This study investigated how and to what extent music listening was initiated by elementary general music teachers. The specific problems of the study were (1) identification of activities and materials related to music listening and (2) the determination of how and to what extent assigned and assumed music listening was initiated in the selected classrooms. Systematic observation was chosen to investigate these problems. An observation instrument, the Elementary Music Listening Schedule (EMLS), was developed by which eighteen elementary general music teachers were observed during ten lessons.

The physiological role of LCAT has been the subject of a number of recent articles (Glomset, 1979; Nilsson-Ehle et al., 1980). According to most current theories, the enzyme functions in combination with high-density lipoproteins in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway which presumably returns peripheral cholesterol to the liver where cholesterol catabolism takes place. Despite the exciting potential for studies on the catalytic function and the nature of the enzyme-substrate complex, the mechanism of action of LCAT remains largely unexplored. The relatively slow progress in the elucidation of the LCAT reaction mechanism is likely to be due to the difficulties in the isolation of the enzyme in sufficient quantities. Consequently, considerably less is known about the physical and chemical properties of the enzyme. Therefore, the first objective of this investigation was to isolate and purify sufficient amount of enzyme for subsequent characterization studies. The second objective of this investigation was to characterize the physical properties of the enzyme by techniques including analytical ultracentrifugation, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. The third objective of this investigation was to characterize the chemical properties of the enzyme which deals with the amino acid and carbohydrate composition and with some basic structural features …

The purposes of this study were to measure the knowledge and understanding of certain health concepts that are held by international students who attend a large multi-purpose university. The international students took Educational Testing Service's Cooperative Health Education Test (CHET), which was designed for junior high school students, and their mean responses were compared with the CHET ninthgrade national mean scores of American students on selected variables. In addition to demographic variables, the test variables used were consumer health, community health, international health, disease and disorders, personal health care, sex education, growth and development, nutrition, mental health, drug use and abuse, and safety and first aid. The ultimate purpose of the study was to discover the health area conceptions of international students for the use of teachers, curriculum planners, and program evaluators.

This study describes the learning projects of a sample of engineers between the ages of 25 and 35 employed by a single employer in Port Worth, Texas. The problem of this study was the nature and extent of the continuing education programs of young engineers and the implications of these programs to their job requirements and possible employer assistance. The purposes of this study were to determine the number and types of learning projects undertaken each year by engineers with degrees, the number of hours spent by the subjects, the problems experienced, the resources used, the amount of job-related learning projects undertaken, the locations used to pursue learning projects, and whether the learning projects were amenable to assistance from employers.

Drug-induced tardive dyskinesia, an irreversible involuntary movement disorder caused by neuroleptic drugs, may reflect cholinergic hypofunction in the corpus striatum. Therapeutic results have been reported in trials of choline and lecithin, nutritional substrates which may enhance cholinergic neurotransmission. Lecithin's effects on dyskinetic symptoms were examined in 50 male patients in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups; 31 patients were retained in the analytic cohort. Experimental patients were treated with 60 gm/day lecithin (55% phosphatidyl choline) for 11 days. Symptom frequency was rated from videotapes made at baseline, 3 and 11 days of treatment, and 1 week follow-up.

The shape of collision-broadened microwave absorption lines is reviewed, along with a number of other broadening mechanisms. The Anderson and Murphy-Boggs linewidth theories are reviewed in detail. Several published modifications to these theories are reviewed. Computer programs which numerically evaluate linewidths and lineshifts are presented. Approximations are made to reduce the need for extensive use of the modified Bessel functions, thereby reducing computation time. Only dipole-dipole forces are considered.

Autotomy (self-induced loss) of body parts has evolved independently as a predator defense mechanism in several major animal phyla. The mechanism among vertebrates, including 13 of the 20 recognized lizard families, is tail autotomy. Its occurrence among the majority of lizard families offers an excellent opportunity to examine the effects of a major selective force on the ecology and evolution of a group of organisms. The research of this study was designed to examine experimentally (i) the function of tail autotomy, (ii) the function of autotomized tail movement, (iii) the energetics of autotomized tail movement, and (iv) the energetic costs of autotomy of an energy-rich tail to reproduction.

The purpose of this work was to examine the effect of the use the assumption κω2K/ΕCM «1 in calculating K-shell ionization cross sections in the plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) where κω2K is the observed binding energy of the K-shell and ECM is the energy of the incident particle in the center of mass system. Avoiding this assumption produces a threshold for ionization at Ecm = κω2K. Calculations employing the assumption, which leads to the use of approximate limits of integration, do not go to zero for even the .Lowest values of the incident energy.

The Stammbueh or album of Johann Stobaeus, MS Sloane 1021 in the British Library, is dated January 8, 1640. Stobaeus, its owner, was Kapellmeister in Konigsberg, East Prussia. The album contains 164 pieces for ten- or eleven-course lute, including dances, secular pieces with generic titles, and settings of chorale tunes. Other major material includes two short sets of lute instructions; instructions for singers of liturgical music; poems by members of the Komgsberger Diahterkre's; and short rhymes and epigrams, many of which concern the lute. The dissertation presents a complete modern edition of the lute music and lute instructions, with commentary; biographical data concerning Stobaeus, with background material about Konigsberg and East Prussia; a selection of poems and epigrams, featuring all poems concerning the lute; and commentary on the literary material, especially the evidence it provides that the manuscript might have been compiled in its entirety around the written date of 1640, even though the music is old-fashioned.

The purposes of this study were to ascertain the status of managerial decentralization in several types of Nigerian banks, to identify the training needs for managerial decentralization, and finally to develop a model for managerial decentralization for the banks studied if the findings warranted it. The study utilized the "Multiple Case Studies Approach" and four banks were studied. Included in the group of banks was one of the three largest banks in the country, one commercial bank with the full allowable foreign participation, one government owned bank, and one other indigenously owned bank. There were ten manager interviewees at each of the four banks. An interview guide was designed and used to seek information pertaining to six major research questions.

Legislation, arbitral and judicial decisions, and public opinion provide evidence of increasing concern for protecting employees from unfair dismissal in both union and nonunion firms. Management's right to discharge is being questioned today more than at any other time in the history of labor-management relations. Thus, organizations must stay abreast of the developments that affect their right to discharge employees. This study investigates arbitration awards and judicial decisions in discharge cases to provide answers to these questions. Are companies aware of the types of misconduct for which discharge is considered appropriate? Are companies aware of what constitutes the burden of proof requirements in discharge cases? Does management know and follow the proper procedures in handling discharge cases? The purposes of the study are 1. To determine the extent to which discharges were overturned or modified because the company did not meet the burden of proving a reasonable cause for discharge; 2. To determine the extent to which discharges were overturned or modified because the company did not follow proper dismissal procedures; 3. To develop a model set of guidelines to assist companies in the proper handling of discharge cases. These guidelines present criteria for meeting the just cause and procedural …

The problem of this study is to determine the need for and use of in-house secretarial training in manufacturing companies in five selected Louisiana cities. Data for this study were collected by the use of a questionnaire which was devised, validated, and pilot tested. Questionnaires were mailed to 197 personnel/training directors of manufacturing companies in the five largest cities of Louisiana. One hundred thirteen usable responses were received, which represented a 57.4 per cent return. Additional information was obtained through interviews with the personnel/training directors in those companies with in-house secretarial training programs.

The neo-classic movement in Italy, which gained momentum in the early 1920's, was rooted in an instrumental style patterned after that of the Baroque era. The term "new classicism," proposed by Ferruccio Busoni in 1920, represented a reaction against the extreme chromaticism and large performance forces of the late nineteenth century. The pianistcomposer Alfredo Casella, after earlier periods in which he was influenced by such diverse composers as Mahler, Debussy, and Schoenberg, soon became the chief spokesman for the neoclassic movement in Italy. Casella considered the Sinfonia, Arioso and Toccata his most important work for the piano, because of its size and musical content. It is notable for its usage of thematic transformation, much of which is based on the interval of a fourth or fifth. This study includes a formal outline of each movement, showing sectional divisions and tonal regions, as well as illustrations of thematic transformation and intervallic patterns. Also discussed are the work's neoclassic style characteristics, including counterpoint, pandiatonicism, modality, and linear cadential treatment.

The classical normal curve approximation to cumulative hypergeometric probabilities requires that the standard deviation of the hypergeometric distribution be larger than three which limits the usefulness of the approximation for small populations. The purposes of this study are to develop clearly-defined rules which specify when the normal curve approximation to the cumulative hypergeometric probability distribution may be successfully utilized and to determine where maximum absolute differences between the cumulative hypergeometric and normal curve approximation of 0.01 and 0.05 occur in relation to the proportion of the population sampled.

The problem with which this investigation is concerned is the design of a model for student follow-up procedures. This model is based on an analysis of the opinions of community junior college experts on the language and characteristics of a student follow-up system. This study has a twofold purpose. The first is to determine a consensus from the responses of experts on public community junior colleges regarding the important definitions, terminology, and characteristics of a student follow-up system. The second is to develop a model that can be implemented for student follow-up investigations.

The problem of this study was that parental perceptions of the roles and needs related to their children's reading development had not been successfully investigated. The primary purpose of this investigation was to determine parental perceptions of their roles, influence, and skills most needed to assist them relating to their children's reading development; the information sources on which parental beliefs about their role are founded; factors foreseen by parents that might hinder their involvement in that role; parents' preferred mode of receiving desired information relative to their assistance in their children's reading development; and existing variations in parental perceptions.

In 1976, the Louisiana Legislature passed Act 709. This act mandated accountability in education. As a result of this law, Louisiana students in grades four, eight, and eleven are given tests each year in reading, mathematics, and writing. The primary motivation for conducting this study was the wide-spread discussion about the value of the state-assessment program. There was a need to determine what the perceptions toward the Louisiana State-Assessment Program were by superintendents, principals, and teachers. Based upon a review of related literature and discussions with Louisiana educators, a questionnaire was developed with thirty-three items. These thirty-three items were grouped into six research questions that determined what the perceptions of superintendents, principals, and teachers were toward the Louisiana State-Assessment Program.

George Kelly has stated that persons place interpretations, or constructs, on what they perceive. Past research has indicated that subjects more meaningfully apply their own personal constructs to persons and situations than constructs supplied from other sources. This study attempted to confirm previous findings. Sixty-three university students used their own personal constructs, elicited from the Role Construct Repertory Test, and supplied instrumental-expressive role constructs to interpret and rate 12 actors portraying instrumental and expressive behaviors in six videotaped scenes. The purpose of this study is to compare the meaningfulness to subjects of stereotypic terms in a sex-role inventory to the meaningfulness of the subjects' own personal constructs when interpreting typical masculine- and feminine-typed behavior.

During the past 80 years, similar descriptions of a hyperactive behavior pattern in children have appeared in medical, educational, and psychological literature. Hyperactivity has been conceptualized as a character disorder, an organic disorder, and, most recently, as a behavior disorder. In this study, hyperactivity was explained in interactional terms, using Rotter's social learning theory of personality. Little consideration has been given in research to the influence of an abnormally high activity level upon personality development during childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the general influence of negative interactions associated with hyperactivity upon the organization of four personality constructs: locus of control, self-esteem, trait anxiety, and state anxiety.

The present study translated the major theories of obesity into physiological terms, then tested for the ways these theories might find physiological expression. Theoretical positions included the psychoanalytic perspective, emphasizing intrapsychic processes; psychosomatic perspective, emphasizing food as an anxiolytic agent; and Schachterian perspective, emphasizing heightened sensitivity to external stimuli. Additionally, two classificatory distinctions, age at onset of obesity and extent of dietary restraint, were examined. The later distinction suggested that Schachterian findings on obese behavior were due not to obesity, but to a dieting life style.

A variation of the excite-and-probe technique is used to measure the picosecond evolution of laser-induced transient gratings that are produced in germanium by the direct absorption of 40 psec optical pulses at 1.06-μm. Grating lifetimes are determined for free carrier densities between 10¹⁸ cm⁻³ and 10²¹ cm⁻³ . For carrier densities less than 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ , a linear diffusion-recombination model for the grating provides a good fit to the experimental data and allows the extraction of the diffusion coefficient and an estimation of the linear recombination lifetime. Above carrier densities of approximately 10²⁰ cm⁻³ , the density dependence of the diffusion coefficient and nonlinear recombination processes must be considered. Numerical solutions to the resulting nonlinear partial differential equation are obtained that allow extraction of information concerning the high density diffusion coefficient and the nonlinear recombination rates.

A series of picosecond excite-probe experiments was performed on various concentrations of aqueous and ethanolic solutions of rhodamine B in order to determine the existence of dimerization in those solutions. The goals of the research presented in this dissertation were twofold. Initially, various techniques of time-resolved spectroscopy were to be employed to further characterize the ground and excited-state molecular properties of the aqueous RB dimer. The information obtained, and the techniques developed in that study would then be utilized in an effort to secure evidence which would support or refute the claims of rhodamine B dimerization in an ethanolic solution.

This work examines the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) in normal and SV40-transformed monolayer cultures of 3T3 cells as a function of growth and DNA fragmentation. A review of the relevant literature is given in the introduction of this work. Poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis has been implicated in transcription, replication, repair, differentiation and regulation of cell growth. The results of this study suggest that poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis is involved in some aspect of cell-growth control and DNA repair.

The reaction of chlorodimethylvinylsilane with tertbutyllithium was investigated in the presence of several conjugated dienes. In all cases except with 2,5-dimethylfuran, [2+4] cycloadducts of a silene intermediate are obtained in hydrocarbon solvents. The presence of THF in the reaction mixture suppresses the formation of cycloadducts in favor of 1,3-disilacyclobutanes. In the reaction of dimethylethoxyvinylsilane or dimethylmethoxyvinylsilane with tert-butyllithium the main product is the 1,1-dimethyl2-neopentyl-4-(dimethylalkoxysilyl)silacyclobutane. It is concluded that lithium chloride elimination to give silene intermediates occurs in hydrocarbon solvents. In the presence of strong Lewis bases or when the leaving group on silicon is an alkoxy group, the addition reaction giving a-lithiosilanes occurs and products arising from their coupling reactions are obtained.