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1976 intercomparison of personnel dosimeters (open access)

1976 intercomparison of personnel dosimeters

The second Personnel Dosimeter Intercomparison Study (PDIS) was conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's DOSAR Facility during the period February 18-19, 1976. Eleven independent organizations participated in an intercomparison of neutron and gamma-ray dosimeters used for routine personnel dosimetry. The dosimeters, which were shipped to the DOSAR Facility, were exposed at the Health Physics Research Reactor to one of three ''standardized'' radiation fields which have been used for the past several years for intercomparing nuclear accident dosimeters. The results of PDIS reveal that estimates of dose equivalent vary over a wide range. For a given radiation field these dose estimates may vary by more than a factor of 2, indicating the need for continued evaluation of the response of personnel dosimeters used in mixed fields of neutron and gamma radiation.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Gilley, L. W.; Dickson, H. W. & Christian, D. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 101, No. 23, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 101, No. 23, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Lenamon, James L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Altus Times-Democrat (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 50, No. 286, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976 (open access)

The Altus Times-Democrat (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 50, No. 286, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Gilmore, Robert K. & Hart, Sandra
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Analyses of grain boundary reactions in aluminum--zinc alloys utilizing lattice imaging electron microscopy (open access)

Analyses of grain boundary reactions in aluminum--zinc alloys utilizing lattice imaging electron microscopy

Lattice imaging and conventional transmission electron microscopy have been applied in an investigation of the relationship between grain boundary structure and boundary-nucleated phase transformations. The study encompassed three reactions associated with grain boundaries in the Al-Zn system: heterogeneous nucleation at grain boundaries, discontinuous precipitation involving the R-phase and the low temperature discontinuous reaction. In conjunction with image computations, lattice images were interpreted using direct fringe spacing measurements, microdensitometer traces and optical diffraction, providing superior capabilities in structural and chemical analysis. Errors of less than or equal to 1% were achieved by only 10-fringe samplings using an internal magnification standard.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Gronsky, R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of binary vapor turbines (open access)

Analysis of binary vapor turbines

The effect the binary mixture has on the turbine is examined in terms of design and cost. Several flow theories for turbines and turbine blading are reviewed. The similarity method, which uses dimensionless parameters, is used in determining rotative speeds and diameters for a variety of inlet temperatures and exit pressures. It is shown that the ratio of exit to inlet specific volume for each component in the mixture is the same for each specie. The specific volume ratio constraints are combined with the temperature equalities, the condenser pressure, and the total inlet entropy to form the constraints necessary to determine the exit state uniquely in an isentropic expansion. The non-isentropic exit state is found in a similar manner. The expansion process is examined for several cases and compared with the expansion of a single component vapor. Finally, in order to maintain high efficiency and to meet the criteria which makes the similarity method valid at high inlet temperatures, turbine multistaging is examined and a sample case is given for a two stage turbine.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Bliss, R. W.; Boehm, R. F. & Jacobs, H. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of small-sample reactivity worths in the Fast Test Reactor Engineering Mockup Critical (open access)

Analysis of small-sample reactivity worths in the Fast Test Reactor Engineering Mockup Critical

Small-sample reactivity worths were computed and compared with measurements at core center and along a radial traverse of the Fast Test Reactor Engineering Mockup Critical (FTR-EMC). The computed worths were obtained with first order perturbation theory using real and adjoint neutron fluxes from 42-group X-Y diffusion theory calculations. The perturbation denominator (importance-weighted neutron production rate) was obtained from three-dimensional X-Y-Z calculations. For most of the calculated worths, cross sections were from the FTR Set 300S library (essentially ENDF/B version III data); however, ENDF/B version IV delayed neutron parameters were used to generate the necessary conversion factor to allow comparison of measured and calculated worths. At core center the C/E values were 1.14 to 1.33 for plutonium samples, 1.11 for a depleted uranium sample, 0.97 to 1.05 for boron, 0.89 to 1.08 for europia, 1.4 for stainless steel and 2.6 for iron oxide.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Dobbin, K. D. & Daughtry, J. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of well tests with variable discharge (open access)

Analysis of well tests with variable discharge

The development of a general technique of analyzing well tests with variable flow rates is reported. The variable flow is approximated by a series of sequential straight line segments of arbitrary length and slope. (MHR)
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Tsang, C. F.; McEdwards, D. G.; Narasimhan, T. N. & Witherspoon, P. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of Well Tests with Variable Discharge (open access)

Analysis of Well Tests with Variable Discharge

The conventional methods of well tests analysis usually assume a constant rate of discharge of the producing well. The procedure involves matching a log-log plot of test data (drawdown versus time) to analytic or semi-analytic solutions that are based on a model of the production well as a line source of constant strength in an infinite reservoir. However, variable discharge well test conditions may arise under a variety of conditions, such as existing well-field production schedules, step-drawdown tests, and influence of the pumping water level on the production rate. It is very desirable to have the capability to reliably interpret data from the tests. In fact, the present study was prompted by a set of recent geothermal well test data in which due to various mechanical problems, the flow rate during the first 70 hours of production varied widely and could not effectively be treated as a mean constant rate. The present paper reports the development of a general technique of analyzing well tests with variable flow rates. This method will make it possible to do well test analyses when a constant discharge flow rate is difficult to maintain, and permit detection of boundaries even in situations where there is …
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Tsang, Chin Fu; McEdwards, D. G.; Narasimhan, T. N. & Witherspoon, P. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analytical methods for fissionable materials in the nuclear fuel cycle. Progress report, July 1, 1975--September 30, 1976 (open access)

Analytical methods for fissionable materials in the nuclear fuel cycle. Progress report, July 1, 1975--September 30, 1976

Progress continued on development of dissolution techniques for difficult-to-dissolve nuclear materials, development of methods and automated instruments for determinations of plutonium and uranium, preparation of plutonium-containing materials for the Safeguards Analytical Laboratory Evaluation (SALE) program, analysis of SALE uranium materials, and measurement of plutonium isotope half-lives. Gas-solid reactions at elevated temperatures using reactive gases such as chlorine continue to show promise for separating uranium from refractory materials. An extensive study of nonaqueous solvents for the dissolution of refractory materials is in progress. An extraction-separation procedure, highly specific for microgram amounts of uranium, has been developed, and its adaptation to the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) automated spectrophotometer is being evaluated. Development of an electrometric analysis method for plutonium is nearing completion, and design of an automated instrument using the method has been started. Batches of plutonium oxide and mixed uranium--plutonium, intended for issue as Secondary Reference and Calibration Test Materials, are being recharacterized for assay and isotopic contents. The half-life of /sup 239/Pu has been determined by isotope-dilution mass-spectrometric measurement of /sup 235/U grow-in as a function of time.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Waterbury, G. R. (comp.)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual report for fiscal year 1976, July 1975--September 1976. [USA Northeast regional studies] (open access)

Annual report for fiscal year 1976, July 1975--September 1976. [USA Northeast regional studies]

The BNL Regional Studies Program is part of a national effort supported by the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) to create an energy assessment capability sensitive to regional conditions, perceptions, and impacts. Within ERDA, this program is supported by the Division of Technology Overview and includes, in addition to a concern for health and environmental impacts of energy systems, analysis of the complex trade-offs between economics, environmental quality, technical considerations, national security, social impacts, and institutional questions. The Brookhaven Program focuses on the Northeast including the New England States, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia. The content of the program is determined through an identification of the major energy planning issues of the region in consultation with state and regional agencies. A major component of the program in 1976 was the Northeast Energy Perspectives Study which examined the implication of alternative energy supply-demand possibilities for the region. In 1977 a major component is the northeast portion of the National Coal Utilization Assessment carried out in collaboration with several other laboratories in other regions of the United States.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Meier, P M
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual report for FY 1976 on project AN0115A: the migration of plutonium and americium in the lithosphere (open access)

Annual report for FY 1976 on project AN0115A: the migration of plutonium and americium in the lithosphere

Studies have been carried out on the migration of plutonium and americium in solutions flowing through porous and crushed rock and through fissures. The migration process can be described in terms of the surface absorption of these elements. In addition, chemical effects on the absorption have been observed. One of these effects is possibly due to the presence of a plutonium polymer that migrates at a more rapid rate than normal plutonium.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Fried, S; Friedman, A M; Hines, J J; Atcher, R W; Quarterman, L A & Volesky, A
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Application of FORSS sensitivity and uncertainty methodology to fast reactor benchmark analysis (open access)

Application of FORSS sensitivity and uncertainty methodology to fast reactor benchmark analysis

FORSS is a code system used to study relationships between nuclear reaction cross sections, integral experiments, reactor performance parameter predictions, and associated uncertainties. This paper presents the theory and code description as well as the first results of applying FORSS to fast reactor benchmarks. Specifically, for various assemblies and reactor performance parameters, the nuclear data sensitivities were computed by nuclide, reaction type, and energy. Comprehensive libraries of energy-dependent coefficients have been developed in a computer retrievable format and released for distribution by RSIC and NNCSC. Uncertainties induced by nuclear data were quantified using preliminary, energy-dependent relative covariance matrices evaluated with ENDF/B-IV expectation values and processed for /sup 238/U(n,f), /sup 238/U(n,..gamma..), /sup 239/Pu(n,f), and /sup 239/Pu(..nu..). Nuclear data accuracy requirements to meet specified performance criteria at minimum experimental cost were determined.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Weisbin, C. R.; Marable, J. H.; Lucius, J. L.; Oblow, E. M.; Mynatt, F. R.; Peelle, R. W. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Application of Thermal Depletion Model to Geothermal Reservoirs with Fracture and Pore Permeability (open access)

Application of Thermal Depletion Model to Geothermal Reservoirs with Fracture and Pore Permeability

The useful lifetime of a geothermal resource is usually calculated by assuming fluid will be produced from and reinjected into a uniform porous medium. However, most geothermal systems are found in fractured rock. If the reinjection and production wells intersect connected fractures, then reinjected fluid may cool the production wells much sooner than would be predicted from calculations of flow in a porous medium. We have developed a “quick and dirty” method for calculating how much sooner that cooling will occur (Kasameyer and Schroeder, 1975, 1976). In this paper, we discuss the basic assumptions of the method, and show how it can be applied to the Salton Geothermal Field, the Raft River System, and to reinjection of supersaturated fluids. 6 refs., 6 figs.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Kasameyer, P.W. & Schroeder, R.C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
APPLICATION OF TURBOMACHINERY IN SOLAR-ASSISTED RANKINE COOLING SYSTEMS (open access)

APPLICATION OF TURBOMACHINERY IN SOLAR-ASSISTED RANKINE COOLING SYSTEMS

This report presents the results of a preliminary study concerning the use of high speed turbomachinery in a solar-assisted Rankine cooling cycle. The use of Rankine cycles in solar powered cooling of buildings involves a solar collector to provide energy to heat and vaporize a working fluid. Energy is extracted from this vapor in an expansion engine that is used to drive an air conditioning vapor compressor. In a typical Rankine cycle, the maximum temperature at the inlet to the expander is limited to the temperature of the fluid leaving the solar collector. Because of the relatively low temperature capability associated with inexpensive collectors the efficiency of the Rankine cycle is generally low. This low efficiency results in low coefficient of performance values for the solar powered cooling system. In an effort to improve Rankine cycle efficiency, a solar-assisted approach was presented in NSF report RA-N-75-012, by Dr. Henry Curran. In this approach solar energy vaporizes the working fluid at a low temperature using solar collectors; the vapor is subsequently superheated to a higher temperature using fossil fuel, thereby allowing the potential of much improved Rankine cycle efficiency as compared to a typical cycle. Water was selected as the working …
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Leech, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Aransas Pass Progress (Aransas Pass, Tex.), Vol. 68, No. 38, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976 (open access)

The Aransas Pass Progress (Aransas Pass, Tex.), Vol. 68, No. 38, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976

Weekly newspaper from Aransas Pass, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Assessment of very high-temperature reactors in process application. Appendix I. Evaluation of the reactor system (open access)

Assessment of very high-temperature reactors in process application. Appendix I. Evaluation of the reactor system

In April 1974, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (now the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA)) authorized General Atomic Company, General Electric Company, and Westinghouse Electric Corp., Astronuclear Laboratory, to assess the available technology for producing heat using very high-temperature nuclear reactors. An evaulation of these studies and of the technical and economic potential of very high-temperature reactors (VHTR) is presented. The VHTR is a helium-cooled graphite-moderated reactor. The concepts and technology are evaluated for producing process stream temperatures of 649, 760, 871, 982, and 1093/sup 0/C (1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, and 2000/sup 0/F). There are a number of large industrial process heat applications that could utilize the VHTR.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Jones, J. E. Jr. & Spiewak, I.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Bank Building]

Photograph of the Bank Building (located at 200-202 Main) in Marble Falls, Texas.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Texas Historical Commission
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Bank Building]

Photograph of the Bank Building (located at 200-202 Main) in Marble Falls, Texas.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Texas Historical Commission
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
Basic research on ceramic materials for energy storage and conversion systems. Progress report, December 1, 1975--November 30, 1976. [Tl/sub 2/ZnI/sub 2/, In/sub 4/CdI/sub 6/, Tl/sub 4/CdI/sub 6/, and In/sub 2/ZnI/sub 4/; solid electrolytes and electrodes] (open access)

Basic research on ceramic materials for energy storage and conversion systems. Progress report, December 1, 1975--November 30, 1976. [Tl/sub 2/ZnI/sub 2/, In/sub 4/CdI/sub 6/, Tl/sub 4/CdI/sub 6/, and In/sub 2/ZnI/sub 4/; solid electrolytes and electrodes]

The present research program involves utilizing appropriate experimental probes for measuring the movement of ionic and electronic charge carriers in ceramic materials suitable for solid electrolyte and electrode applications in high-performance, secondary battery and fuel cell systems. Special emphasis is placed on developing: (1) a better understanding of the effects of structure, impurities and composition on charge carrier transport mechanisms in such materials; and (2) detailed knowledge of the kinetics and mechanism of reactions occurring (on a microscopic scale) at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces of energy storage and conversion systems.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Whitmore, D. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 54, No. 355, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 54, No. 355, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Brown, Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Bellaire & Southwestern Texan (Bellaire, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 11, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976 (open access)

The Bellaire & Southwestern Texan (Bellaire, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 11, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 1, 1976

Weekly newspaper from Bellaire, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Thompson, Susan
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Benefit analysis of reprocessing and recycling light water reactor fuel (open access)

Benefit analysis of reprocessing and recycling light water reactor fuel

The macro-economic impact of reprocessing and recycling fuel for nuclear power reactors is examined, and the impact of reprocessing on the conservation of natural uranium resources is assessed. The LWR fuel recycle is compared with a throwaway cycle, and it is concluded that fuel recycle is favorable on the basis of economics, as well as being highly desirable from the standpoint of utilization of uranium resources. (LK)
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biological conversion of biomass to methane. Quarterly progress report, September 1, 1976--November 30, 1976 (open access)

Biological conversion of biomass to methane. Quarterly progress report, September 1, 1976--November 30, 1976

During the past quarter all experimental systems have become operational. The earlier problems with equipment acquisition have delayed the progress somewhat. However, most of these problems have been overcome such that the experimental programs have been initiated. This report will concentrate on the manure fermentation portion of this project. The study relating to the effect of reactor design is underway, but the results are too preliminary to evaluate. Therefore, no data from this activity will be reported.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Pfeffer, J T
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Borehole Geophysics in Geothermal Wells--Problems and Progress (open access)

Borehole Geophysics in Geothermal Wells--Problems and Progress

Surface geophysical techniques are readily adaptable to exploration for and evaluation of geothermal reservoirs because existing equipment and interpretive models can be used. In contrast, the application of borehole geophysics for these same purposes requires the development of equipment to operate dependably in the very hostile environment of some geothermal wells. After equipment ahs been developed and tested, its response must be calibrated with respect to required parameters such as lithology and porosity. This is difficult in geologic environments where there is practically no experience in well-log interpretation. The desired final products are reliable data to guide exploration for geothermal systems, and to aid in reservoir evaluation, modeling, and development, in the ways in which well logs are routinely used in the petroleum industry. Researchers in geothermal exploration are still some years from achieving the level of application already attained in petroleum exploration and development. This deficiency is receiving some attention from the U.S. Energy Research and Development Agency (ERDA) and the U.S. Geological Survey. The two agencies cosponsored a workshop on Geophysical Measurements in Geothermal Wells in September 1975 (Baker, Baker, and Hughen, 1975). Sandia Laboratories had previously summarized the state-of-the-art in a report on “Well-Logging Technology and Geothermal …
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Keys, W. Scott
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library