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288
United States Department of Energy Grand Junction Office Reports
249
Argonne National Laboratory Reports
51
Atomic Energy Commission Reports
50
Texas Turkey Poults
43
United States Geological Survey Reports
39
Water Resources Investigations Reports
31
Nuclear Regulatory Commission Reports
23
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Development of a demonstration reactor using thoria as a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst
We have demonstrated experimentally that thorium oxide may be used as a catalyst with CO + H/sub 2/ mixtures to produce either methanol or a mixture of hydrocarbons from C/sub 1/ to C/sub 5/ (saturated and unsaturated). The immunity of ThO/sub 2/ to poisoning by sulfur compounds makes its use very attractive for industrial applications. We are proposing to optimize the experimental conditions of the catalytic process using a one-inch reactor and to scope and define the experimental conditions for a pilot plant demonstration.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Colmenares, C.A. & McLean, W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of computer simulations for landfill methane recovery
Two- and three-dimensional finite-difference computer programs simulating methane recovery systems in landfills have been developed. These computer programs model multicomponent combined pressure and diffusional flow in porous media. Each program and the processes it models are described in this report. Examples of the capabilities of each program are also presented. The two-dimensional program was used to simulate methane recovery systems in a cylindrically shaped landfill. The effects of various pump locations, geometries, and extraction rates were determined. The three-dimensional program was used to model the Puente Hills landfill, a field test site in southern California. The biochemical and microbiological details of methane generation in landfills are also given. Effects of environmental factors, such as moisture, oxygen, temperature, and nutrients on methane generation are discussed and an analytical representation of the gas generation rate is developed.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Massmann, J. W.; Moore, C. A. & Sykes, R. M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of More Efficacious Tc-99m Organ Imaging Agents for Use in Nuclear Medicine by Analytical Characterization of Radiopharmaceutical Mixtures. Progress Report, May 1, 1981-April 30, 1982
The objectives of this year's research were to develop a method for rapidly determining TcO/sub 4//sup -/ in /sup 99/Mo//sup 99m/Tc generator eluates, to improve the ability to chromatographically determine individual Tc-HEDP complexes in radiopharmaceuticals, and to investigate the effects of TcO/sub 4//sup -/ concentration and electrochemical reduction on the types and relative amounts of Tc-HEDP complexes present in a radiopharmaceutical formulation. A rapid and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the quantitative determination of pertechnetate (TcO/sub 4//sup -/) was developed. This HPLC-based analysis may be of considerable utility in assessing the history and function of /sup 99/MO/sup 99m/Tc generators as well as in the routine analysis of reduced technetium radiopharmaceuticals for the presence of undesired TcO/sub 4//sup -/. Encouraging results were obtained on a dimethyl amine column using aqueous (NH/sub 4/)/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ as the mobile phase. The preparation of Tc(NaBH/sub 4/) HEDP radiopharmaceutical analogues using varying concentrations of total TcO/sub 4//sup -/ shows a dramatic effect in the number and distribution of Tc-HEDP complexes over a TcO/sub 4//sup -/ concentration range of 10/sup -2/ to 10/sup -8/M. These results suggest that total TcO/sub 4//sup -/ concentration is an important parameter to be considered in the preparation …
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Heineman, W. R. & Deutsch, E. A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Directory of contractors supported by Division of Nuclear Physics
The directory includes the name of the institution, principal investigator, contract numbers, addresses, and phone numbers. Some contract titles are included. (WHK)
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dispersive Approximations for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws
Necessary and sufficient conditions are given so that the Sobolev-type partial differential equations generate a contraction semigroup. It is shown that any nonlinear contraction from L/sup 1/(R) to itself that preserves the integral and commutes with translations satisfies maximum and minimum principles. This lemma is applied to the solution operator S/sub t/ to give necessary and sufficient conditions that S/t/ satisfy a maximum principle, despite the dispersive nature. Sufficient conditions are given so that the solutions converge, as nu and beta tend to zero, to the entropy solution of the conservation law. A larger class of monotone finite-difference schemes for the numerical solution of the conservation law motivated by finite-difference discretizations of the Sobolev equations, is introduced, and convergence results are proved for methods in this class. The methods analyzed include some that were previously used to approximate the solution of a linear waterflood problem in petroleum engineering.
Date:
December 1981
Creator:
Lucier, Bradley J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DOE ETV-1 electric test vehicle. Phase III: performance testing and system evaluation. Final report
The DOE ETV-1 represents the most advanced electric vehicle in operation today. Engineering tests have been conducted by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in order to characterize its overall system performance and component efficiencies within the system environment. A dynamometer was used in order to minimize the ambient effects and large uncertainties present in track testing. Extensive test requirements have been defined and procedures were carefully controlled in order to maintain a high degree of credibility. Limited track testing was performed in order to corroborate the dynamometer results. Test results include an energy flow analysis through the major subsystems and incorporate and aerodynamic and rolling losses under cyclic and various steady speed conditions. A complete summary of the major output from all relevant dynamometer and track tests is also included as an appendix.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Kurtz, D. W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EBIC/TEM investigations of process-induced defects in EFG silicon ribbon
EBIC and STEM observations on unprocessed and processed EFG ribbon show that the phosphorus diffused junction depth is not uniform, and that a variety of chemical impurities precipitate out during processing. Two kinds of precipitates are found: (1) 10 nm or less in size, located at the dislocation nodes in sub-boundary like dislocation arrangements formed during processing and (2) large precipitates, the chemical composition of which has been partially identified. These large precipitates emit dense dislocations tangles into the adjacent crystal volume.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Cunningham, Brian & Ast, D.G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EBT-P gamma-ray shielding system
An elaborate study was carried out for the coil and biological shield of the ELMO Bumpy Torus proof-of-principle (EBT-P) device. A three-dimensional scoping study for the coil shield was performed for four different shielding options to define the heat load for each component and check the compliance with the design criterion of 10 watts maximum heat per coil from the gamma ray sources. Also, a detailed biological dose survey was performed which included: (a) the dose equivalent inside and outside the building, (b) the dose equivalent from the two mazes of the machine room, and (c) the skyshine contribution to the dose equivalent.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Gohar, Y.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Economic feasibility of solar-thermal industrial applications and selected case studies
The economic feasibility is assessed of utilizing solar energy to augment an existing fossil fuel system to generate industrial process heat. Several case studies in the textile and food processing industries in the southern United States were analyzed. Sensitivity analyses were performed, and comparisons illustrating the effects of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 were made. The economic desirability of the proposed solar systems varied with the type of system selected, location of the facility, state tax credits, and type of fuel displaced. For those systems presently not economical, the projected time to economic feasibility was ascertained.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Montelione, A.; Boyd, D. & Branz, M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Economic Recovery Act of 1981 and tax policies for commercial solar-energy applications
Key tax policies relevant to commercial solar energy applications are outlined. Included are certain changes in depreciation rules and small business federal income tax percentages that were part of the recently enacted Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981. Also, the regulations for business investment and energy tax credits are explained. An example of the effects of the new depreciation schedule on a solar industrial process heat system is given.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Ball, D. E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy and land use
This report addresses the land use impacts of past and future energy development and summarizes the major federal and state legislation which influences the potential land use impacts of energy facilities and can thus influence the locations and timing of energy development. In addition, this report describes and presents the data which are used to measure, and in some cases, predict the potential conflicts between energy development and alternative uses of the nation's land resources. The topics section of this report is divided into three parts. The first part describes the myriad of federal, state and local legislation which have a direct or indirect impact upon the use of land for energy development. The second part addresses the potential land use impacts associated with the extraction, conversion and combustion of energy resources, as well as the disposal of wastes generated by these processes. The third part discusses the conflicts that might arise between agriculture and energy development as projected under a number of DOE mid-term (1990) energy supply and demand scenarios.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy and process substitution in the frozen-food industry: geothermal energy and the retortable pouch
An assessment is made of the possibilities of using geothermal energy and an aseptic retortable pouch in the food processing industry. The focus of the study is on the production of frozen broccoli in the Imperial Valley, California. Background information on the current status of the frozen food industry, the nature of geothermal energy as a potential substitute for conventional fossil fuels, and the engineering details of the retortable pouch process are covered. The analytical methodology by which the energy and process substitution were evaluated is described. A four-way comparison of the economics of the frozen product versus the pouched product and conventional fossil fuels versus geothermal energy was performed. A sensitivity analysis for the energy substitution was made and results are given. Results are summarized. (MCW)
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Stern, M. W.; Hanemann, W. M. & Eckhouse, K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy and solid/hazardous waste
This report addresses the past and potential future solid and hazardous waste impacts from energy development, and summarizes the major environmental, legislation applicable to solid and hazardous waste generation and disposal. A glossary of terms and acronyms used to describe and measure solid waste impacts of energy development is included. (PSB)
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy and technology review
Research programs at Lawrence Livermore Laboratories are described. These include: the generation of intense electron beams for military applications; SYNROC, a permanent means of radioactive-waste storage in synthetic rock compounds; and studies of respiration using a positron camera with radioisotopes produced in the 100-MeV electron linear accelerator. (GHT)
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Stowers, I. F.; Crawford, R. B.; Esser, M. A. & Neal, E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy conservation in electrostatic fabric filtration of industrial dust
Conservation in energy consumption in industrial fabric filtration systems has become very important due to the substantial increase in energy costs. Recently, an external electric field was utilized in the industrial dust control by fabric filters with very promising initial results. A substantial decrease in the pressure drop and an increase in collection efficiency were observed. The detailed outcome of the experimental research program in electrostatic fabric filtration was presented. The results show that pressure drop decreases substantially with the increased electrostatic field strength for all relevant parameters. Furthermore, the data of the experimental program was utilized to develop a semi-empirical model for the determination of the pressure drop and to establish an Energy-Optimized Design Criteria.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Ariman, T.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Estimating fracture parameters from p-wave velocity profiles about a geothermal well
The feasibility of locating fracture zones and estimating their crack parameters was examined using an areal well shoot method centered on Utah State Geothermal Well 9-1, Beaver County, Utah. High-resolution travel time measurements were made between a borehole sensor and an array of shot stations distributed radially and azimuthally about the well. Directional velocity behavior in the vicinity of the well was investigated by comparing velocity logs derived from the travel time data. Three fracture zones were identified form the velocity data, corroborating fracture indicators seen in other geophysical logs conducted in Well 9-1. Crack densities and average crack aspect ratios for these fracture zones were estimated using a self-consistent velocity theory (O'Connell and Budiansy 1974). Probable trends of these fracture zones were established from a combination of the data from the more distant shot stations and the results of a gravity survey. The results of this study indicate that the areal well shoot is a potentially powerful tool for the reconnaisance of fracture-controlled fluid and gas reservoirs. Improvements in methodology and hardware could transform it into an operationally viable survey method.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Jenkinson, John Timothy; Henyey, Thomas L.; Sammis, Charles G.; Leary, Peter C. & McRaney, John K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel for liquid-lithium containment. III. Effect of velocity and lead content. Unabridged final report
The intergranular penetration of specially heat treated 2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel by lead-lithium liquids containing 0, 17.6, and 53 w/o lead has been investigated at temperatures ranging from 300 to 600/sup 0/C and for times to 1000 hours. Limited tests using a 99.3 w/o lead-lithium liquid were also conducted.
Date:
December 1981
Creator:
Wilkinson, Bruce D. & Edwards, Glen R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of models for developing biological input for the design and location of water-intake structures
An approach for assessing multiple stimulus/response relations between fish and water intake structures is presented in this report. The approach stresses stimulus/response relations influencing fish and shellfish distribution and is made up of two methods. The first places emphasis on spatial and temperal distributions of populations; information is presented in the form of a non-predictive model, which allows for organizing information and documenting review processes. The second approach encompasses functional relationships between environmental and biological stimuli and responses of organisms. By using the two methods together, functional relationships can be evaluated to define the distribution of a fish or shellfish species. This information can then be used to resolve questions relating to impingement and entrainment.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Simmons, M. A. & McKenzie, D. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of the current status of hydrogen embrittlement and stress-corrosion cracking in steels
A review of recent studies on hydrogen embrittlement and stress-corrosion cracking in steels shows there are several critical areas where data is either ambiguous, contradictory, or non-existent. A relationship exists between impurity segregation and hydrogen embrittlement effects but it is not known if the impurities sensitize a preferred crack path for hydrogen-induced failure or if impurity and hydrogen effects are additive. Furthermore, grain boundary impurities may enhance susceptibility through interactions with some environments. Some studies show that an increase in grain size increases susceptibility; at least one study shows an opposite effect. Recent work also shows that fracture initiates at different locations for external and internal hydrogen environments. How this influences susceptibility is unknown.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Moody, N.R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of trommels for waste-to-energy plants: Phase 1 report of the Doncaster and Byker test series
The performance testing of two commercial scale trommels, used for size separation of bulk municipal waste and the first phase of the testwork carried out are reported. The commercial scale trommels examined during this testwork are sited at Doncaster and at Byker. The major difference between the two plants is that raw refuse is processed in the Doncaster plant trommel and pulverised refuse in the Byker plant trommel. Both plants produce a magnetic ferrous fraction as well as a refuse derived fuel prepared by upgrading the intermediate sized product from the rotary screen using air classification, magnetic separation, further size reduction and pelletization. However, they differ in many respects; the feed to the Byker trommel is preshredded (-7'') while that at Doncaster is treated as received and the latter plant also has additional facilities for glass and paper recovery. The report provides detailed accounts of the Byker and Doncaster tests and compares the two screening operations highlighting the effects of the major variables investigated. These results highlight the current lack of understanding of trommel processes in that both series unequivocally demonstrate considerable errors in the design ratings assigned to each unit. Accordingly, the results of the Byker tests relate largely …
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Barton, J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of tubular ceramic heat exchanger materials in acidic coal ash from coal-oil-mixture combustion. [Sialon; alumina; CVD, sintered, and siliconized SiC]
Tubes of five ceramic materials were exposed to the hot combustion gases from a coal-oil-mixture (COM) fuel in the Ceramic Recuperator Analysis Facility (CRAF) at about 1200/sup 0/C for about 500 h. Siliconized SiC, sintered ..cap alpha..-SiC, and chemically vapor deposited (CVD) SiC survived the long-term exposure with no major visible degradation. The alumina and sialon tubes were cracked extensively. Acidic coal slag deposited extensively on the upstream surface of all tubes. During cooldown, the slag did not strongly bond to any of the silicon carbide tubes, but a strong bond was developed with the alumina and sialon tubes. The silicon carbides corroded by a micropitting oxidation at the carbide-slag interface. The SiC and Si phases of siliconized SiC corroded at essentially the same rate. Exposure to hot coal slag increased the room-temperature helium permeability of all the SiC-based tubes. For KT and CVD SiC, both upstream and downstream sides exhibited expansion increases up to about 17% at 1000/sup 0/C. Sintered ..cap alpha..-SiC had much smaller increases. Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ had an expansion increase of about 14% on the upstream side at 1000/sup 0/C but the downstream side was unchanged. 65 figures, 22 tables.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Ferber, M. K. & Tennery, V. J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fatty-acid ecology of plankton communities. Progress report, May 1, 1979-February 28, 1982
Distributions of organic constituents in marine communities should yield a worldwide classification scheme within which any localized phenomena would be immediately apparent. This idea was tested on the zooplankton along an environmental gradient extending from Rhode Island Sound, through Narragansett Bay and into its polluted tributary, the Providence River. On the basis of fatty acid composition, both the macro- and microzooplankton could be precisely classified to the habitat of origin. Biochemically the microzooplankton changed uniformly with respect to linear distance though the riverine, estuarine and offshore habitats. In macrozooplankton, the relation between biochemical change and linear distance from the river seaward was a power curve: sharply changing at first, becoming more nearly constant offshore. Particulate pollution in the river merely reinforced natural fatty acid sources in the zooplankton's food - part of a pattern in which environmentally induced effects were expressed inshore, genetic influences offshore. In each habitat species diversity was inversely related to the community's stability of fatty acid composition. These estimates revealed greatest dynamical robustness in the prolific yet simple riverine zooplankton, suggesting that the stable domain of parameter space was likewise greater here than offshore. Despite its diversity, microzooplankton was more dynamically fragile than the macrozooplankton, in …
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Jeffries, H. P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Feasibility study for alternate fuels production: unconventional natural gas from wastewater treatment plants. Volume II, Appendix D. Final report
Data are presented from a study performed to determined the feasibility of recovering methane from sewage at a typical biological secondary wastewater treatment plant. Three tasks are involved: optimization of digester gas; digester gas scrubbing; and application to the East Bay Municipal Utility District water pollution control plant. Results indicate that excess digester gas can be used economically at the wastewater treatment plant and that distribution and scrubbing can be complex and costly. (DMC) 193 references, 93 figures, 26 tables.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Overly, P. & Tawiah, K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Field examination of shale and argillite in northern Nye County, Nevada
Thirty-two locales underlain by clay-rich strata ranging from Cambrian Pioche Shale to Mississippian Chainman Shale and equivalents were examined in northern Nye County, Nevada. The text of the report summarizes data for each stratigraphic unit examined. Checklists for tabulating field data at each locale are included in an appendix. Working guidelines used to evaluate the locales include a minimum thickness of 150 m (500 ft) of relatively pure clay-rich bedrock, subsurface depth between 150 m (500 ft) and 900 m (3000 ft), low topographic relief, low seismic and tectonic activity, and avoidance of areas with mineral resource production or potential. Field studies indicate that only the Chainman Shale, specifically in the central and northern parts of the Pancake Range, appears to contain sites that meet these guidelines.
Date:
December 1, 1981
Creator:
Connolly, J. R.; Woodward, L. A.; Emanuel, K. M. & Keil, K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library