The design, operation, calibration, and performance of albedo neutron dosimeters are discussed. An albedo neutron dosimeter is designed to measure the flux of thermal neutrons which leave the body when a person is exposed to fast energy neutrons. The fast neutrons are scattered and moderated in the body, and many have lost most of their initial energy and emerge as thermal neutrons. The albedo neutron dosimeter is designed to detect this flux of thermal neutrons by using a thermal neutron detector. This could be any type of thermal neutron detector but in practical applications lithium fluoride (LiF) thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) are most frequently used. Various types of albedo neutron dosimeters are described. (WHK)

A solvent extraction process is being evaluated for the secondary recovery of plutonium and americium from Rocky Flats waste streams. The bidentate organophosphorus compounds dihexyl-N,N-diethylcarbamylmethylene phosphonate and its dibutyl analogue have been shown to be selective extractants for the actinides from solutions of nitric acid. The results from laboratory test runs in which the organophosphorus extractants were used for processing secondary waste solutions will be presented. Solvent extractant properties and purification procedures are discussed.

A technique is described for transforming cross sections and secondary-particle energies between center-of-mass and laboratory systems for two-body nuclear reactions. The derivations of the relativistic transformations needed for this technique are also reviewed.

Information on the composition of an LMFBR core by element has been collected on the basis of published design data and ORIGEN calculations. The mass quantities of structural materials, actinides, and fission products are in the ratio of 1:1.4:0.1 with actinides, particularly plutonium and neptunium, representing the major inhalation and ingestion hazard. Some of the fission products are present in quantities large enough to suggest that they warrant specific attention in source term analysis.

This Gruy Federal Type III-A geopressured-geothermal (Geo) prospect was drilled as the Pan American Petroleum Corporation (now Amoco) No. 1 State Lease No. 4183, serial No. 1702399670. The well was abandoned in February 1970. it is located 1,200 feet north and 2,300 feet east from the southwest corner of Section 27, Township 15S, Range 4W. The location is shown on the USGS topographic sheet ''Hog Bayou'', a portion of which is included as figure I. The well is accessible by lease roads off State Highway No. 82. A location plat is included as figure II. This Geo prospect is located on State land within the Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge and Game Preserve. The oil and gas leasehold rights are held by production from another well owned and operated by Amoco Production Company and other joint partners.

An air quality problem exists at the Geysers California as a result of hydrogen sulfide (H/sub 2/S) emissions from geothermal power generation. The policy and legal issues engulfing the air quality problem and efforts to mitigate the problem are examined. Estimates are made of the air quality impacts of future generation capacity based on utility electricity supply plans as submitted to California Energy Commission (CEC). The status of current and developing H/sub 2/S abatement technologies is examined for availability and technical characteristics. Analysis is provided on the prospect and consequences of inadequate control of H/sub 2/S emissions. H/sub 2/S control efficiencies of less than 95 percent may ultimately be ineffective if full field development is to be achieved at the Geysers.

The differential cross section measurements for /sup 241/Am, /sup 242m/Am and /sup 243/Am are reviewed in the energy range from 0.5 eV to 10 keV. Parameters extracted from resonance analysis, such as the neutron strength function, the average level spacing, the average capture and fission widths, are compared for the various measurements. The average capture and fission cross sections from 100 eV to 10 keV are directly compared. The status of the data set is discussed with suggestions for further measurements. 24 references.

A process sequence has been proposed and tested for the fabrication of dendritic web silicon into solar modules. This sequence has been analyzed as to yield and cost and these data suggest that the price goals of 1986 are attainable. A number of the processes that make up this sequence have been further developed and studied as to cost reduction. Specifically, it has been shown that a low cost POCl/sub 3/ is a suitable replacement for the semiconductor grade, and that a suitable CVD oxide (either doped or undoped) can be deposited from a silane/air mixture using a Silox reactor. A dip coating method has been developed for depositing an antireflection coating from a metal-organic precursor. Application of photoresist to define contact grids has been made cost effective through use of a dip coating technique. Electroplating of both Ag and Cu has been shown feasible and cost effective for producing the conductive metal grids on the solar cells. Laser scribing has been used to separate the cells from the dendrites without degradation. Ultrasonic welding methods have been shown to be feasible for interconnecting the cells. A study of suitable low cost materials for encapsulation suggest that soda lime glass and …

The program measures described in this document comprise a grant request to DOE under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 and the Energy Conservation and Production Act of 1976. The amount requested, $5,555,000, will allow the extension, acceleration, and implementation of energy conservation activities already in progress in California. Accomplishments to date have included the adoption of residential standards, and the implementation of an energy survey program for public buildings. Efficiency standards have been established for refrigerators and room and central air conditioners, appliances which utilize a significant amount of residential energy. Before the end of 1977, efficiency standards will be established for clothes dryers, washers, and water heaters. Program elements are: technical/financial assistance; public awareness; standards setting; solar element; research/analysis/evaluation; and coordination and management.

High temporal and spatial resolution optical diagnostics of laser performance, energy balance, and applicable plasma probing techniques are reviewed. A variety of spatially, temporally and spectrally resolved x-ray diagnostics techniques and instruments as discussed. Particular emphasis is on high spatial resolution imaging techniques and applications and on high temporal resolution x-ray streak camera applications to exploding pusher target experiments. Finally, particle diagnostics and systems designed to diagnose target performance via yield and temperature measurements and techniques designed to determine the characteristics of compressed targets are discussed.

Nondestructive analyses of plutonium can be made by detecting and measuring the gamma rays emitted by a sample. Although qualitative and semiquantitative assays can be performed with relative ease, only recently have methods been developed, using computer analysis techniques, that provide quantitative results. This paper reviews some new techniques developed for measuring plutonium. The features of plutonium gamma-ray spectra are reviewed and some of the computer methods used for spectrum analysis are discussed. The discussion includes a description of a powerful computer method of unfolding complex peak multiplets that uses the standard linear least-squares techniques of data analysis. This computer method is based on the generation of response profiles for the isotopes composing a plutonium sample and requires a description of the peak positions, relative intensities, and line shapes. The principles that plutonium isotopic measurements are based on are also developed, followed by illustrations of the measurement procedures as applied to the quantitative analysis of plutonium liquid and solid samples.

DOE is currently funding a study to determine if recent advances in line focus technology provide this solar concept with an economic potential comparable to the first generation Point Focus central receiver system for generation of electricity. This report was prepared in support of this effort and has the following specific objectives: (1) Determine the High Temperature Line Focus System (HTLFS) performance and cost goals required for the system to be economically competitive with first generation PFS; (2) Identify HTLFS plant physical and operational characteristics; and (3) Determine HTLFS sensitivities to capital equipment cost and subsystem efficiencies. A simplified analytical model was developed to determine the annual electrical energy generating capabilities and the plant capacity factor while accounting for both the daily and annual variation in solar position. The PFS performance data were based on recent DOE studies, while the HTLFS performance was obtained from sources at the Jet Propulsion Laboratories and at the Stanford Research Institute. The performance models were combined with the standard DOE economic model to generate the annual cost of electricity in terms of mills/kWh. Both the PFS and HTLFS were analyzed with this model using identical performance, operational and economic ground rules. The performance and …

The growing awareness of the hazards of chemicals in the environment has resulted in the passing of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) on Oct. 11, 1976. This paper attempts to cover some of the salient features of Public Law 94-469, EPA's approach to implementation of its provisions, and some of a chemist's perceptions of TSCA's prospects of success.

High temporal and spatial resolution optical diagnostics of laser performance, energy balance, and applicable plasma probing techniques are reviewed. A variety of spatially, temporally and spectrally resolved x-ray diagnostics techniques and instruments are discussed. Particular emphasis is on high spatial resolution imaging techniques and applications and on high temporal resolution x-ray streak caera applications to exploding pusher target experiments. Finally, particle diagnostics and system designed to diagnose target performance via yield and temperature measurements and techniques designed to determine the characteristics of compressed targets are discussed.

Catalyzed biomass gasification studies are being conducted by Battelle's Pacific Northwest Laboratories. Investigations are being carried out concurrently at the bench and process development unit scales. These studies are designed to test the technical and economic feasibility of producing specific gaseous products from biomass by enhancing its reactivity and product specificity through the use of specific catalysts. The program is directed at controlling the gasification reaction through the use of specific catalytic agents to produce desired products including synthetic natural gas, ammonia synthesis gas (H/sub 2//N/sub 2/), hydrogen, or syn gas (H/sub 2//CO). Such gaseous products are currently produced in tonnage quantities from non-renewable carbonaceous resources, e.g., natural gas and petroleum. The production of high yields of these specified gases from biomass is accomplished through optimization of gasification conditions and proper choice of catalytic agents. For instance, high yields of synthetic natural gas can be attained through gasification with steam in the presence of gasification catalyst such as trona (Na/sub 2/CO/sub 3/ . NaHCO/sub 3/ . 2H/sub 2/O) and a nickel methanation catalyst. The gasification catalyst enhances the steam-biomass reaction while the methanation catalyst converts gaseous intermediates from this reaction to methane, the most thermodynamically stable hydrocarbon product. This direct …

The average mean wind speed integrated over a disk is shown to be extremely close to the mean value of wind speed which would be measured at the center of a disk for most geometries in which a WECS (Wind Energy Conversion System) would operate. Field test results are presented which compare instantaneous records of wind speed integrated over a disk with the wind speed measured at the center of the disk. The wind field that a rotating element would experience is presented which has been synthesized from the outputs of an array of anemometers.

Gas-Cooled Reactors are considered to have a significant future impact on the application of fission energy. The specific types are the steam-cycle High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor, the Gas-Cooled Fast Breeder Reactor, the gas-turbine HTGR, and the Very High-Temperature Process Heat Reactor. The importance of developing the above systems is discussed relative to alternative fission power systems involving Light Water Reactors, Heavy Water Reactors, Spectral Shift Controlled Reactors, and Liquid-Metal-Cooled Fast Breeder Reactors. A primary advantage of developing GCRs as a class lies in the technology and cost interrelations, permitting cost-effective development of systems having diverse applications. Further, HTGR-type systems have highly proliferation-resistant characteristics and very attractive safety features. Finally, such systems and GCFRs are mutally complementary. Overall, GCRs provide interrelated systems that serve different purposes and needs; their development can proceed in stages that provide early benefits while contributing to future needs. It is concluded that the long-term importance of the various GCRs is as follows: HTGR, providing a technology for economic GCFRs and HTGR-GTs, while providing a proliferation-resistant reactor system having early economic and fuel utilization benefits; GCFR, providing relatively low cost fissile fuel and reducing overall separative work needs at capital costs lower than those for LMFBRs; HTGR-GT (in …

The interaction of possible nonoxide containment materials (including boron nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium carbide, and two cerium sulfides) with uranium or carbon has been examined by thermal analysis techniques. Additionally, nonoxide-ceramic interaction with beryllia, tungsten, or yttria was investigated. Hafnium carbide is the least reactive nonoxide ceramic tested.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Authority of the county auditor to audit bond monies held by the county sheriff.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Authority of state agency to enter into conciliation agreement providing back wages to person who claims employment discrimination.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Voting rights in limited partnerships.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a rubber stamp may be used by a district clerk as his official seal.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Separation of barber shop and beauty shop housed in the same building.

This status report includes brief reports on measurements and calculations of quantities for nuclear data applications and data for reactor safety. Separate abstracts were prepared for those items with a significant amount of data. (RWR)