A US Air Force (USAF) Residential Energy Conservation Methodology was developed to compare USAF needs and available data to the procedures of the Residential Conservation Service (RCS) program as developed for general use by utility companies serving civilian customers. Attention was given to the data implications related to group housing, climatic data requirements, life-cycle cost analysis, energy saving modifications beyond those covered by RCS, and methods for utilizing existing energy consumption data in approaching the USAF survey program. Detailed information and summaries are given on the five subtasks of the program. Energy conservation alternatives are listed and the basic analysis techniques to be used in evaluating their thermal performane are described. (MCW)

In 1973 the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Constitution protects a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy, Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, and that a State may not unduly burden the exercise of that fundamental right by regulations that prohibit or substantially limit access to the means of effectuating that decision, Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179. But rather than settling the issue, the Court's rulings have kindled heated debate and precipitated a variety of governmental actions at the national, State and local levels designed either to nullify the rulings or hinder their effectuation. This brief discusses this ongoing issue, including related legislation and judicial history.

The usefulness of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) induction as a measure of low-level radiation effect was examined in a benthic marine worm, Neanthes arenaceodentata. Larvae were exposed to /sup 60/Co radiation for 12 to 24 h at total doses ranging from 0.5 to 309 R and at dose rates from 0.04 to 13 R/h. Animals exposed at intermediate dose rates (0.5, 0.6, 1.25, 2.0, and 2.5 R/h) had SCE frequencies per chromosome about twice that of those receiving no radiation (controls), whereas those exposed at the higher dose rates (7.0 and 13 R/h) had SCE frequencies lower than the controls. Animals exposed at the lower dose rates (0.04 and 0.1 R/h) had lower SCE frequencies than those exposed at intermediate dose rates (and higher SCE frequencies than controls). The length of chromosome pair number one differed among metaphase spreads and was used as an index of chromosome condensation in a given metaphase. Because there is a possibility that chromosome morphology may affect the ability to resolve SCEs, morphology will be monitored in future studies. A preliminary experiment was performed to assess the effects of 2.2 and 11.5 R/h for 24 h on growth and development. Larvae observed at 6 and …

A proposal of using extrapolation algorithms as an analytical - numerical tool for the evaluation of the beam-beam effects in storage rings is formulated. These algorithms already known to experts of Applied Mathematics are described in some detail. Physical models for the beam-beam interaction effects on betatron motion and polarization of a test particle are discussed and put in such a form to allow the application of the extrapolation algorithms.

The potential environmental and socioeconomic impacts of the production of energy contained in hot dry rock (HDR) is surveyed here. In general, careful siting and timing and routine control measures should be adequate to prevent significant environmental harm; sites of particular ecological or visual and recreational value, however, may require more extensive (and more expensive) precautions such as using multiwell pads to reduce land disturbance and dry or wet and dry cooling towers to reduce or eliminate the consumptive use of water. The most important uncertainty among the environmental concerns is the seismic response of HDR formations to short-duration fluid injections at pressures above fracture thresholds; continued monitoring at HDR development sites is necessary. The direct socioeconomic impacts of HDR development should be relatively minor, owing to its capital-intensive nature. Of greater potential importance are the indirect jobs resulting from such development, which could cause significant demographic (and thus fiscal and social) impacts in sparsely populated regions. However, such indirect growth is not expected to begin until a large, stable HDR industry is established in a region, and thus its impacts are expected to be permanent rather than transient.

The tar-sand resources of the US have the potential to yield as much as 36 billion barrels (bbls) of oil. The tar-sand petroleum-extraction technologies now being considered for commercialization in the United States include both surface (above ground) systems and in situ (underground) procedures. The surface systems currently receiving the most attention include: (1) thermal decomposition processes (retorting); (2) suspension methods (solvent extraction); and (3) washing techniques (water separation). Underground bitumen extraction techniques now being field tested are: (1) in situ combustion; and (2) in situ steam-injection procedures. At this time, any commercial tar-sand facility in the US will have to comply with at least 7 major federal regulations in addition to state regulations; building, electrical, and fire codes; and petroleum-industry construction standards. Pollution-control methods needed by tar-sand technologies to comply with regulatory standards and to protect air, land, and water quality will probably be similar to those already proposed for commercial oil-shale systems. The costs of these systems could range from about $1.20 to $2.45 per barrel of oil produced. Estimates of potential pollution-emisson levels affecting land, air, and water were calculated from available data related to current surface and in situ tar-sand field experiments in the US. These …

The high temperature diffusion technique for fuel filling of some future direct drive cryogenic ICF targets may be unacceptable. The following describes a technique of fitting a 1 mm diameter x 6 ..mu..m thick glass microsphere with an approx. 50 ..mu..m O.D. glass fill tube. The process of laser drilling a 50 ..mu..m diameter hole in the microsphere wall, technique for making the epoxy joint between the sphere and fill tube, as well as the assembly procedure are also discussed.

The primary barrier to release of fission product from any of the fuel types into the primary circuit of the HTGR are the coatings on the fuel particles. Both pyrolytic carbon and silicon carbide coatings are very effective in retaining fission gases under normal operating conditions. One of the possible performance limitations which has been observed in irradiation tests of TRISO fuel is chemical interaction of the SiC layer with fission products. This reaction reduces the thickness of the SiC layer in TRISO particles and can lead to release of fission products from the particles if the SiC layer is completely penetrated. The experimental section of this report describes the results of work at General Atomic concerning the reaction of fission products with silicon carbide. The discussion section describes data obtained by various laboratories and includes (1) a description of the fission products which have been found to react with SiC; (2) a description of the kinetics of silicon carbide thinning caused by fission product reaction during out-of-pile thermal gradient heating and the application of these kinetics to in-pile irradiation; and (3) a comparison of silicon carbide thinning in LEU and HEU fuels.

A report to the community on the 1981 Razzle Dazzle.

Conceptual design studies of a cusp field rf ion source are described. A diagram of the thruster is given. (MOW)

Components of the dye-penetrant-testing process were characterized by microanalytical methods. Particulate material of a size range, which was small enough to plug the small leaks in thin-walled cans, was found. Testing of simulated leaks before and after dye-penetrant examination showed that the dye-penetrant testing had a high probability of plugging leaks < 1 x 10/sup -4/ atm-cm/sup 3//s of helium in size.

Baseline data are provided on three species of fish from the Salton Sea, California. The fishes considered were the orange mouth corvina (Cynoscion xanthulus), gulf croaker (Bairdiella icistius) and sargo (Anisotremus davidsonii). Morphometric and meristic data are presented as a baseline to aid in the evaluation of any physiological stress the fish may experience as a result of geothermal development. Analyses were made on muscle, liver, and bone of the fishes sampled to provide baseline data on elemental tissue burdens. The elements measured were: As, Br, Ca, Cu, Fe, Ga, K, Mn, Mi, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Zn, and Zr. These data are important if an environmentally sound progression of geothermal power production is to occur at the Salton Sea.

This is the Final Report and Metrology Report prepared under Lawrence Livermore Laboratory Subcontract 9936205, X-ray Microscope Assemblies. The purpose of this program was to design, fabricate, and perform detailed metrology on an axisymmetric grazing-incidence x-ray microscope (XRMS) to be used as a diagnostic instrument in the Lawrence Livermore Laser Fusion Program. The optical configuration chosen for this device consists of two internally polished surfaces of revolution: an hyperboloid facing the object; and a confocal, co-axial elliposid facing the image. This arrangement is known as the Wolter Type-I configuration. The grazing angle of reflection for both surfaces is approximately 1/sup 0/. The general optical performance goals under this program were to achieve a spatial resolution in the object plane in the soft x-ray region of approximately 1 micron, and to achieve an effective solid collecting angle which is an appreciable fraction of the geometric solid collecting angle.

The DOE Conservation Program for Consumer Products requires the testing of products to determine whether they meet applicable energy-efficiency standards. Certification testing will take place at the manufacturers' facilities, while monitoring and enforcement usually take place at or by an independent test laboratory (ITL). Specifically, monitoring will take place at ITLs except in the case of trade-association programs where testing is generally conducted by trade-association representatives. ITLs will be utilized by DOE for all enforcement testing. Monitoring- and enforcement-test requirements are provided in Sections 2 and 3. Estimates and associated analysis of existing ITL capacity are given in Section 4. Section 5 compares ITL capacity and projected test-facility requirements and examines the cost and difficulty of eliminating projected deficits. A summary and conclusions are presented in Section 6. Appendix A presents an analysis of the sensitivity of projected ITL requirements to changes in key variables.

The main conclusions from these studies are as follows: while the solubilities of Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and chromites in the silicate melts concerned are relatively small under the atmospheric conditions usually prevailing in slagging coal gasifiers, the solubilities increase drastically at extremely low oxygen pressures, under which conditions a substantial fraction of the chromium is present in the silicate liquid as Cr/sup 2 +/. The oxygen pressures at which this situation prevails, however, are somewhat lower than those usually prevailing in coal gasification atmospheres. The lowest liquidus and solidus temperatures in the systems Ca/sub 2/Al/sub 2/SiO/sub 7/-CaAl/sub 2/Si/sub 2/O/sub 8/-MgCr/sub 2/O/sub 4/ systems are not significantly below those of the Ca/sub 2/Al/sub 2/SiO/sub 7/-CaAl/sub 2/Si/sub 2/O/sub 8/ join (approx. 1387/sup 0/C) because of the relatively low solubility of Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/ (and MgCr/sub 2/O/sub 4/) in these silicate melts, as noted above. With increasing Al/sub 2/O/sub 3//Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/ ratios of the refractor phases however, the lowest liquidus and solidus temperatures decrease considerably, as larger amounts of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ or MgAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/ of the refractory phase dissolve in the silicate liquid. The mutual solubilities between Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/- and Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/ end members in the system CaO-Al/sub …

This project is a combined experimental and modeling effort directed to problems in negative ion beam formation that are important in the design and development of high energy neutral injectors for the DOE fusion program. Specifically, the present program is concerned with the electron capture and loss mechanisms and the associated angular scattering effects that govern the production of D/sup -/ via double charge-transfer of D/sup +/ in alkali vapors at energies below 1 keV/amu. The overall aim of this project is to provide guidance in the selection of an optimal D/sup -/ production scheme, both with regard to the choice of target material as well as collision energy.

The construction of an apparatus designed to prepare thin films by physical vapor codeposition is described. This apparatus permits the characterization of the substrate prior to deposition using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, auger electron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and ion scattering spectroscopy. The system permits deposition of thin films by resistively heated boats and electron beam evaporation sources which can be operated simultaneously. The resulting films can be characterized using the above surface analysis techniques without exposure to the atmosphere using a transfer mechanism described in the report.

The National Seismic Stations (NSS) instruments are being developed for seismic monitoring of regional and teleseismic events. They consist of two 3-component, broadband, borehole seismometers: the KS-36000 and the S-700, which is the backup for the KS-36000. Output is divided into frequency bands to reduce data loss due to saturation. Complete block diagrams of the KS-36000 and S-700 NSS seismometers and filters are presented. Both open-loop and closed-loop steady-state amplitude and phase curves are given. Without band-pass filters (but with shaping filters) the KS-36000 has a flat (i.e., between the -3dB points) velocity sensitivity from 0.03 to 23 Hz. With its shaping filters, the S-700 is flat from 0.2 to 40 Hz. The structure of the three band-pass filters (LP, MP, and SP) is superimposed on these velocity sensitivities. Passbands of the resulting overall velocity sensitivity for the KS-36000 are as follows: LP band = 0.01-0.05 Hz, MP band = 0.02-1.3 Hz, and SP band = 1-10 Hz. Step-function responses and phase and group delays are given for each of the bands. The MP-band step response is oscillatory due to its sharp, high-frequency cutoff, but an MP-band filter with a less abrupt cutoff eliminates the oscillation. To generate typical NSS …

Annual report of the Texas Crop and Livestock Reporting Service on turkey breeder hen numbers in Texas and compared with other states. It includes compiled statistics across consecutive years for different breeds on farms, in flocks, by value, and number of hens raised.

The program for the development of ultraviolet radiation curing of paints for application on preformed structures is discussed. The starting point of this program was the matching of resins, photoinitiators, and pigments which will result in coatings that can be cured by ultraviolet radiation. The initial work was the identification of reactive diluents and base resins that are sensitive to the uv curing process. The reactive monomeric diluents tested included multifunctional acrylates, monofunctional acrylates, and non-acrylic unsaturated esters. The end point will be the application of these coatings to prefabricated metal structures to demonstrate the viability of this technique in producing commercially acceptable painted products. These uv curable paints should produce films that are hard, adherent, and opaque at a nominal thickness of one mil (0.001 inch).