A glovebox ventilation system was designed for a new plutonium-238 processing facility that provided 1) downdraft ventilation, 2) a leak tight seal around the High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters, and 3) a method for changing the filters internally without risk of contaminating the laboratory.

Information is presented concerning wind data collections and analysis; Hart power demand and consumer usage; wind power assessment; hydro power assessment; results of preliminary economics analysis; environmental impact of wind turbines and operation in the Hart, Oceana County, Michigan area; and systems model for the Hart power system with wind turbine. (DCC)

The goal of the GTF (Geothermal Test Facility) Test Program is to evaluate the geothermal resources in the Niland area and determine if they can be effectively converted into electric power. This program will examine the four critical areas of geothermal power development: (I) reservoir analysis, (II) energy extraction and conversion, (III) environmental effects, and (IV) operation and maintenance. These areas are discussed and a detailed test program is presented.

Designs for changes to the existing crystal casting furnace and multi-wafer slicer were completed prior to the contract. Equipment supplies necessary for the modifications and silicon material were ordered during the first one and one-quarter month period covered. Assembly preparation and check-out of all systems are on schedule. (auth)

The work reported includes studies of reactions between core materials and coolant impurities, basic fission product transport mechanisms, core graphite development and testing, the development and testing of recyclable fuel systems, and physics and fuel management studies. Materials studies include irradiation capsule tests of both fuel and graphite. Experimental procedures and results are discussed and the data are presented in tables, graphs, and photographs. (auth)

Trace element studies have been carried out under strictly controlled dietary conditions in adult males during different calcium intakes. Complete metabolic balances of cadmium, copper, zinc, lead, manganese, and nickel were determined in each 6-day metabolic period by analyzing the constant diet and the urinary and fecal excretions of these naturally occurring elements. In addition to the trace element studies, $sup 85$Sr studies were carried out in man in order to complete previously initiated investigations. (auth)

The microelectronics capability at Sandia Laboratories spans the complete range of component activity from initial design to final assembly into subsystems and systems. Highly reliable, radiation-tolerant devices and integrated circuits can be designed, fabricated, and incorporated into printed circuit assemblies or into thick- or thin-film hybrid microcircuits. Sandia has an experienced staff, exceptional facilities and aggressive on-going programs in all these areas. The authors can marshall a broad range of skills and capabilities to attack and solve problems in design, fabrication, assembly, or production. Key facilities, programs, and capabilities in the Sandia microelectronics effort are discussed in more detail in this booklet.

The principal objective of the research is to develop the means to identify and optimize practical systems for heating and cooling of buildings with solar energy in the United States. This will be done through simulation methods. Secondary objectives are to: extend and refine TRNSYS (a modular solar energy system simulation program); develop the means of supporting TRNSYS users in other laboratories; use TRNSYS (and other simulation programs) to develop design procedures for solar heating and cooling processes; design and evaluate an experimental solar heating system on a Wisconsin farm residence.

This document details information pertaining to a study of fish populations in the Columbia River. The main focus of the study was the sand roller. This fish was found in the Hanford reach of the river. Topics discussed include: The life history and behavior of the fish.

This report summarizes research conducted during FY 1975 on the parametric systems analysis of fusion central power stations. As described in the report the methodology being pursued provides for a phased analysis starting with simple ''nominal'' parameters and associated computer codes and progressing to more complex functional models and then to physically based mathematical models for the systems of major significance in future power station viability. The nominal parameter analysis for preliminary screening only derives from consideration of extant reactor point designs and defines a nominal 5000 MWt reactor with either a 900 or 1250 K peak blanket coolant temperature. Functionalized performance and cost models are described for helium Brayton cycle, steam Rankine cycle and binary cycle electric power generation systems.

The development program for HTGR fuel reprocessing continues to emphasize the design and construction of a prototype head-end line. Design work on the multistage crushing system, the primary and secondary fluidized bed burners, the pneumatic transfer systems, and the ancillary fixtures for semiremote assembly and disassembly is essentially complete. Fabrication and receipt of all major components is under way, and auxiliary instrumentation and support systems are being installed. Studies of flow characteristics of granular solids in pneumatic transfer systems are continuing and data are being collected for use in design of systems for solids handling. Experimental work on the 20-cm primary fluidized bed burner verified the fines recycle operating mode in runs of greater than 24 hr. Twelve leaching runs were performed during the quarter using crushed, burned-back TRISO coated ThC/sub 2/ particles and burned-back BISO coated sol gel ThO/sub 2/ particles to examine the effect of varying the Thorex-to-thoria ratio to give product solutions ranging from 0.25M to 1M in thorium. Only minor effects were observed and reference values for facility operations were specified. Two-stage leaching runs with burned-back ThC/sub 2/ indicate there are no measurable differences in total dissolution time as compared to single-stage leaching. Bench-scale tests on …

Controlled thermonuclear reactors will involve pumping operations with tritium that may involve pressures ranging from submillipascals to megapascals. A variety of pumps is available that can cover portions of this range, and these can be staged to cove the entire pressure range. Some of these pumps can be adapted to virtually any size requirement currently anticipated. Special attention must be paid to operating features and construction materials.

A large Leitz Universal Toolmakers' Microscope, Model UWM, was modified for use in an explosive environment defined by the National Electric Code as a rating of Class II, Group G. Use of the explosion-proof (EP) microscope provided a means for dimensionally measuring delicate pressed explosive material without contacting the material and subjecting it to possible contamination and mechanical destruction. Inexpensive design concepts, material, and hardware were used to effect the modifications of explosion-proofing. The accuracy, sensitivity, and repeatability of the Toolmakers' Microscope were not altered by the modification. (auth)

An ultrasonic method was developed for nondestructive inspection of the structural integrity of the 20-mil (0.0508-cm) thick iridium hemispheres that are used in the fabrication of Multihundred Watt (MHW) radioisotopic heat sources. A hemisphere was considered unacceptable if a back-surface ultrasonic response change was equivalent to that obtained from a 0.010-in. (0.0254-cm) diameter flat-bottomed hole in the standard. Flaws were detected in hemispheres made by the initial fabrication process. Typical flaws found ultrasonically in these units and revealed by metallography are shown. Hemispheres formed after a change to a different fabrication process were free of flaws. (auth)

Interfacing of the Perkin Elmer model 3920 gas chromatograph with the CEC 21-110B mass spectrometer has been completed and the GC/MS system is presently being made operational. Detailed descriptions of the heated-probe assembly and the rapid mass-scanning module are given. The field ionization (FI) source for the CEC 21-110B mass spectrometer is routinely operational. Reproducibility of ion abundances using this source has been investigated using a Synthoil sample and a sample of hydrogenated anthracene oil. For both samples the average percent deviations in the ion abundances are 8.90 and 9.48 percent, respectively. Application of the technique of FI mass spectrometry to semi-quantitative analysis of coal type mixtures has been explored using known samples. The consequences of sensitivity data on the analytical results have been considered. For known samples relative weight and relative mole sensitivities have been determined with respect to naphthalene. Although inclusion of sensitivity data increases the accuracy of the analysis, reasonable estimates of sample composition can be obtained without their use. (auth)

This correspondence provides a discussion of purported hazards of nuclear energy production and weapons research. The possibility of atmospheric burn and oceanic burn are discounted, and the cross sections of Nitrogen are investigated and the concentration of D[sub 2]O in the oceans are considered. In conclusion, extremely conservative calculations demonstrated that it is completely impossible for either the earth`s atmosphere or sea to sustain fusion reactions of either thermonuclear nuclear chain reaction type. And, in particular, such reactions cannot be triggered by the explosion of nuclear weapons, even those having unrealistically high yield and impractical high yield-to-weight.

This paper reviews recent developments and applications of ultrafast diagnostic techniques for x-ray measurements. These techniques, based on applications of image converter devices, are already capable of significantly important resolution capabilities. Techniques capable of time resolution in the sub-nanosecond regime are being considered. Mechanical cameras are excluded from considerations as are devices using phosphors or fluors as x-ray converters.

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Study 1 of this contract is entitled ''Evaluation of World Experience and Properties of Materials for Encapsulation of Terrestrial Solar-Cell Arrays.'' The approach of this study is to review and analyze world experience and to compile data on properties of encapsulants for photovoltaic cells and for related applications. The objective of the effort is to recommend candidate materials and processes for encapsulating terrestrial photovoltaic arrays at low cost for a service life greater than 20 years. The objectives of Study 2, ''Definition of Encapsulant Service Environments and Test Conditions,'' are to develop the climatic/environmental data required to define the frequency and duration of detrimental environmental conditions in a 20-year array lifetime and to develop a corresponding test schedule for encapsulant systems. (WDM)

The core component pot is an open top vessel used to hold both new and irradiated core components for storage in the IDS and for holding the components submerged in sodium while being trasported inside CLEM. The top of the CCP is equipped with a grapple lip which is engaged by the hoisting grapples. Heat for maintaining the preheat of new components and dissipation of decay heat of irradiated fuel assemblies is conducted between the wall of the pot and the surrounding environment by thermal radiation and convection.

A nondestructive technique for the determination of the atomic ratios of plutonium-238, -240, -241 and americium-241 relative to plutonium-239 using high- resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy was developed. Results are discussed as they apply to various compositions of plutonium-239 material, some of which have been subjected to chemical analysis. Progress to date on an automated plutonium assay system is described. This system utilizes calorimetry and high-resolution gamma- ray spectroscopy. It also features a computer controlled X, Y, Z sample-handling system as well as automated data acquisition and reduction. (auth)

High-quality, off-axis parabolic reflectors, required by the CTR and laser-fusion programs at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL) and other ERDA laboratories, are currently manufactured by hand. There are several drawbacks to this method, including lead times of up to a year, costs in excess of $75,000 for a small reflector, and unsatisfactory limits to the tolerances obtainable. This situation has led to a search for cheaper and more accurate methods of manufacturing off-axis paraboloids. An alternative method, turning the workpiece about its axis on a diamond-turning machine, is presented, and the equations describing the necessary tool movement are derived. A discussion of a particular case suggests that the proposed technique is feasible. (auth)

The Livermore Regional Air Quality (LIRAQ) model comprises a set of computer programs that have been integrated into an easily used tool for the air quality planner. To assemble and modify the necessary data files and to direct model execution, a problem formulation program has been developed that makes possible the setup of a wide variety of studies involving perturbation of the emission inventory, changes to the initial and boundary conditions, and different choices of grid size and problem domain. In addition to describing the types of air quality problems for which the LIRAQ model may be used, this User's Guide provides detailed information on how to set up and conduct model simulations. Also included are descriptions of the formats of input data files so that the LIRAQ model may be applied to regions other than the San Francisco Bay Area.

The influence of radioactivity on the behavior of aerosol particles is a subject of potential importance to scientists attempting to predict aerosol concentration levels in containments following postulated nuclear reactor accidents. The purpose of this report is twofold: (1) to postulate, in a general manner, possible physical mechanisms resulting from a particle's radioactivity which may influence its transport, deposition, agglomeration and possible resuspension in accident situations, and (2) to present order of magnitude calculations which demonstrate the importance of each mechanism in aerosol behavior predictions. The influencing mechanisms have been divided into three categories: internal heat generation, momentum exchange effects, and electrical charging effects. Aside from one possible mechanism due to electrical charging effects, each of the physical schemes presented as exerting possible influences on the behavior of aerosol particles in postulated accident situations have been found to be negligible. It is felt that localized ''hot spots'' within nonconductive dust layers or agglomerates may, in fact, lead to particle ejections. The scheme requires verification that, indeed, localized ''hot spots'' do exist in the dust layer and that the particles in the ''hot spots'' retain their charge for a sufficient length of time for the coulombic forces to overcome the London-Van …