The described work studied the boundary between closed and open field lines in EBT geometry, with emphasis on the microstability properties. These properties were established primarily for drift waves in the lower hybrid range of frequencies. The transport due to these modes was evaluated by a self-consistent treatment, using quasilinear models in a plasma diffusion code. The model was benchmarked against the EDT experimental results from ORNL and the sensitivity to transport model established. Viscosity was estimated to be negligible compared with anomalous transport. Drift wave turbulence gave a boundary layer size much more consistent with experiment than either collisional transport or Bohm diffusion.

A simple quasilinear model was added of lower hybrid heating to the BALDUR 1-D tokamak transport code. The program was used to simulate PLT and the INTOR reactor design. For PLT a temperature increase of approx. = 2 keV/kW of RF input power was predicted. Quasilinear theory gave slightly less heating than linear theory, because of greater electron edge losses.

Passive pumping of tandem-mirror thermal barriers by a combination of E x B and gradient magnetic field (grad-B) drifts has the advantages of engineering simplicity, low power consumption and selectivity in pumping out trapped thermal ions while retaining high-energy sloshing ions, hot electrons, and central-cell ions. Specifically, installing dc perturbation coils in suitable locations utilizes the differences in the turning points of these populations. In addition, we can dispose of the thermalized alphas and impurities after they diffuse into velocity space accessible to the grad-B pumping. Questions concerning adiabaticity are under investigation through guiding-center drift calculations.

The Supervisory Control and Diagnostic System (SCDS) for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF) consists of nine 32-bit minicomputers arranged in a tightly coupled distributed computer system utilizing a share memory as the data exchange medium. Debugging of more than one program in the multi-processor environment is a difficult process. This paper describes what new tools were developed and how the testing of software is performed in the SCDS for the MFTF project.

A secondary electrochemical cell is described with the positive and negative electrodes separated by a molten salt electrolyte with the negative electrode comprising a particulate mixture of lithium-aluminum alloy and electrolyte and an additive selected from graphitized carbon, Raney iron or mixtures thereof. The lithium-aluminum alloy is present in the range of from about 45 to about 80% by volume of the negative electrode, and the electrolyte is present in an amount not less than about 10% by volume of the negative electrode. The additive of graphitized carbon is present in the range of from about 1 to about 10% by volume of the negative electrode, and the Raney iron additive is present in the range of from about 3 to about 10% by volume of the negative electrode.

In the last year the following experiments have been carried out: (A) magneto-oscillations have been observed in the dislocation drag process, (B) a rotational peak has been observed; this peak is related to the rotation of a magnetic field relative to the slip plane of deforming crystal, (C) twinning of a zinc crystal was shown to be related to the velocity of the dislocations involved. This correspondence between the nucleation of dislocation twinning and dislocation velocity has not been observed before.

Magnetic switching offers an alternative to overcoming the rep-rate and life limitations of the spark gaps in the ETA/ATA induction accelerators. The principle has been applied for many years to radar modulators but at much lower power levels and longer pulse lengths. Comparatively recent developments in magnetic materials together with some optimal circuits have made it possible to go well beyond the state of the art. A magnetic modulator has been built which steps up and compresses a 25 kV, 5 ..mu..s pulse into a 250 kV, 50 ns pulse. A second magnetic modulator has been built and installed to replace four Blumleins and spark gaps in order to provide triggers for the complete ETA injector and accelerator. The paper outlines some practical and theoretical considerations affecting the design of the magnetic pulse generator.

This report develops and demonstrates the methodology for the National Utility Regulatory (NUREG) Model developed under contract number DEAC-01-79EI-10579. It is accompanied by two supporting volumes. Volume II is a user's guide for operation of the NUREG software. This includes description of the flow of software and data, as well as the formats of all user data files. Finally, Volume III is a software description guide. It briefly describes, and gives a listing of, each program used in NUREG.

This volume is a User's Guide to the National Utility Regulatory Model (NUREG) and its implementation of the National Coal Model. This is the second of three volumes provided by ICF under contract number DEAC-01-79EI-10579. These three volumes are: a manual describing the NUREG methodology; a users guide; and a description of the software. This manual provides a brief introduction to the National Utility Regulation Model, describes the various programs that comprise the National Utility Regulatory Model, gives sample input files, and provides information needed to run the model.

This volume is the software description for the National Utility Regulatory Model (NUREG). This is the third of three volumes provided by ICF under contract number DEAC-01-79EI-10579. These three volumes are: a manual describing the NUREG methodology; a users guide; and a description of the software. This manual describes the software which has been developed for NUREG. This includes a listing of the source modules. All computer code has been written in FORTRAN.

A frequency-spectrum analyzer with phase-lock for analyzing the frequency and amplitude of an input signal is comprised of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) which is driven by a ramp generator, and a phase error detector circuit. The phase error detector circuit measures the difference in phase between the VCO and the input signal, and drives the VCO locking it in phase momentarily with the input signal. The input signal and the output of the VCO are fed into a correlator which transfers the input signal to a frequency domain, while providing an accurate absolute amplitude measurement of each frequency component of the input signal.

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A heat pipe configuration is described for use in a magnetic field environment of a fusion reactor. Heat pipes for operation in a magnetic field when liquid metal working fluids are used are optimized by flattening of the heat pipes having an unobstructed annulus which significantly reduces the adverse side region effect of the prior known cylindrically configured heat pipes. The flattened heat pipes operating in a magnetic field can remove 2 to 3 times the heat as a cylindrical heat pipe of the same cross sectional area.

The generalized conjugate gradient scheme based on the k-line block Jacobi splitting A = M-N was studied for solving model two-dimensional parabolic and elliptic difference equations AU = F tilde. A represents the matrix ch/sup ..cap alpha../-h/sup 2/..delta../sub h/. Eigenvalues of M/sup -1/N cluster, and the cluster radii decrease as ch/sup ..cap alpha../ or k increases. Computations with k = 4, 8, 16, 32, and ch/sup ..cap alpha../ = 0, h, 2 are discussed.

A multiple growth run with three 10 cm cartridges was carried out with the best throughput rates and time percentage of simultaneous three-ribbon growth achieved to date in this system. Growth speeds were between 3.2 and 3.6 cm/minute on all three cartridges and simultaneous full-width growth of three ribbons was achieved 47% of the time over the eight-hour duration of the experiment. Improvements in instrumentation and in the main zone temperature uniformity have been two factors that have led to more reproducible growth conditions in the multiple ribbon furnace. Factors influencing ribbon quality are being investigated through the study of the effect of ambient gas species and concentrations on material properties. Growth of ribbon with the cold shoes characteristic of the high-speed systems has shown that the properties of this ribbon respond to ambient changes in much the same way as when no cold shoes are present. The best cell efficiencies attained for 10 cm wide ribbon grown with cold shoes are still below those obtained without cold shoes (10 to 11% versus 12 to 13%, respectively). It has also been shown in these experiments that meniscus CO/sub 2/ and quartz introduced in the melt (contained in graphite crucibles) are …

A significant portion of the cost of fabricating LMFBR fuels is in the non-fuel components such as fuel pin cladding, fuel assembly ducts and end fittings. The contribution of these to fuel fabrication costs, based on FFTF experience and extrapolated to large LMFBR fuel loadings, is discussed. The extrapolation considers the expected effects of LMFBR development programs in progress on non-fuel component costs.

For inertial confinement fusion plasma diagnostics, x-ray diode (XRD) detectors using conventional cathodes are not sensitive enough to measure x-rays above approx. 1.5 keV. However, for laser driver fusion targets, x-rays in the range of 2 to 5 keV are important because of their mobility in the target. We have successfully used fluor-microchannel plate (MCP) detectors to obtain absolute x-ray measurements in the 2 to 5 keV range. Recent data obtained from experiments on the Shiva laser system are presented. In addition, designs for a variety of channels in the range using fluor-MCP and CsI-XRD's above 1.5 keV will be discussed.

An apparatus and method for injecting a substance, such as a radiopharmaceutical, into the bloodstream of a subject is described. The apparatus comprises an injection means, such as a servo controlled syringe, a means for measuring the concentration of that substance in the subject's bloodstream, and means for controlling the injection in response to the measurement so that the concentration of the substance follows a predetermined function of time. The apparatus of the subject invention functions to inject a substance into a subject's bloodstream at a rate controlled by an error signal proportional to the difference between the concentration of the substance in the subject's bloodstream and the predetermined function.

The present invention is directed to a rapid nondestructive method for determining the extent of strain hardening in an article of tungsten-nickel-iron alloy. The method comprises saturating the article with a magnetic field from a permanent magnet, measuring the magnetic flux emanating from the article, comparing the measurements of the magnetic flux emanating from the article with measured magnetic fluxes from similarly shaped standards of the alloy with known amounts of strain hardening to determine the hardness.

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The National Utility Financial Statement (NUFS) model which takes the output for the electric utility sector from the Midterm Energy Forecasting System (MEFS) model and forecasts electric utility financial statements is described. NUFS forecasts separately for public and investor owned utilities, the following tables for each region on an annual basis: income statement; balance sheet; sources and uses of funds; development of revenue requirement on an annual basis; reconciliation of tax expenses, current taxes and income taxes at a 46% statutory rate; interest coverage; external financing as a percent of total uses of funds; AFUDC as a percentage of total uses of funds; book value and market to book rate; dividends per share; and actual return on equity. In addition, NUFS has been designed to supply inputs to the MEFS iterative solution process. The first such input is the fixed charge rates for each plant type. This quantity is used to form the objective function for the MEFS electric utility model. The second set of inputs are for the existing MEFS electricity price forecasting module. These inputs are referred to as pricing coefficients and old money revenue requirements.

This volume is a User's Guide for the National Utility Financial Statement Model (NUFS). This is the second of three volumes describing NUFS provided by ICF Incorporated under contract DEAC01-79EI10579. The three volumes are entitled: Model Overview and Description; User's Guide; and Software Description. This volume describes each necessary input file, discusses user options, and describes the job stream necessary to run the model.

This volume contains a description of the software comprising the National Utility Financial Statement Model (NUFS). This is the third of three volumes describing NUFS provided by ICF Incorporated under contract DEAC-01-79EI-10579. The three volumes are entitled: model overview and description, user's guide, and software guide.

Analyses and experiments will be performed in this program to investigate the performance of single- and multi-stage shallow fluidized beds for possible application to the recovery of heat from sources such as waste heat, and coal combustion or coal gasification. This work is an extension of work done previously under Contracts EC-77-C-03-1433 and DE-AC03-79ET11348. In this program, tests will be conducted to (1) investigate the effects of fouling due to liquid condensate in the gas stream on fluidized bed heat exchanger performance, (2) investigate the performance of fluidized beds which are staged using baffle plates, and (3) investigate the effects of different heat exchanger surface geometries. During the quarter ending 30 September 1981, work progressed in selecting the conditions for that portion of the program involving fouling by a liquid condensate. Modifications were made to the Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger Facility for the fouling experiments and plans were developed for preliminary tests in those investigations.