine multiparticle correlations in a {pi}{sup -}p experiment at 147 GeV/c performed by the Proportional Hybrid System Consortium. The major aim of this paper is to demonstrate the existence of clusters in our data. We use different statistical algorithms to assemble into clusters the particles in each event which are associated by virtue of small relative angles. We find that these clusters are stable against different choices of metric and/or algorithm, and reproduce the effects previously observed in the data corresponding to clusters. Some of these clusters have properties similar to high p{sub T} jets. A detailed study of these jet-like clusters is described, and comparisons with some counter experiments are discussed.

This paper describes the design and operating experience with a high performance control system tailored to the requirements of the SuperHILAC accelerator. A large number (20) of the latest 16-bit microcomputer boards are used in a parallel-distributed manner to get a high system bandwidth. Because of the high bandwidth, software costs and complexity are significantly reduced. The system by its very nature and design is easily upgraded and repaired. Dynamically assigned and labeled knobs, together with touch-panels, allow a flexible and efficient operator interface. An X-Y vector graphics system provides for display and labeling of real-time signals as well as general plotting functions. This control system allows attachment of a powerful auxiliary computer for scientific processing with access to accelerator parameters.

Fuel cells show great promise as an efficient, nonpolluting vehicular power source that can operate on nonpetroleum fuel. As with other power sources, design tradeoffs can be made that either improve vehicle performance or reduce the size and cost of the fuel cell power system. To evaluate some of these tradeoffs, a number of phosphoric acid fuel cell power plant designs have been studied to determine the performance level they would provide, both for a compact passenger vehicle and a 40-ft city bus. The fuel is steam reformed methanol. The analyses indicate that 1978 fuel cell technology can provide a 22 to 50% improvement in fuel economy over the 1980 EPA estimate for the conventionally powered General Motors X car. With this technology the city bus can meet the DOT acceleration, gradability, and top speed requirements. A reasonable advance in fuel cell technology improves performance and fuel consumption of both vehicles substantially.

In the United States the recent termination of funding for research on therapy for incorporated radionuclides has virtually halted progress on improved or new agents and procedures for removing radioactivity from the body. Research was eliminated, but is still needed on new removal agents, improved delivery system, in vitro test systems, and the toxicology of treatments. For many radionuclides, no adequate therapy exists. The relationship between radionuclide removal and reduction in cancer risk is still unanswered. Without proper research support, needed improvements in the treatment for incorporated radionuclides in the US are uncertain.

During four years of on line operation of the SLAC polarized electron gun (PEGGY) and polarized LEED (PLEED) system, we have observed and characterized the failure modes of the GaAs (100) photocathodes (PC's) used in these systems. Several modes are observed. Gradual decreases in electron polarization and intensity are attributed to the physisorption of CO/sub 2/ on the PC's during running at LN/sub 2/ temperatures. Such PC's can be rejuvenated by warming to 90K, i.e., above the CO/sub 2/ desorption temperature. These PC's recover 90% of their original intensity. A second well-characterized failure mode results from overheating the PC during in-situ heat cleaning prior to activation. In this mode, As is preferentially evaporated from the GaAs, leaving a Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer on the surface. This effect has been studied by AES sputter profiling which indicates that the substantial thickness of the oxide layer blocks photoemission. These PC's may only be recovered by chemically removing the oxide layer. A third mode which is not as well characterized appears for thin Ga oxide layers. Properties of these PC's include reduced emission and the presence of a cutoff bias level. Such PC's are also not recoverable in-situ.

The incorporation of toxic or hazardous material in the earth's crust is a phenomenon not unique to radioactive waste burial. Useful insights on the environmental transport and effects of underground toxic or radioactive material can be derived from comparative analysis against natural (mineral) analogs. This paper includes a discussion of the background and rationale for the analog approach, a descripton of several variations of the approach, and some sample applications to illustrate the concept, focusing on Radium-226 and Iodine-129 as specific case studies.

Separate abstracts were prepared for five of the 15 papers and entered in the data base; ten papers were previously entered. (WHK)

The Compact Toroid (CT) and High Density Z-Pinch (HDZP) are two of the plasma configurations presently being studied at Los Alamos. The purpose of these two programs, plus the recently terminated (May 1979) Fast Liner (FL) program, is summarized in this section along with a brief description of the experimental facilities. The remaining sections summarize the recent results and the experimental status.

The application of a single toroidal core, coupled with very simple circuitry, that results in the production of a simple instrument, and eliminates the problems inherent in the Faraday cup technique for the current measurements of the FMIT injector beam is described. (GHT)

A primary objective of the Waste Management Program is to assure that public health is protected. Predictive modeling, to some extent, will play a role in assuring that this objective is met. This paper considers the requirements and limitations of predictive modeling in providing useful inputs to waste management decision making. Criteria development needs and the relation between criteria and models are also discussed.

This paper summarizes the basis for the present optimism in the magnetic fusion program, and describes some of the remaining tasks leading to a demonstration power reactor and the primary technologies necessary for that endeavor.

Separate abstracts were prepared for 9 of the 21 papers and entered in the data base; 11 papers were previously included. (WHK)

The agenda, list of participants, and minutes of the meeting are presented. Included in the appendices are figures, data, outlines, etc. from the following presentations: 500 kW Direct-Contact Heat Exchanger Pilot Plant; LBL/EPRI Heat Exchanger Field Test, Critical Temperature and Pressure Comparisons for n-Butane/n-Pentane Mixtures; Second Law Techniques in the Correlation of Cost-Optimized Binary Power Plants; Outline of Chapter on Geothermal Well Logging; Outline and Highlights from Geothermal Drilling and Completion Technology Development Program Annual Progress: October 1979-September 1980; Geothermal Well Stimulation; World Update on Installed Geothermal Power Plants; Baca No. 1 Demonstration Flask Plant: Technical and Cost Data; Heber Binary Project; 45 mw Demonstration Plant; Raft River 5 mw Geothermal Dual-Boiling-Cycle Plant; Materials Considerations in the Design of Geothermal Power Plants; Raft River Brine Treatment for Tower Make-up; and Site Photographs of Raft River Valley.

SERI is developing a procedure for the validation of Building Energy Analysis Simulation Codes (BEAS). These codes are being used increasingly in the building design process, both directly and as the basis for simplified design tools and guidelines. The importance of the validity of the BEAS in predicting building energy performance is obvious when one considers the money and energy which could be wasted by energy-inefficient designs. However, to date, little or no systematic effort has been made to ensure the validity of the various BEAS. The validation work at SERI consists of three distinct parts: Comparative Study, Analytical Verification, and Empirical Validation. The procedures have been developed for the first two parts, and these procedures have been implemented on a sampling of the major BEAS. Results from this work have shown major problems in two of the BEAS tested. Furthermore, when one building design was run on several of the BEAS, there were large differences in the predicted annual heating loads. The empirical validation procedure will be developed when high quality empirical data become available.

An extensive vibration survey was conducted on the Fast Flux Test Facility piping during the plant acceptance test program. The purpose was to verify that both mechanical and flow induced vibration amplitudes were of sufficiently low level so that pipe and pipe support integrity would not be compromised over the plant design lifetime. Excitation sources included main heat transport sodium pumps, reciprocating auxiliary system pumps, EM pumps, and flow oscillations. Pipe sizes varied from one-inch to twenty-eight-inches in diameter. This paper describes the test plan; the instrumentation and procedures utilized; and the test results.

Young's modulus (E), bulk modulus (K), and the coefficient of thermal linear expansion (..cap alpha..) have been determined for Climax quartz monzonite to 500/sup 0/C and pressures (P) to 55 MPa and for Sudbury gabbro to 300/sup 0/C and 55 MPa. For each rock, both E and K decreased with T and increased with P in a nonlinear manner. In the monzonite, E and K decreased by up to 60% as P decreased from 55.2 to 6.9 MPa isothermally, while the gabbro indicated a decrease up to 70% over the same pressure range. As T increased isobarically, E and K for the monzonite decreased by up to a factor of approx. 80% from 19 to 500/sup 0/C. The moduli of the gabbro decreased by as much as 70% from 19 to 300/sup 0/C. ..cap alpha.. for the monzonite increased with T and decreased with P in a nonmonotonic fashion, with most measured values for ..cap alpha.. greater than values calculated for the crack-free aggregate. Depending on P, ..cap alpha.. in the monzonite increased from 8 to 11.10/sup -6/ /sup 0/C/sup -1/ at 40/sup 0/C to 22 to 25.10/sup -6/C/sup -1/ at 475/sup 0/C. For the gabbro, ..cap alpha.. also generally …

Constant and variable spring supports are used to support the deadweight of piping systems. They are not designed to support pipe seismic loads. They are, however, subject to the base structure accelerations during a seismic event and must continue to support the pipe after the event. This paper discusses the analytical and test techniques used to seismically qualify deadweight supports for the liquid sodium piping on the Fast Flux Test Facility.

The purpose of this paper is to examine in detail the contents of the Education Data Base by analyzing the current distributions of solar energy courses, programs, and curricula offered in our nation's post-secondary educational institutions. A summary of the data base indicates that 892 educational institutions in the United States offer 2308 solar-related courses and 367 programs. The interest in these programs is reflected in the fact that in 1979, 760 institutions offered 1740 solar-related courses and 243 programs. The conclusion is that our nation's post-secondary institutions are responding to student demand and interest in solar energy.

Three model superconducting dipole magnets, lm length and having a bore diameter of 76mm, fabricated without epoxy resins or other adhesives, have been built and the first two have been tested in He I and He II. The conductor is the 23-strand Rutherford-type cable used in the Fermilab Doubler/Saver magnets, and is insulated with Mylar and Kapton. The two-layer winding is highly compessed by a system of structural support rings and tapered collets. Little training was required. Quench currents greater than 95% of short sample were obtained in He I with rise-times of 15 to 20 seconds to a central field of 4.6 T; 6.0 T in Helium II.

Although most large superconducting magnets have been designed using the concept of cryostability, there is increased need for large magnets which operate at current densities above the cryostable limit (greater than 10/sup 8/ Am/sup -2/). Large high current density superconducting magnets are chosen for the following reasons: reduced mass, reduced coil thickness or size, and reduced cost. The design of large high current density, adiabatically stable, superconducting magnets requires a very different set of design rules than either large cryostable superconducting magnets or small self-protected high current density magnets. The problems associated with large high current density superconducting magnets fall into three categories; (a) quench protection, (b) stress and training, and (c) cryogenic design. The three categories must be considered simultaneously. The paper discusses quench protection and its implication for magnets of large stored energies (this includes strings of smaller magnets). Training and its relationship to quench protection and magnetic strain are discussed. Examples of magnets, built at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and elsewhere using the design guidelines given in this report, are presented.

Microprocessors are today properly classified as logic workhorse devices, falling into sequence with gates and flip-flops just a few years ago and with the diode, transistor and discrete component arrays which served before. To be effectively used as a component the micro must be small, easy to use, flexible and inexpensive. We are building self-contained miniature TI 9980/9981-based modules (2 1/2'' x 6'' pc board) which are capable of executing power basic and which feature one RS-232 port and 1024 bytes of random access memory (RAM) for program storage. A logical expansion of this module into an array of several such modules on a single larger circuit card is practical. The multiple modules share access to a single Power Basic ROM set and may be made to share areas of RAM as well. Special considerations necessary for the successful use of Power Basic with 9980/9981 central processors are described in detail.

The new flash x-ray machine (FXR) at LLNL is scheduled for completion in late 1981. This is a 54 module, linear induction accelerator, designed to deliver 500 Roentgen at 1 m as bremsstrahlung from a 20 MeV, 4 kA, 60 ns pulsed electron beam. The 1.5 MV, cold cathode injector makes use of six accelerator modules as voltage sources. High voltage testing of the accelerator modules and their associated pulse forming lines and Marx banks has been completed, and beam tests of the complete injector assembly are in progress. Design information and preliminary test results are presented.

A 16-plane multiwire proportional chamber is used to accurately measure intensity profiles of heavy ion beams at the Bevalac. An imaging capability has now been developed for the system, allowing for reconstruction of 3-dimensional representation of radiological objects using heavy ion beams.