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America's Exiles (open access)

America's Exiles

Article discusses the history of voluntary as well as involuntary migration of American Indian tribes westward with the encroachment of white settlers, and the impact of treaties created with the United States government.
Date: Spring 1976
Creator: Gibson, Arrell M.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Stress and Death in the Settlement of Indian Territory (open access)

Stress and Death in the Settlement of Indian Territory

Article discusses the tragedy and distress that occurred during the relocation process and settlement of Indian Territory by American Indian tribes.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Howard, Robert Palmer & Allen, Virginia E.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 4, Winter 1976-77 (open access)

For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 4, Winter 1976-77

For the Record section from Volume 54, Number 4, Winter 1976-77. It includes the minutes of the quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on July 29, 1976. It also includes a gift list for the second quarter of 1976 and lists of new annual and new life members of the OHS.
Date: Winter 1976
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 4, Winter 1976-77 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 4, Winter 1976-77

Notes and Documents section for Volume 54, Number 4, Winter 1976-77. It includes documents about award winners and nominations, a letter from an army officer about a skirmish on the Washita River, and an an essay by George Shirk promoting the preservation of heritage on the bicentennial of the United States.
Date: Winter 1976
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Creek Colonization in Oklahoma (open access)

Creek Colonization in Oklahoma

Article describes the diverse history of Creek Nation, factionalism, leadership, relations with the United States government, treaties, and wars.
Date: Spring 1976
Creator: Savage, William W., Jr.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chickasaw Colonization in Oklahoma (open access)

Chickasaw Colonization in Oklahoma

Article describes the history of Chickasaw people, including the troubles they faced with loss of land in treaties with the United States government, liquor traffic, and removal west. Blue Clark provides context to their history as a warrior nation and the ways they established new communities despite being under duress.
Date: Spring 1976
Creator: Clark, Blue
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Seminole Colonization in Oklahoma (open access)

Seminole Colonization in Oklahoma

Article describes the history of Seminole origins, leadership, warfare, treaties with the United States government, and complex pattern of being uprooted and transplanted through droughts and battles.
Date: Spring 1976
Creator: Welsh, Louise
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Indian Colonization in the Cherokee Outlet and Western Indian Territory (open access)

Indian Colonization in the Cherokee Outlet and Western Indian Territory

Article describes the colonization of American Indian tribes in the Cherokee Outlet and Western Indian Territory, providing detailed background to their forced removal and the struggles they faced.
Date: Spring 1976
Creator: Hampton, Carol
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 1, Spring 1976 (open access)

For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 1, Spring 1976

For the Record section from Volume 54, Number 1, Spring 1976. It includes the minutes of the quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on October 23, 1975. It also includes a gift list for the third quarter of 1975 and lists of new annual and new life members of the OHS.
Date: Spring 1976
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 1, Spring 1976 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 1, Spring 1976

Notes and Documents section from Volume 54, Number 1, Spring 1976. It includes an announcement about the printing of Mark of Heritage: Oklahoma's Historic Sites, the Oklahoma Trackmaker series, the Oklahoma Historical Society's Series in Anthropology, honors, and a memorial.
Date: Spring 1976
Creator: Wright, Muriel H. (Muriel Hazel), 1889-1975; Shirk, George H.; Franks, Kenny A. (Kenny Arthur), 1945- & Blaine, Martha Royce
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oklahoma's First Book: "Istutsi in Naktsoku" (open access)

Oklahoma's First Book: "Istutsi in Naktsoku"

Article explores the history behind Oklahoma's First Book, Istutsi in Naktsoku, an elementary school primer in a written form of the Creek language by Reverend John Fleming. Guy Logsdon explores the process of alphabetizing the Creek language and the impact of mission work on the Osage, Cherokee, and Creek Nations.
Date: Summer 1976
Creator: Logsdon, Guy
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The United States Congress and the Release of the Apache Prisoners of War at Fort Sill (open access)

The United States Congress and the Release of the Apache Prisoners of War at Fort Sill

Article describes the situation in Congress with regards to releasing Apache prisoners of war at Fort Sill, and the political ramifications of legislation determining land allotments.
Date: Summer 1976
Creator: Turcheneske, John Anthony, Jr.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Indian Records in the Oklahoma Historical Society Archives (open access)

Indian Records in the Oklahoma Historical Society Archives

Article discusses the acquisition of a large collection of records related to American Indian history by the Oklahoma Historical Society, and the complications that ensued during the process. Lawrence C. Kelly also lists the extent and of this collection and includes figures.
Date: Summer 1976
Creator: Kelly, Lawrence C.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Red River War of 1874--An Enlisted Man's Contribution (open access)

The Red River War of 1874--An Enlisted Man's Contribution

Article describes the details behind Sergeant John Bontwell Charlton's service in the Red River War of 1874, as well as the disastrous impact the war had on Plains tribes.
Date: Summer 1976
Creator: Pate, J'Nell
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 2, Summer 1976 (open access)

For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 2, Summer 1976

For the Record section from Volume 54, Number 2, Summer 1976. It includes the minutes of the quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on January 29, 1976. It also includes a gift list for the fourth quarter of 1975 and lists of new annual and new life members of the OHS.
Date: Summer 1976
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 53, Number 4, Fall 1976 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 53, Number 4, Fall 1976

Notes and Documents section for Volume 54, Number 3, Fall 1976. It includes documents pertaining to events of historical significance, awards and ceremonies, and individual contributions to Oklahoma history.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Governor Lee Cruce and Law Enforcement, 1911-1915 (open access)

Governor Lee Cruce and Law Enforcement, 1911-1915

Article describes the efforts of Governor Lee Cruce to enforce prohibition and anti-gambling laws during his tenure, and the opposition he faced in Oklahoma politics from legislators as well as the public.
Date: Winter 1976
Creator: Casey, Orben J.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Sooner NRA: New Deal Recovery in Oklahoma (open access)

The Sooner NRA: New Deal Recovery in Oklahoma

Article describes the impact of the National Recovery Administration and other New Deal policies in Oklahoma, as well as resistance by local government authorities such as Governor Will "Alfalfa Bill" Murray.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Ware, James
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Bawling Cattle and Barking Brakemen: An Oklahoma Railroad Memory (open access)

Bawling Cattle and Barking Brakemen: An Oklahoma Railroad Memory

Article describes the cooperation of the railroad and cattle industries in the late nineteenth centuries and highlights specific recollections of cattle drivers in the area.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Hofsommer, Donovan L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Cherokee Script Issuance of 1862 (open access)

The Cherokee Script Issuance of 1862

Article describes the Cherokee script issuance of 1862 by the Cherokee Council and National Committee. James F. Morgan also provides historical context about Cherokee leadership and factionalism during this time.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Morgan, James F.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oklahoma's State Flag as a Commemorative Stamp (open access)

Oklahoma's State Flag as a Commemorative Stamp

Article describes the creation and printing process of Oklahoma's state flag as a commemorative stamp.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Shirk, George H.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Fort Coffee and Frontier Affairs, 1834-1838 (open access)

Fort Coffee and Frontier Affairs, 1834-1838

Article describes the situation at Fort Coffee during the early nineteenth century, including relations with American Indian tribes on the border, liquor traffic, and military affairs.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Littlefield, Daniel F., Jr. & Underhill, Lonnie E.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 3, Fall 1976 (open access)

For the Record, Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 54, Number 3, Fall 1976

For the Record section from Volume 54, Number 3, Fall 1976. It includes the minutes of the annual meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society and the minutes of the quarterly board meeting that were both held on April 29, 1976. It also includes a gift list for the first quarter of 1976 and lists of new annual and new life members of the OHS.
Date: Autumn 1976
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Struggle for Railroads in the Oklahoma Panhandle (open access)

The Struggle for Railroads in the Oklahoma Panhandle

Article discusses the stake major railroad companies had in the Oklahoma Panhandle as the need for transportation of cattle and goods increased, leading to legal and political conflict over ownership and use of the land.
Date: Winter 1976
Creator: Floyd, Fred
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History