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ABSORPTION CHANGES IN BACTERIAL CHROMATOPHORES. II. A NEWCHLOROPHYLL-LIKE PIGMENT FROM THE OXIDATION OF CHROMATOPHORES FROMRHODOSPIRILLUM RUBRUM
Evidence is presented which points to (at least) two bound forms of bacteriochlorophyll present in chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum, both of them readily converted to unbound bacteriochlorophyll (abs. max. 770 mu) when the chromatophores are extracted with acetone or ethanol. Controlled oxidation of the chromatophores with Ir(IV) or with Zn(II) and ferricyanide preferentially destroys the more strongly absorbing pigment (abs. max. 880 mu) but brings about only a slight decrease in the magnitude of the photoinduced absorption changes at 810 and 792 mu. Such oxidations yield a new pigment, absorbing at 715 mu in the aqueous preparation and, more strongly, at 680-684 mu when the pigment is extracted into organic solvents. This pigment is formed irreversibly and is therefore different from the material formed by photooxidation of chromatophores. Its visible spectrum and the spectrum of the material formed from it by acidification suggest that it is a chlorophyll-like substance, possibly derived from bacteriochlorophyll by (two-electron) oxidation of one of the dihydropyrrole rings to a pyrrole ring. Directions are given for separation of this pigment from other colored compounds present in the oxidation mixtures.
Date:
October 1, 1964
Creator:
Gould, Edwin S.; Kuntz Jr., Irwin D. & Calvin, Melvin
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LRL 25-INCH BUBBLE CHAMBER
The recently completed 25-inch hydrogen bubble chamber combines excellent picture quality with a fast operating cycle. The chamber has a unique optical system and is designed to take several pictures each Bevatron pulse, in conjunction with the Bevatron rapid beam ejection system. At present the chamber operates twice per Bevatron pulse. The general features of the chamber constructiosn are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The chamber is ten inches deep at the narrowest point. The magnet is of conventional water cooled design and in present operation produces a vertical field of 18.5 kgauss. With suitable generators it has produced a field of 22.8 kgauss. The most important new features are discussed below.
Date:
July 8, 1964
Creator:
Alvarez, Luis W.; Gow, J.D.; Barrera, Frank; Eckman, Glenn; Shand, Jim; Watt, R. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
THE STRUCTURE OF THE SO-CALLED ''ETHYLMETAPHOSPHATE'' (LANGHELDESTER)
Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with ether to form bicyclo-tetraphosphate ester (II), cyclotetraphosphate ester (III), isocyclotetraphosphate ester (IV), and tetraphosphate ester (V). Phosphorus n.m.r. measurements show the content of the mixtures. The so-called 'ethyl metaphosphate' (Langheld ester) is a mixture of III (50% to 45%), IV (36% to 25%), and V (14% to 30%).
Date:
June 1, 1964
Creator:
Burkhardt, Gottfried; Klein, Melvin & Calvin, Melvin.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
POLARIZATION IN PROTON-PROTON SCATTERING USING A POLARIZED TARGET.Part I. 0.330 to 0.740 GeV Part II 1.70 to 6.15 GeV
Using the Berkeley polarized-proton target, we have measured the polarization parameter P({theta}) for proton-proton (p-p) scattering. The measurements were obtained at beam kinetic energies of 0.330, 0.680, and 0.740 GeV at the 184-in. synchrocyclotron and 1.70, 2.85, 3.50, 4.00, 5.05, and 6.15 GeV at the Bevatron. The angular regions measured were from 20 to 100 degrees center of mass; the square of the four-momentum transfer ranged from 0.1 to 0.8 (GeV/c){sup 2}.
Date:
June 24, 1964
Creator:
Betz, F. W.; Arens, J. F.; Dost, H. E.; Hansroul, M. J.; Holloway, L. E.; Schultz, C. H. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LONGITUDINAL RESISTIVE INSTABILITIES OF INTENSE COASTING BEAMS IN PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
The effect of finite resistance in the vacuum-tank walls on the longitudinal stability of an intense beam of particles in an accelerator is investigated theoretically. We show that even if the particle frequency is an increasing function of particle energy, the wall resistance can render the beam unstable against longitudinal bunching. In the absence of frequency spread in the unperturbed beam, the instability occurs with a growth rate that is proportional to (N/{sigma}){sup 1/2}, where N is the number of particles in the beam and {sigma} is the conductivity of the surface material. By means of the Vlasov equation a criterion for beam stability is obtained. In the limit of highly conducting walls the criterion involves the frequency spread in the unperturbed beam, the number of particles N, the beam energy, geometrical properties of the accelerator, but not the conductivity {sigma}. A numerical example presented indicates that certain observations of beam behavior in the MURA 40-Mev-electron accelerator may be related to the phenomenon we investigated.
Date:
September 29, 1964
Creator:
Neil, V. Kelvin & Sessler, Andrew M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CYANAMIDE: A POSSIBLE KEY COMPOUND IN CHEMICAL EVOLUTION
The prebiotic synthesis of phosphorus-containing compounds--such as nucleotides and polynucleotides--would require both a geologically plausible source of the element and pathways for its incorporation into chemical systems on the primitive Earth. The mineral apatite, which is the only significant source of phosphate on Earth, has long been thought to be problematical in this respect due to its low solubility and reactivity. However, in the last decade or so, at least two pathways have been demonstrated which would circumvent these perceived problems. In addition, recent results would seem to suggest an additional, extraterrestrial source of reactive phosphorus. It appears that the 'phosphorus problem' is no longer the stumbling block which it was once thought to be.
Date:
May 1, 1964
Creator:
Steinman, Gary; Lemmon, Richard M. & Calvin, Melvin
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PHOTOINDUCED EPR AND PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY INTONE-THF SOLUTION CHARGE-TRANSFER COMPLEX
Reversible photoinduced electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals and photoconductivity were observed when a solution of tetracyancethylene (TCNE) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was irradiated in the charge-transfer band of the complex formed between these two compounds. The eleven-line hyperfine structure of the EPR spectrum which was obtained demonstrated the presence of TCNE negative ion radical. The concentration of this radical was found to be directly proportional to the square root of the light intensity. Second order decay kinetics were followed when the light was shut off. Both the EPR signal and the photoconductivity rose initially as the square of the time. The latter portions of the growth curves could be fit to the latter portions of a hyperbolic tangential growth curve. From these data a reaction mechanism was proposed. The rate law dn/dt + kn{sup 2} = {alpha}L(1-e{sup -{beta}t}) = 0, where n = the concentration of radicals, t = the time, k, {alpha}, and {beta} are rate constants, and L = the light intensity, described both the photo-induced EPR and the photoconductivity within the limits of experimental accuracy.
Date:
December 8, 1964
Creator:
Ilten, David F. & Calvin, Melvin
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
PRODUCTION OF S = 0, -1 RESONANT STATES IN K<sup>-</sup> p INTERACTIONS AT 2.45 GeV/c
About 70,000 pictures of 2.45-GeV/c K{sup -}-p interactions have been obtained in the present 72-inch hydrogen bubble-chamber experiment. Approximately 24,000 events of all topologies except 1-, 2-, and 3-prong events have been measured, and 50% have been remeasured. They report here on a study of the production of known resonances in the reactions: (1) K{sup -} + p {yields} {Lambda} + {pi}{sup +} + {pi}{sup -}; (2) K{sup -} + p {yields} {Lambda} + {pi}{sup +} + {pi}{sup 0} + {pi}{sup -}. The cross section for production and number of events in reactions (1) and (2) are given in Table I.
Date:
July 7, 1964
Creator:
Ross, Ronald R.; Friedman, Jerome H.; Siegel, Daniel M.; Flatte,Stanley; Alvarez, Luis W.; Barbaro-Galtieri, Angela et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A POLARIZED PROTON TARGET
We have successfully conducted a series of experiments involving scattering of high energy pions and protons from a target containing polarized protons. Results of some of these experiments were reported at this conference, and in the literature. Proton polarizations as high as 65% have been measured; the average polarization during sustained data-taking has been typically 45%.
Date:
July 3, 1964
Creator:
Chamberlain, Owen; Schultz, Claude & Shapiro, Gilbert
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
KINETIC STUDIES OF THE TWO LIGHT REACTIONS IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS
The decay kinetics of the photo-induced absorbance changes in red and green algae are very sensitive to the wavelength of the actinic 11ght. A four to twofold increase in half-decay time is noted in going from short wavelength (550-650 mu) to long wavelength (> 700 mu) excitation. The slow decay ratios, produced by long wavelength light can be enhanced with a steady background of short wavelength light. A relationship between initial decay rates and 02 evolution rates is described. This relationship allows a direct correspondence between these spectroscopic studies and the 'red-drop' and 'enhancement' experiments of Emerson.
Date:
November 1, 1964
Creator:
Kuntz Jr., I.D. & Calvin, Melvin
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
State Laws relating to qualifications and elections of United states Congressmen
This report is a compilation of pertinent statutory provisions and selected court decisions
Date:
November 5, 1964
Creator:
Elizabeth K. Yadlosky
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Helderberg Group and the Position of the Silurian-Devonian Boundary in North America
A paper that reviews the Helderberg Group and its relation to the Silurian-Devotion boundary.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Berdan, Jean M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Coal Resources of Lawrence County Pennsylvania
A report about the coal-bearing rocks found in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania. Lawrence County is in west-Central Pennsylvania in the northern part of the Appalachian coal field.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Van Lieu, J. A. & Patterson, Elmer D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geology and Uranium Deposits of the Southern Part of the Powder River Basin, Wyoming
A report about the Powder River Basin in northeastern Wyoming which is a physiographic unit bounded on the west by the Bighorn Mountains. There are sedimentary rocks which range in age from Cambrian to Oligocene.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Sharp, William N. & Gibbons, Anthony B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geologic Reconnaissance of the Antelope-Ashwood Area North-Central Oregon
A report describing the geology of a few counties in Oregon. Strata is exposed that ranges in age from pre-Tertiary to Quaternary.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Peck, Dallas L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nonopaque Heavy Minerals in Sandstone of Jurassic and Cretaceous Age in the Black Hills Wyoming and South Dakota
A report about sandstone in the black hills of Wyoming and South Dakota. It discusses the nonopaque heavy minerals found within it.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Mapel, W. J.; Chisholm, W. A. & Bergenback, R. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geology of Franklin, Webster, and Nuckolls Counties, Nebraska
A report about the Geology of three locations in Nebraska. Each location primarily are made up of Shale and chalk of Late Cretaceous age.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Miller, Robert D.; Van Horn, Richard; Dobrovolny, Ernest & Buck, Laurence P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Review and Annotated Bibliography of Ancient Lake Deposits (Precambrian to Pleistocene) in the Western States
A paper about lacustrine deposits of a pre-Tertiary age that are in lakes between Arizona and Montana.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Feth, John H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An evaluation of simple iron-water radiation shields and radiation measurements within concrete-lined and -capped pits
Program 3 of Operation BREN consisted in a study of the performance of biological shields composed of various arrangements of steel, water, and borated polyethylene in spherical, cubical, and parallelepipedal geometries. Studies were also made of the radiation levels within concrete-lined and -capped pits, 4 ft in dia and 8 ft deep. The principal radiation source was the ORNL Health Physics Research Reactor, an unshielded, unreflected, 90 wt % U-10 wt % Mo, cylindrical bare-metal assembly. It was supported at heights ranging from 27 to 1500 ft by a hoist car riding outside of a 1527-ft-high steel tower. A 1200-curie Co/sup 60/ gamma-ray source, similarly supported, was substituted for the reactor for some measurements. The work reported includes measurements of fast-neutron and gamma-ray dose rates and thermal-neutron fluxes in air and within the various shields, using the reactor source, measurements of gamma-ray dose rates in air from the Co/sup 60/ gamma-ray source, and measurements of gamma-ray pulse-height spectra within the pits, also employing the Co/sup 60/ source. 8 refs., 33 figs., 29 tabs.
Date:
July 31, 1964
Creator:
Muckenthaler, F. J.; Jung, L.; Blosser, T. V.; Freestone, R. M. Jr. & Miller, J. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Nuclear Reactor System for Generating Power and Supplying Steam to a Water Desalination Plant in the Florida Keys
From foreword: The results of an engineering study directed toward the evaluation and selection of a nuclear reactor system designed to produce electricity and furnish steam to a water desalination plant in the Florida Keys are given in this report.
Date:
March 1964
Creator:
Burns and Roe
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Scientific-Information Centers in the U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R
From foreword: This report provides a review of the Soviet and U.S. technical information systems.
Date:
1964?
Creator:
Kridler, Thomas P. & Simpson, G. S., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Flow Stability of Gas-Solids Suspensions: Final Report
From abstract: One of the principal purposes of the work reported was to study the stability of gas-solids suspensions in the presence of a thermal gradient. Previously reported experience with unstable suspensions is summarized.
Date:
February 1964
Creator:
Wachtell, G. P. & Waggener, J. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of Beta Radiation as a Hydrogenation Catalyst: Interim Technical Status Report for the Period March 1, 1962 to October 31, 1963
From abstract: The concept of using high intensity beta radiation from an isotopic source, Sr-90, inside a high temperature, high pressure chemical reactor has been developed for potential radiation chemical processes. Distinct advantages include high utilizable intensity from a relatively small source with a minimum of shielding against external radiation.
Date:
September 11, 1964
Creator:
Yavorsky, P. M. & Gorin, E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Study of Desalting Plants (15 to 150 mgd) and Nuclear Power Plants (200 to 1500 MWt) for Combined Water and Power Production: Final Report
From foreword: This study is concerned with the technology of producing fresh potable water from the seas.
Date:
September 1964
Creator:
Catalytic Construction Company
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library