Measurements of the /sup 14/N/sup 15/N//sup 14/N/sup 14/N and /sup 16/O/sup 18/O//sup 16/O/sup 16/O Raman intensity ratios have been made in air samples and pure gas samples. A high-resolution double monochromator was used with a C31034A-02 PM tube to count the photons scattered from a low-powered laser beam (1--2 watts). Standard high-speed modular electronics (approximately 10 ns resolution) were used to process the output pulses. The ..delta..J = 0 vibrational bands of /sup 14/N/sup 15/N and /sup 16/O/sup 18/O were observed to be essentially free of all interference except dark noise of approximately 3 counts/sec. The adjacent rotational structure of /sup 14/N/sup 14/N and /sup 16/O/sup 16/O showed no appreciable overlap with the ..delta..J = 0 bands of interest. Detailed spectra, comparison of the Raman intensity ratios with mass spectrometer isotope ratios, and Raman cross section data for /sup 14/N/sup 15/N and /sup 16/O/sup 18/O are presented. The applicability of Raman scattering as a technique for precision measurement of isotope ratios is discussed.

The fabrication steps are examined for a complex glass target which is designated as a Ball-in-Plate or Saturn target. The Ball-in-Plate target consists of a hollow, D-T filled glass sphere mounted in a thin glass plate. The glass plate is coplaner with a diametral plane of the sphere.

A computer code was written to describe the alpha particle energy loss. The problem of a symmetric compression of the DT gas by an exploding microsphere is analyzed. The code calculates the energy spectrum of a Gaussian distribution of alpha particles after passing through the compressed gas and the exploded glass. The calculations are being used to determine design parameters for diagnostic instruments for measuring charged particle energy distributions from laser fusion targets. (MOW)

Confinement parameters, ntau, are calculated for several possible magnetically-confined p-/sup 11/B reactor configurations using a computer code that evaluates cyclotron radiation emission by electrons and follows the energy distributions of the reactants and products explicitly as they undergo nuclear reactions and both low and high angle scattering. The present treatment of cyclotron radiation assumes a uniform magnetic field and an isotropic plasma. Reflectivity is included as an input parameter. The influence of cyclotron radiation on the energy balance of the various p-/sup 11/B reactor configurations is evaluated and the deviation of the electron distribution from a Maxwellian due to cyclotron radiation emission is studied.

The U.S. demand for lithium by the industrial sector and by a fusion power economy in the future is discussed. For a one million MW(e) CTR (D-T fuel cycle) economy, growing into the beginning of the next century (the years 2000 to 2030), the cumulative demand for lithium is estimated to range from (0.55 to 4.7) x 10/sup 7/ to 1.0 x 10/sup 9/ kg. Present estimates of the available U.S. supply are 6.9 x 10/sup 8/ kg of lithium from mineral resources and 4.0 x 10/sup 9/ kg of lithium from concentrated natural brines. There is, however, a vast supply of lithium in seawater: 2.5 x 10/sup 14/ kg. A preliminary process design for the extraction of lithium from seawater is presented: seawater is first evaporated by solar energy to increase the concentration of lithium and to decrease the concentration of other cations in the bittern which then passes into a Dowex-50 ion exchange bed for cation adsorption. Lithium ions are then eluted with dilute hydrochloric acid forming an aqueous lithium chloride which is subsequently concentrated and electrolyzed. The energy requirement for lithium extraction varies between 0.08 and 2.46 kWh(e)/gm for a range of production rates varying between 10/sup …

A review is presented of field ion microscope applications in studies of point defect distribution in irradiated metals. FIM results on the primary state of radiation damage in neutron and ion-irradiated iridium and tungsten, at both room-temperature and 78/sup 0/K, showed that it consists of: (1) isolated vacancies; (2) depleted zones; (3) compact vacancy clusters of voids; and (4) dislocation loops. The fraction of vacancies stored in the dislocation loops represented a small fraction of the total vacancy concentration; in the case of tungsten it was approximately 10 percent. These FIM observations provide a simple explanation of the low yield-factor, determined by transmission electron microscopy, for a number of ion-irradiated metals.

Polyethylene foils and parylene disks 5 to 10 ..mu..m thick have been irradiated by CO/sub 2/ laser pulses focused to flux levels in the 10/sup 13/ to 10/sup 14/ W/cm/sup 2/ range. A CO/sub 2/ laser system, ''Valkyrie,'' fabricated from commercially available components was assembled for these experiments. The switched-out nanosecond pulse is next amplified by two cold-cathode electron-beam sustained amplifiers built by Systems, Science, and Software, Inc. After passing through the beam diagnostics tables, the beam is finally focused on the target in the chamber in the foreground. Some results using this system are described. (MOW)

A series of experiments was conducted to obtain data on the energy distribution near focus of a typical high power glass laser system, the Janus laser at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. Analysis of this data has provided a fairly complete picture of the time integrated energy distribution at several planes near the focus and at several power levels. Information on the temporal structure, that is, the intensity distribution at a particular time during the pulse, was obtained using a streak camera.

Acoustic sounder measurements of a vertical profile of the abrupt transition from a laminar to a turbulent atmospheric boundary layer were compared with meteorological measurements made at 10 m and 137 m on an instrumented tower. Sounder data show that conditions necessary for onset of the momentum burst phenomenon exist sometime during a clear afternoon when heat flux changes sign and the planetary surface cools. Under these conditions, the lowest part of the atmospheric boundary layer becomes stable. Prior to this situation, the entire boundary layer is in turbulent motion from surface heating. The boundary layer is then an effective barrier for all fluxes, and as the maximum flux Richardson number is reached at some height close to but above the surface, turbulence is dampened and a laminar layer forms. The profile of this layer is recorded by the sounder. Surface temperature drops, a strong wind shear develops, and the Richardson number decreases below its critical value (Ri/sub CR/ less than 0.25). Subsequently, the laminar layer is eroded by turbulence from above, and with a burst of momentum and heat, it eventually reaches the ground.

Light activated multilayered silicon semiconductor devices have been used to switch at megawatt power levels with nanosecond turnon time. Current rate of rise of 700 kA/..mu..s at 10 kA, with 1 kV across the load have been achieved. Recovery time of 1 millisec has been obtained. Applicability to fusion research needs is discussed.

Roots of most, if not all, higher plants are barriers to the translocation of many trace elements to the shoots of plants. Some of the elements in question are not essential insofar as is known to plants and it is possible that no special metabolic mechanism exists for their uptake or translocation. The uptake and translocation of them which is observed may be due either to involvement in mechanisms related to other metals or to passive factors. The high levels of at least some metals in roots may be due to binding on root exchange and/or membrane surfaces and may represent little or no actual uptake into roots. Experimental data have been obtained for distribution in roots, stems, and leaves for Ti, Cr, Sn, Pb, and Cd. All of these, but in differing proportions, were concentrated in roots of plants. Most were toxic, but at varying degrees. Interactions with chelating agents were observed for some of the metals and this was sometimes associated with increased translocation to shoots. Calcium at high levels decreased the effects of excessive levels of at least some of the metals tested. Toxicities of these elements can exist and leaf analysis would usually fail to diagnose …

Geothermal wells must be sampled for a variety of purposes including geologic and geochemical interpretation, engineering design of facilities, environmental release evaluation, and documentation of baseline conditions. Basic factors influencing the choice and application of sampling methods are reviewed including the type of the geothermal resource, the analyses of interest, well production parameters, utilization processes, and possible sample contamination or instability. Three basic methods of sampling are described including condensation, phase separation, and use of evacuated containers. Several practical problems experienced by various workers are discussed. These include the natural variability of fluid composition with time, effects of well-bore heat losses, effects of well flow rate and production time, sampling locations, laboratory simulation studies, contamination by corrosion reactions, and documentation of hydrologic systems possibly connected to the geothermal resource. (auth)

In this work, along with a previous paper three possible uses of 14-MeV deuterium--tritium fusion neutrons are investigated: energy production, neutron multiplication, and fissile-fuel breeding. The results presented include neutronic studies of fissioning and nonfissioning thorium systems, tritium breeding systems, various fuel options (UO/sub 2/, UC, UC/sub 2/, etc.), and uranium as well as refractory metal first-wall neutron-multiplying regions. A brief energy balance and an estimate of potential revenues for fusion devices are given to help illustrate the potentials of these designs.

A mechanism to adjust the cross-section of the arc column of a cold cathode P.I.G. ion source was developed. The cross-section of the plasma column, and therefore the electron flux density, can be adjusted over a wide range with a fixed ion source power. Arc columns of up to about 370 kW/cm/sup 2/ and about 140 kW/cm/sup 3/ were achieved. With this ultra-high power density, a great improvement on ion production was obtained. The peak beam currents of the doubly charged He-3 and He-4 were increased from 150 ..mu..A to 750 ..mu..A and from 50 ..mu..A to 400 ..mu..A respectively in a compact cyclotron.

Separate abstracts were prepared for twenty-four papers. (MHR)

A T(d,n)..cap alpha.. neutron source at the Ohio University tanden Van de Graaff accelerator was used to produce a coincidence in the detector setup and the recoil proton pulse was recorded. Results are presented. (WHK)

Abstracts of one hundred papers given at the conference are presented along with the conference program and an author index. Session topics include: highly ionized atoms; laser spectroscopy and hyperfine structure; complex spectra; laser spectroscopy, radiation theory; theory of highly ionized atoms and analysis of plasmas; plasma spectroscopy, line strengths; spectral analysis, instrumentation, reference wavelengths; beam foil spectroscopy, line strengths, energy levels; absorption spectroscopy, autoionization, and related theory; and spectral analysis, instrumentation, and VUV physics. (GHT)

This paper discusses a series of experiments performed with the LLL two-beam laser system, JANUS. The JANUS laser is capable of focusing approximately 500 Gigawatts of 1.06 ..mu.. power (40 J in 80 psec) on laser fusion type targets. In these experiments, the targets were deuterium tritium (DT) filled glass microshells with aspect ratios of 100 to 200. Targets of this type operate in what is commonly called the exploding pusher mode. The result is that the glass shell surrounding the DT gas (the thermonuclear fuel) effectively explodes, and consequently from geometry, also implodes and compresses and heats the DT gas to TN conditions. The advantages and disadvantages of the exploding pushers type target, as compared with the high density isentropic implosion target of the future, is illustrated.

Twenty-six papers are included. A separate abstract was prepared for each paper. (DG)

The metabolic significance of the distribution of labeled oxygen was studied in the dog by inhalation of gas mixtures labeled with oxygen-14 (T/sub /sup 1///sub 2// = 71 seconds) maintained at a constant level of activity. Under steady-state conditions, whole-body images were developed by detection of the positron annihilation emissions with a dual head rectilinear scanner in the coincidence mode. (auth)

Startup conditions for future mirror fusion experiments require a rapidly formed target plasma of approximately 0.5 coulomb of ions with energy of 50 to 100 keV. Theory suggests that very intense ion-flux emission satisfying these requirements can be extracted from a pulsed ion diode. Developing such sources would be an ideal CTR application of the high-power, single-shot capability of pulsed power technology. Recent experimental results are reviewed in which approximately 2 kA/cm/sup 2/ of D/sup +/ at approximately 50 keV was extracted. In the experiment, an intense relativistic electron beam undergoes many transits through a solid but range-thin anode foil. With each transit the electrons lose energy, causing their trajectories to collapse toward the anode surface. In so doing, the increased space charge extracts an intense ion flux from the anode foil's plasma. Observations are reported on the importance of diode stability. The general agreement between theoretical scaling laws and experimental results are also presented.

Sixty-five papers are included. Separate entries were prepared for fifty-two. The remaining papers were previously abstracted for Nuclear Science Abstracts. (MHR)

Data processing for the laser systems in operation at LLL is discussed. Methods for automatic storage, reduction and display using the computers and the Octopus system at LLL are described. This paper briefly describes how this data is compiled, correlated, and displayed. (MOW)

Separate abstracts were entered for the individual papers published in the proceedings.