The analysis of the data for a storm on April 4, 1964, showed that in spite of all efforts to obtain a dynamically and internally consistent three-dimensional analysis of conventional wind, pressure, and temperature data, there remain ambiguities of 50 to 100 miles in the horizontal location of the boundaries of the stratospheric air. Missing wind data and temperature errors, though not disastrous in routine meteorological analysis, can seriously affect the potential vorticity computations for several isentropic surfaces. Trajectory analyses introduce additional errors. Aircraft measurements of fallout beta activity, when carefully planned and made at map time, can improve the precision to 1000 feet in the vertical, and to a few miles in the horizontal. This precision is necessary for conclusive proof of the capture of radioactive particles from the stratosphere by precipitating clouds. However, for large-scale global studies of fallout transport, errors of 50 to 100 miles in the location of air parcels with certain potential. During the 1963 study, it was found that the flow patterns at different levels were seriously affected by coding and plotting errors in the radiosonde data which often escape attention in conventional upper air analyses.

Absorption of short-pulse electromagnetic energy by a resistively loaded straight wire is examined. Energy collected by the wire, load energy, peak load currents, and peak load voltages are found for a wide range of parameters, with particular emphasis on nuclear electromagnetic pulse (EMP) phenomena. A series of time-sequenced plots is used to illustrate pulse propagation on wires when loads and wire ends are encountered. (auth)

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Three forms of potential geothermal energy may exist in the State of Texas: hot rocks in the Trans Pecos region, convection type geothermal water in the Rio Grande Rift basin, and geopressured geothermal water along the Gulf Coast. Of these, only the geopressured waters have been verified. Exploration wells for oil and gas have established the presence of deep hot water deposits along the coastal area, offshore and inland for 75 miles. These exist in thick shale and sand beds in the geopressured zone. The most favorable area appears to be at depths of 12,000 to 15,000 feet where the temperatures range from 300 to 400/sup 0/F. Indications are that a series of relatively small, 10 to 50 megawatt, power plants could be located along the coastal plain of Texas. These plants could produce at least 20,000 megawatts and possibly as much as 100,000 megawatts under the most favorable conditions. Cost of the power appears to be in the range of 25 to 35 mills per kilowatt hour in 1980 providing the water is saturated with natural gas which could be sold to offset some of the cost. If the gas is present, at least 6 billion cubic feet per …

Removal by atmospheric processes of routinely and accidentally released tritium from a controlled thermonuclear reactor (CTR) was investigated. Based on previous studies, the assumed form of the tritium for this analysis was HTO, or tritiated water vapor. Assuming a CTR operation in Morris, Illinois, surface water and ground-level air concentration values of tritium were computed for three space (or time) scales: local (50 Km of a plant), regional (up to 1000 Km of the plant), and global. (auth)

The monoenergetic steady-state integral neutron transport equation is solved analytically for several simple source configurations for pure absorbers. Specifically, the scalar neutron flux, phi(r), is derived for configurations in cartesian geometry representing the point, infinite line, infinite plane, finite line, infinite ribbon, finite ribbon, infinite tube, and finite box sources. Some of these configurations (point, infinite line, and infinite ribbon sources) were investigated previously by Case, deHoffmann and Placzek and are reviewed here for completeness. The others are more complex and represent new analytic solutions against which multidimensional numerical transport calculational codes may be tested. (auth)

Research progress is reported on method development for the dissolution of difficult-to-dissolve materials, the automated analysis of plutonium and uranium, the preparation of plutonium materials for the Safeguard Analytical Laboratory Evaluation (SALE) Program, and the analysis of HTGR fuel and SALE uranium materials. The previously developed Teflon-container, metal-shell apparatus was applied to the dissolution of various nuclear materials. Gas-- solid reactions, mainly using chlorine at elevated temperatures, are promising for separating uranium from refractory compounds. An automated spectrophotometer designed for determining plutonium and uranium was tested successfully. Procedures were developed for this instrument to analyze uranium--plutonium mixtures and the effects of diverse ions upon the analysis of plutonium and uranium were further established. A versatile apparatus was assembled to develop electrotitrimetric methods that will serve as the basis for precise automated determinations of plutonium. Plutonium materials prepared for the Safeguard Analytical Laboratory Evaluation (SALE) Program were plutonium oxide, uranium-- plutonium mixed oxide, and plutonium metal. Improvements were made in the methods used for determining uranium in HTGR fuel materials and SALE uranium materials. Plutonium metal samples were prepared, characterized, and distributed, and half-life measurements were in progress as part of an inter-ERDA- laboratory program to measure accurately the half-lives of …

This report includes the application of gas tracer techniques to the definition of reactor leakage flow lines.

There are several alternative equations which describe slow crack growth by stress corrosion. Presently available data suggest that an alternative form may be preferable to the form which is most often used, but the issue cannot be clearly decided. Presently available stress corrosion data on glasses and ceramics suggest that rocks in a proposed geothermal reservoir will crack readily over long time periods, thus seriously limiting the operation of this type of power source. However, in situ hydrofracturing measurements together with a theoretical treatment suggest that such a reservoir will contain a relatively high pressure over a long period of time without further cracking. Further experimentation is desirable to measure directly the critical stresses for crack growth rates on the order of 10/sup -7/ m/sec.

Progress is reported for a program to demonstrate by 1976 an experimental gas turbine powered automobile which meets the 1978 Federal Emissions Standards, has significantly improved fuel economy, and is competitive in performance, reliability, and potential manufacturing cost with the conventional piston engine powered, standard size American automobile. The endurance engine was modified to incorporate a power turbine drive to the regenerators in order to simulate free rotor (upgraded) conditions. A portable baseline engine fixture complete with controls, intake, exhaust, and transmission is being assembled for odor evaluation. An additional 502 engine hours were accumulated on ceramic regenerators and seals. No core or seal failures were experienced during engine test. Initial fixture tests of zirconia seals show torque levels comparable with nickle oxide seals against the same matrix. An ambient compensation schedule was devised for the upgraded engine integrated control, and the integrated control system specifications were updated. A proposed hydromechanical automotive continuously variable ratio transmission (CVT) was evaluated and approved for preliminary development. Tests of heat rejection to the oil for lined versus linerless insulated engine assemblies indicated no heat loss penalty in omitting the metal liners. A study was made of various power turbine rotor assemblies and a …

Topics covered include: fitting many-body theories into the theory of atomic spectra and collisions; variation of atomic properties along the periodic system; angular distribution of collision products (electron-atom collisions); application of atomic points of view to crystal lattice phenomena; and double photoionization of neon. (GHT)

Research activities during the period Oct. 1, 1975 to Sept. 30, 1976 are described. Areas include: post-adiabatic approximation; other studies of two-electron excitations; ionization by electron collision; properties of highly stripped ions; angular distribution of collision products; application of atomic points of view to crystalline and molecular phenomena; interaction of electrons with polar molecules; and line profiles and threshold intensities. (GHT)

The basic notions of Bayesian reliability estimation from attribute lifetest data are presented in an introductory and expository manner. Both Bayesian point and interval estimates of the probability of surviving the lifetest, the reliability, are discussed. The necessary formulas are simply stated, and examples are given to illustrate their use. In particular, a binomial model in conjunction with a beta prior model is considered. Particular attention is given to the procedure for selecting an appropriate prior model in practice. Empirical Bayes point and interval estimates of reliability are discussed and examples are given. 7 figures, 2 tables (auth)

This report is about federal programs towards bilingual education

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The authors propose to examine in detail, using the 15-foot bubble chamber and an improved (Phase II) EMI, the characteristics of 'dimuon' events produced by neutrinos. A light neon-hydrogen filling (30% neon atoms) provides adequate target mass, good track measurements, and high detection efficiency for photons and electrons. Thus e-{mu} and e-e dileptons, as well as dimuons, can be observed with good efficiency. They estimate a yield of 100 detected dimuons in a 200 K picture expoture. They assume 400 GeV operation, 1 x 10{sup 13} protons/pulse, and a two-horn dichromatic beam focusing 100 {+-} 10 GeV/c mesons. If dimuons are made by neutrinos {ge} 30 GeV, then the yield from this dichromatic beam is about half the yield from a wide-band beam. Knowledge of neutrino energy is important in dimuon analysis. An improved two-plane EMI, as proposed by the UH-LBL group, would provide about 1 kg/cm{sup 2} absorption thickness for particles above 10 GeV/c, thus ensuring excellent dimuon identification. Another proposed EMI improvement, the Internal Picket Fence (IPF), is designed to eliminate EMI random background (mainly neutrino-induced in the internal coil-absorber). this should greatly simplify EMI analysis and reduce the misidentification of low momentum hadrons as muons. Thus they …

A Monte Carlo calculation was performed to obtain the neutron spectrum generated by 800-MeV protons incident on the LAMPF main copper beam stop. The total flux is calculated to be of the order of 10$sup 13$ n/cm$sup 2$-sec-mA at full-beam intensity of 1 mA, with flux spectra calculated for angles of 20$sup 0$, 30$sup 0$, 60$sup 0$, 90$sup 0$, 120$sup 0$, and 150$sup 0$. (auth)

An empirally derived mathematical model was developed to calculate the pressure and temperature history during condensation of water vapor in an underground-nuclear-explosion cavity. The condensation process is non-isothermal. Use has been made of the Clapeyron-Clausius equation as a basis for development of the model. Analytic fits to the vapor pressure and the latent heat of vaporization for saturated-water vapor, together with an estimated value for the heat-transfer coefficient, have been used to describe the phenomena. The calculated pressure-history during condensation has been determined to be exponential, with a time constant somewhat less than that observed during the cooling of the superheated steam from the explosion. The behavior of the calculated condensation-pressure compares well with the observed-pressure record (until just prior to cavity collapse) for a particular nuclear-detonation event for which data is available. (auth)

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A study was made of the methods for preparing, processing, and heat treating uranium-2.25 wt percent niobium alloys. The rolling technique is critical, but the alloy responds to conventional solution treatment, water quenching, and aging to provide high strength with good ductility. Data on tensile tests and Charpy tests as functions of the temperature have been obtained. Elastic moduli, density, coefficient of thermal expansion, and differential thermal analysis data have also been determined. (auth)

Ultraviolet irradiation of N-hydroxyxanthines in the solid state induces a radical that was assigned as an acyl amidogen radical in which the unpaired electron density is partially delocalized throughout the $pi$-cloud of the purine ring. The radical is reduced in the presence of water. In the presence of methanol this process is also accompanied by some 8-substitution. Photochemical deoxygenation in solution was found to proceed from either the nonionized N- hydroxyl tautomer or the conjugate anion of N-hydroxypurines. Reduction is the sole photoreaction of the former, while intramolecular migration of the oxygen is the main photoprocess of the latter with photoreduction a minor result. The comparison of the photochemistry of the N-hydroxypurine anion to that of the corresponding purine N-oxide was documented with a study of suitable model purine 1-oxides. A unique photorearrangement of 1-hydroxyxanthine to the oncogenic 3- isomer was examined and is deduced to be a two step process. (auth)

A chemical burnup procedure incorporates the ion-exchange separation of uranium, plutonium, and total rare earth fission products (as the fission monitor) followed by the spectrophotometric determination of each. The separation involves retaining uranyl and plutonyl chloride complexes on a macroporous anion exchange column from 12 M HCl, whereas the rare earths and most fission products pass through. Subsequently, plutonium is eluted with 0.1 M HI-12 M HCl and uranium with 0.1 M HCl. From the initial effluent of the first column, the rare earth group is separated on a second column of either (1) macroporous anion exchange resin from HNO/sub 3/-CH/sub 3/OH, or (2) pellicular cation exchange particles from HCl-C/sub 2/H/sub 5/OH. The HNO/sub 3/--CH/sub 3/OH system normally is used to separate the rare earth group from fuel cladding elements and other fission products. The HCl--C/sub 2/H/sub 5/OH system additionally separates the rare earth group from americium. Arsenazo III is the chromogenic agent for the spectrophotometric determination of the separated uranium, plutonium, and rare earth fractions.