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Liquid scintillators for optical-fiber applications (open access)

Liquid scintillators for optical-fiber applications

A multicomponent liquid scintillator solution for use as a radiation-to-light converter in conjunction with a fiber optic transmission system. The scintillator includes a quantity of 1, 2, 4, 5, 3H, 6H, 1 OH, tetrahydro-8-trifluoromethyl (1) benzopyrano (9, 9a, 1-gh) quinolizin-10-one (Coumarin) as a solute in a fluor solvent such as benzyl alcohol or pseudo-cumene. The use of BIBUQ as an additional or primary solute is also disclosed.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Franks, L. A. & Lutz, S. S.
Object Type: Patent
System: The UNT Digital Library
Probability of pipe fracture in the primary coolant loop of a PWR plant. Volume 9. PRAISE computer code user's manual. Load Combination Program Project I final report (open access)

Probability of pipe fracture in the primary coolant loop of a PWR plant. Volume 9. PRAISE computer code user's manual. Load Combination Program Project I final report

The PRAISE (Piping Reliability Analysis Including Seismic Events) computer code estimates the influence of earthquakes on the probability of failure at a weld joint in the primary coolant system of a pressurized water reactor. Failure, either a through-wall defect (leak) or a complete pipe severance (a large-LOCA), is assumed to be caused by fatigue crack growth of an as-fabricated interior surface circumferential defect. These defects are assumed to be two-dimensional and semi-elliptical in shape. The distribution of initial crack sizes is a function of crack depth and aspect ratio. PRAISE treats the inter-arrival times of operating transients either as a constant or exponentially distributed according to observed or postulated rates. Leak rate and leak detection models are also included. The criterion for complete pipe severance is exceedance of a net section critical stress. Earthquakes of various intensity and arbitrary occurrence times can be modeled. PRAISE presently assumes that exactly one initial defect exists in the weld and that the earthquake of interest is the first earthquake experienced at the reactor. PRAISE has a very modular structure and can be tailored to a variety of crack growth and piping reliability problems. Although PRAISE was developed on a CDC-7600 computer, it was, …
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Lim, E.Y.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ARES: automated response function code. Users manual. [HPGAM and LSQVM] (open access)

ARES: automated response function code. Users manual. [HPGAM and LSQVM]

This ARES user's manual provides detailed instructions for a general understanding of the Automated Response Function Code and gives step by step instructions for using the complete code package on a HP-1000 system. This code is designed to calculate response functions of NaI gamma-ray detectors, with cylindrical or rectangular geometries.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Maung, T. & Reynolds, G.M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Disaggregating regional energy supply/demand and flow data to 173 BEAs in support of export coal analysis. Final report (open access)

Disaggregating regional energy supply/demand and flow data to 173 BEAs in support of export coal analysis. Final report

This report documents the procedures and results of a study sponsored jointly by the US Department of Transportation and the US Department of Energy. The study was conducted to provide, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)-level production/consumption data for energy materials for 1985 and 1990 in support of an analysis of transportation requirements for export coal. Base data for energy forecasts at the regional level were obtained from the Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. The forecasts selected for this study are described in DOE/EIA's 1980 Annual Report to Congress, and are: 1985 Series, B, medium oil import price ($37.00/barrel); and 1990 Series B, medium oil import price ($41.00/barrel). Each forecast period is extensively described by approximately forty-three statistical tables prepared by EIA and made available to TERA for this study. This report provides sufficient information to enable the transportation analyst to appreciate the procedures employed by TERA to produce the BEA-level energy production/consumption data. The report presents the results of the procedures, abstracts of data tabulations, and various assumptions used for the preparation of the BEA-level data. The end-product of this effort was the BEA to BEA energy commodity flow data by more which serve as direct input to DOT's …
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Multishell inertial-confinement-fusion target (open access)

Multishell inertial-confinement-fusion target

This disclosure relates to fusion targets. It deals particularly with the production of multishell inertial confinement fusion targets. The fuel pellet within such targets is designed to compress isentropically under laser or particle irradiation. When a short pulse at extremely high power density strikes the target containing deuterium-tritium fuel, the resulting plasma is confined briefly by its own inertia. Thermonuclear energy can be released in less time than it takes the fuel pellet to blow apart. However, efficient thermonuclear burn requires that the plasma must remain intact at extremely high temperatures and densities for a time sufficient to allow a large fraction of the nuclei to react. Development of multishell targets has been directed at this problem.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Holland, J.R. & Del Vecchio, R.M.
Object Type: Patent
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alternatives for reducing hot-water bills (open access)

Alternatives for reducing hot-water bills

A two stage approach to reducing residential water heating bills is described. In Stage I, simple conservation measures were included to reduce the daily hot water energy consumption and the energy losses from the water tank. Once these savings are achieved, Stage II considers more costly options for further reducing the water heating bill. Four alternatives are considered in Stage II: gas water heaters; solar water heaters (two types); heat pump water heaters; and heat recovery from a heat pump or air conditioner. To account for variations within the MASEC region, information on water heating in Rapid City, Minneapolis, Chicago, Detroit, and Kansas City is presented in detail. Information on geography, major population centers, fuel prices, climate, and state solar incentives is covered. (MCW)
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Bennington, G.E. & Spewak, P.C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Thermally-induced ventilation in atria: an atrium classification scheme and promising test sites (open access)

Thermally-induced ventilation in atria: an atrium classification scheme and promising test sites

In establishing the atrium classification scheme, specific attention was given to: climate (hot-arid, warm-humid, and temperate), atrium configuration (open, closed, and adjustable tops), and thermal mechanism (natural convection, radiative cooling, shading, and others). Application of the resulting three-dimensional (three-coordinate) matrix was considered and tested. Although the testing was for purposes of checking scheme application, the procedure indicated that most of the atria examined were of the adjustable-top configuration with daylighting the principal functional mode. However, it was noted that thermally-induced air flow was present in many of the atria classified. In the identification of promising test sites it was noted that there appears to be a shortage of buildings which meet the atrium definition. Consequently, prospective test sites were categorized as follows based upon anticipated value to the study: commercial atria already constructed, commercial atria planned or under construction, and residential atria already constructed.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Houston, Texas design/build house. Case study report (open access)

Houston, Texas design/build house. Case study report

The task activities relating to the Houston house, including problems, constructive comments, and successes, are described. Included in appendices are: cost data, methodology for ranking cities, house information sheet, thermal performance analysis, architectural information release, press releases and news clippings, and house pictures. One appendix was abstracted separately. (MHR)
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Borden, J. O. & Porter, C. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bundle duct interaction studies for fuel assemblies. [LMFBR] (open access)

Bundle duct interaction studies for fuel assemblies. [LMFBR]

It is known that the wire-wrapped rods and duct in an LMFBR are undergoing a gradual structural distortion from the initially uniform geometry under the combined effects of thermal expansion and irradiation induced swelling and creep. These deformations have a significant effect on flow characteristics, thus causing changes in thermal behavior such as cladding temperature and temperature distribution within a bundle. The temperature distribution may further enhance or retard irradiation induced deformation of the bundle. This report summarizes the results of the continuing effort in investigating the bundle-duct interaction, focusing on the need for the large development plant.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Hsia, H.T.S. & Kaplan, S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High-Temperature-Turbine Technology Program: Phase II. Technology test and support studies. Design and development of the liquid-fueled high-temperature combustor for the Turbine Spool Technology Rig (open access)

High-Temperature-Turbine Technology Program: Phase II. Technology test and support studies. Design and development of the liquid-fueled high-temperature combustor for the Turbine Spool Technology Rig

The concept selected by Curtiss-Wright for this DOE sponsored High Temperature Turbine Technology (HTTT) Program utilizes transpiration air-cooling of the turbine subsystem airfoils. With moderate quantities of cooling air, this method of cooling has been demonstrated to be effective in a 2600 to 3000/sup 0/F gas stream. Test results show that transpiration air-cooling also protects turbine components from the aggressive environment produced by the combustion of coal-derived fuels. A new single-stage, high work transpiration air-cooled turbine has been designed and fabricated for evaluation in a rotating test vehicle designated the Turbine Spool Technology Rig (TSTR). The design and development of the annular combustor for the TSTR are described. Some pertinent design characteristics of the combustor are: fuel, Jet A; inlet temperature, 525/sup 0/F; inlet pressure, 7.5 Atm; temperature rise, 2475/sup 0/F; efficiency, 98.5%; exit temperature pattern, 0.25; and exit mass flow, 92.7 pps. The development program was conducted on a 60/sup 0/ sector of the full-round annular combustor. Most design goals were achieved, with the exception of the peak gas exit temperature and local metal temperatures at the rear of the inner liner, both of which were higher than the design values. Subsequent turbine vane cascade testing established the need …
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chemistry and stoichiometry of wood liquefaction (open access)

Chemistry and stoichiometry of wood liquefaction

The approximate stoichiometry of liquefaction, from data of two PDU runs and a laboratory run is Wood (100 g) + CO (0.1 - 0.4 Mol) ..-->.. CO/sub 2/ (0.5 - 1.0 Mol) + H/sub 2/O (0.4 - 0.8 Mol) + Product (55 - 64 g). Product includes wood oil, water soluble organics and residues. Water is formed by decomposition, carbon dioxide by decomposition and reduction of wood oxygen by CO. Aqueous products include many carboxylic acids plus a roughly equal percentage of non-acids. The wood oil is divided into a neutral fraction and three phenolic fractions of varying molecular weight. Some specific compounds found in water and oil phases are listed.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Davis, H. G.; Kloden, D. J. & Schaleger, L. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Statistical fracture mechanics approach to the strength of brittle rock (open access)

Statistical fracture mechanics approach to the strength of brittle rock

Statistical fracture mechanics concepts used in the past for rock are critically reviewed and modifications are proposed which are warranted by (1) increased understanding of fracture provided by modern fracture mechanics and (2) laboratory test data both from the literature and from this research. Over 600 direct and indirect tension tests have been performed on three different rock types; Stripa Granite, Sierra White Granite and Carrara Marble. In several instances assumptions which are common in the literature were found to be invalid. A three parameter statistical fracture mechanics model with Mode I critical strain energy release rate as the variant is presented. Methodologies for evaluating the parameters in this model as well as the more commonly employed two parameter models are discussed. The experimental results and analysis of this research indicate that surfacially distributed flaws, rather than volumetrically distributed flaws are responsible for rupture in many testing situations. For several of the rock types tested, anisotropy (both in apparent tensile strength and size effect) precludes the use of contemporary statistical fracture mechanics models.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Ratigan, J.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Structural assessment approach (SAA) input package. Volume 3: User's Manual (physical security) (open access)

Structural assessment approach (SAA) input package. Volume 3: User's Manual (physical security)

The operation and use of the Structured Assessment Approach (SAA) Input Package programming written for a Tektronix 4050 Series Computer is described. The programming consists of the Facility Description Program (described in this volume) and its continuation, the Accounting System Program (planned), plus several service routines. These programs generate the input files that are used by the SAA codes in a mainframe computer, such as the CDC 7600 at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Orvis, W.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Decontamination processes for waste glass canisters (open access)

Decontamination processes for waste glass canisters

The process which will be used to decontaminate waste glass canisters at the Savannah River Plant consists of: decontamination (slurry blasting); rinse (high-pressure water); and spot decontamination (high-pressure water plus slurry). No additional waste will be produced by this process because glass frit used in decontamination will be mixed with the radioactive waste and fed into the glass melter. Decontamination of waste glass canisters with chemical and abrasive blasting techniques was investigated. The ability of a chemical technique with HNO/sub 3/-HF and H/sub 2/C/sub 2/O/sub 4/ to remove baked-on contamination was demonstrated. A correlation between oxide removal and decontamination was observed. Oxide removal and, thus, decontamination by abrasive blasting techniques with glass frit as the abrasive was proposed and demonstrated.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Rankin, W.N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Summary of proceedings: Oklahoma and Texas wind energy forum, April 2-3, 1981 (open access)

Summary of proceedings: Oklahoma and Texas wind energy forum, April 2-3, 1981

The Wind Energy Forum for Oklahoma and Texas was held at the Amarillo Quality Inn in Amarillo, Texas on April 2-3, 1981. Its purpose was to bring together the diverse groups involved in wind energy development in the Oklahoma and Texas region to explore the future commercial potential and current barriers to achieving this potential. Major topics of discussion included utility interconnection of wind machines and the buy-back rate for excess power, wind system reliability and maintenance concerns, machine performance standards, and state governmental incentives. A short summary of each presentation is included.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Nelson, S. C. & Ball, D. E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
New Orleans full-scale trommel evaluation: interim test report (open access)

New Orleans full-scale trommel evaluation: interim test report

This report presents the data from five tests of a full-scale trommel processing unsegregated municipal solid waste at throughtputs ranging from 58% to 175% of design capacity, or 32 to 98 Mg/h (36 to 109 tph). The tests were conducted between December 1980 and March 1981 at the Recovery 1 solid waste processing facility in New Orleans, La. Included in the report are a description of the equipment, discussion of the test procedures and primary summaries of data on the trommel mass balance and separation efficiency, and on the analysis of infeed and product samples for size, composition, density, and moisture. Heat content and ash values of the trommel oversize and recovery results on surrogate aluminum cans and flakes also are reported.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Campbell, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FFTF power-range testing (open access)

FFTF power-range testing

FFTF's ascent to full power was a distinct success. Plant performance and the short time frame required to complete testing clearly illustrated the efforts of all involved in preparing for the initial power ascent. The data obtained will be used as a baseline for further power range testing as the FFTF startup program is completed.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Rapacz, A. J.; Redekopp, R. D. & Waldo, J. B.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Probability of pipe fracture in the primary coolant loop of a PWR plant. Volume 5. Probabilistic fracture mechanics analysis. Load Combination Program Project I final report (open access)

Probability of pipe fracture in the primary coolant loop of a PWR plant. Volume 5. Probabilistic fracture mechanics analysis. Load Combination Program Project I final report

The primary purpose of the Load Combination Program covered in this report is to estimate the probability of a seismic induced LOCA in the primary piping of a commercial pressurized water reactor (PWR). Best estimates, rather than upper bound results are desired. This was accomplished by use of a fracture mechanics model that employs a random distribution of initial cracks in the piping welds. Estimates of the probability of cracks of various sizes initially existing in the welds are combined with fracture mechanics calculations of how these cracks would grow during service. This then leads to direct estimates of the probability of failure as a function of time and location within the piping system. The influence of varying the stress history to which the piping is subjected is easily determined. Seismic events enter into the analysis through the stresses they impose on the pipes. Hence, the influence of various seismic events on the piping failure probability can be determined, thereby providing the desired information.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Harris, D. O.; Lim, E. Y. & Dedhia, D. D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental data for sites in the National Solar Data Network (open access)

Environmental data for sites in the National Solar Data Network

Environmental information collected at the sites of the National Solar Data Network is presented in the form of tables for each solar site. The sites are grouped into 12 zones, each of which consists of several adjacent states. The insolation table presents the total, diffuse, direct, maximum, and extraterrestrial radiation for the solar site. It also shows the ratio of total to extraterrestrial radiation as a percent. The temperature table gives the average, daytime, nighttime, maximum, minimum and inlet-water temperatures for the solar site. All of the passive and some of the active solar sites are equipped with wind sensors which provide information for two wind tables furnishing wind speed and direction. For some sites, a humidity table provides relative humidity values for day and night. It also gives values for the maximum and minimum humidity for each day. A technical discussion of the instruments and measurements used to obtain these data tables is included. (LEW)
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High Energy Laser Facilities at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (open access)

High Energy Laser Facilities at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

High energy laser facilities at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are described, with special emphasis on their use for equation of state investigations using laser-generated shockwaves. Shock wave diagnostics now in use are described. Future Laboratory facilities are also discussed.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Holmes, N. C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Precision-analog fiber-optic transmission system (open access)

Precision-analog fiber-optic transmission system

This article describes the design, experimental development, and construction of a DC-coupled precision analog fiber optic link. Topics to be covered include overall electrical and mechanical system parameters, basic circuit organization, modulation format, optical system design, optical receiver circuit analysis, and the experimental verification of the major design parameters.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Stover, G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
GE: ARSD contribution to LIFE4 documentation. [LMFBR] (open access)

GE: ARSD contribution to LIFE4 documentation. [LMFBR]

Enclosed are GE-ARSD contributions to the LIFE4, Rev. O Programmers Manual which is being compiled by W-ARD. Included are descriptions of subroutines CWASTE, FRACT, GOLDN, GAPCON and PLENP, and a description of the cladding creep rupture models. The documentation is based on the working version of the code as it existed at the end of May, and therefore, some minor revisions may be required when the new master version of the code is created.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Harbourne, B.L. & Hirko, R.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ternary liquid scintillator for optical-fiber applications (open access)

Ternary liquid scintillator for optical-fiber applications

A multicomponent liquid scintillator solution for use as a radiation-to-light converter in conjunction with a fiber optic transmission system. The scintillator includes a quantity of 5-amino-9-diethylaminobenz (a) phenoxazonium nitrate (Nile Blue Nitrate) as a solute in a fluor solvent such as benzyl alcohol. The use of PPD as an additional solute is also disclosed. The system is controllable by addition of a suitable quenching agent, such as phenol.
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Franks, L. A. & Lutz, S. S.
Object Type: Patent
System: The UNT Digital Library
Impact of the 1980 BEIR-III report on low-level radiation risk assessment, radiation protection guides, and public health policy (open access)

Impact of the 1980 BEIR-III report on low-level radiation risk assessment, radiation protection guides, and public health policy

The author deals with the scientific basis for establishing appropriate radiation protection guides, and this effect on evaluation of societal activities concerned with the health effects in human populations exposed to low-level radiation. Methodology is discussed for estimating risks of radio-induced cancer and genetically related ill-health in man, the sources of data, the dose-response models used, and the precision ascribed to the process. (PSB)
Date: June 1, 1981
Creator: Fabrikant, Jacob I.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library