Previous studies have been made of the relationship among acceleration, specific power, payload fraction, and travel time for many interplanetary missions. These utilized tangential thrust and correspond to the high thrust Hohmann transfer orbits. In addition, a complete optimization of the one way Mars mission has been accomplished. Since the minimum Jupiter round trip time was six and a half years for tangential thrust, calculations were carried out using higher energy transfer orbits. It is shown that the orbit-matching problem cannot be solved with tangential thrust programming in this case. The initial period of acceleration away from the earth's orbit was accomplished using tangential thrust in order to minimize energy expenditure. This was followed by a period of coasting until the proper moment arrived for commencing the orbit-matching maneuver. This terminates when the velocity and spatial coordinates of Jupiter's orbit are matched. The technique used for accomplishing these various orbit matching conditions without iteration are described. Best results for the final maneuver were obtained with the thrust vector approximately normal to the velocity vector. By this technique it is shown that the round-trip Jupiter mission may be carried out in four and an half years with 16% payload and 0.10 …

The chief purpose of this contract is the development of ceramic materials with high dielectric constant and high dielectric strength values, and suitable for use of dielectrics in capacitors capable of storing large amounts of energy in small volumes. Work performed during the fourth quarter included (1) Material development and sample preparation; (2) Sample testing; (3) discussion of ceramic density measurements; (4) Optical studies of titanates; (5) Fabrication of large ceramics; and (6) Capacitor design.

The chief purpose of this contract is the development of ceramic materials with high dielectric constant and high dielectric strength values, and suitable for use of dielectrics in capacitors capable of storing large amounts of energy in small volumes. Work performed during the fifth quarter included (1) Material development and sample preparation; (2) Sample testing; (3) Optical studies of titanates; (4) Fabrication of large ceramics; and (5) Capacitor design.

Report covering progress regarding a study on radiation synthesis involving halogenated compounds. Experimental progress, results and discussion are included.

The 9-ANGIE, one of a series of reactor neutronic programs for an IBM 709 or 7090 data processing system, solves the time-dependent, multi-group, neutron diffusion equation for one to eighteen energy groups applied to a rectangular mesh superimposed on either an x-y or an r-z plane. It is characterized by its generalities in region description, boundary conditions, etc., without sacrificing simplicity of input preparation and ease of machine operation. The notation, the style, and the format have been held as consistent as possible with 9-ZOOM, the companion one-dimensional program.

A program has been coded for the ORACLE which will solve, using Monte Carlo technique, the transport problem for monodirectional, monoenergetic gamma radiation incident at an angle Θ, upon an infinite laminated slab of finite thickness. Each of the laminations (or regions) is itself an infinite, homogeneous slab of finite thickness. The code is designed to give estimates of energy deposition, energy flux, tissue dose rate, reflected and transmitted energy current, and the angular and energy distribution of the reflected and transmitted energy current. All the answers except for energy deposition and reflected and transmitted energy current are optional.

A helium coolant side-stream purification system consisting of parallel sections for radioactive and non-radioactive de-contamination was designed for the proposed Pebble Bed Reactor Experiment. Primary equipment components are two gas coolers, gas heater, charcoal delay trap, CuO oxidizer, Molecular Sieve adsorber, and full flow filter. The charcoal delay trap is sized to provide a hold-up of 30 minutes for Kr isotopes, 6hr hold-up for Xe isotopes, and 99.9% retention of iodine isotopes resulting in "de-contamination factors" varying from l for Kr85 to 556 for I131. Non-radioactive de-contamination will result in a steady state concentration of CO2 in the coolant of 20.8ppm or less.

The oscillator of the 88-in. cyclotron which is being built in Berkeley is tunable from 5.3 to 16.5 Mc. It delivers a maximum c-w power of 300 kw. At the rated doc voltage of 75 kv the resonator stores 4.5 joules of electrical energy. The transients produced by this amount of energy, during sparking, place unusual requirements upon the design of the oscillator tube. The features of the RCA 6949 which make it particularly well-suited to this type of application are discussed in this paper. Other topics covered are the oscillator anode power supply, the hard-tube modulator, protective equipment, and oscillator instrumentation.

The kinetic energies of pions from radioactive decays in propane have been determined by using the information given by the angles of the secondary particles. This method is independent of any range-energy relation.

Experimental results on the effect of periodic acceleration on a natural circulation, 1000 psia, two-phase flow loop are presented, and related to the topic of marine reactor design. The initial results of this work were given previously in GEAP 3397.

The following report provides information on an aerosol generator fit to produce fine particles by a vaporization-condensation technique. Included is a diagram of the essential components of the generator.

A literature study has been made of rates for the reaction of oxygen with high-purity artificial graphite. Values from a number of sources have been expressed on a common basis which provides approximate correction for the retarding effects of oxygen diffusion in the graphite pores. The corrected rates can be correlated by the equation k = 7.24 x 10^9 exp (-22 100/T), where k has units of weight fraction oxidized per hour and T as in °K. Effects of oxygen concentration, solid and gas-phase contaminants, and radiation on the observed rates are discussed. Methods for estimating rates and spatial distribution of heat release during graphite oxidation are presented. These should be of value in analyzing the hazard of a graphite fire following a coolant system rupture in a gas-cooled, graphite-moderated reactor.

"A finite difference approximation to a non-linear set of parabolic differential equations arising in shallow water theory is given. These difference equations were used to determine the shape and rate of propagation of a hum of fluid down a channel of constant depth. The hump of fluid was found to spread instead of steepen, as is the case in the usual shallow water theory."

"The problems of sequencing jobs through machines are discussed in a linear graph framework. The construction of feasible schedules from given technological orderings is related to the construction of transitive graphs from given component graphs. Methods of constructing transitive graphs are given and bounds on the number of different transitive graphs constructed from given components are determined. A recursive convex function defined on the transitive graphs-the job operation completion time and schedule time-is studied. Bounds on the number of different values that the schedule time can attain is obtained. Examples of multiprogramming, flow shop and machine shop scheduling are studied."

A development program is being carried out in the pilot plant to improve the equipment involved in monitoring, metering and pumping process streams. The equipment under development includes an alpha monitor, a gamma monitor, a waste water monitor, a liquid flow rate meter, a canned rotor pump, a diaphragm pump, air lifts and a pressure tank pump. This report presents the present status of the testing program.

Methods for the noncorrosive removal of volatile fission products and UO2 dust from carbon steel and stainless steel have been developed. Procedures for applying these methods to the decontamination of the EGCR charge and service machines are described.

A conductometric titration method described by Goldstein was adapted for use in a remote analytical facility. The results obtained by mean of experiments made prior to this adaptation indicated that methanol is the most satisfactory medium in which to determine excess sulfuric acid in uranyl sulfate solutions that stimulate Homogeneous Reactor type fuel. When methanol is used, the complexation of hydrolyzable ions with sodium fluoride, as described by Pepkowitz, Sabol, and Dustin, is not required.

EXPIRE is a calculation which predicts the reactivity-lifetime, instantaneous and integrated effective multiplication constants and instantaneous and integrated effective multiplication constants and instantaneous conversion ratio for heterogeneous reactors. The concentration of all the isotopes of interest from Th232 to Am243 are calculated as a function of time using the average reactor power density and a uniform flux distribution. The equations have been programmed for the IBM-704 computer and the average running time is approximately two minutes per reactor lifetime.

Abstract: A zero power experiment on the SM-1 Core II included an element by element reactivity check of fuel elements and control rod absorber sections, and an estimate of burnable nuclear poison loading in stationary fuel elements. An approach to criticality was made by the inverse multiplication method, and critical rod bank position obtained as a function fuel loading up to full core loading. Minimum and maximum core reactivity measurements were obtained by selective loading of stationary fuel elements, and total excess K of the core was established. Power distribution measurements were taken in the regions of the core-reflector interface and the fuel-absorber interface in the control rod assemblies. The effectiveness of europium flux suppressors in the top of control rod fuel elements was determined, and power peaking was measured in stationary elements adjacent to control rod assembly water gaps. Survey measurements established the work of spiking clean, cold SM-1 cores with SM-2 elements and the work of water holes in the SM-1 Core. The reduced scope zero power experiment performed on SM-1A core I included an element by element uniformity check of stationary fuel elements, a core assembly test, comparison of Eu2O3 and B4C absorber sections, and development of …

This paper for the Project Vela Technical Symposium is intended to be a brief resume of the principle results of the Cowboy program. The material is taken from a report entitled "Use of Large Cavities to Reduce Seismic Waves from Underground Explosions" by Herbat, Werth, and Spring (1960). As a result, no effect is made to justify each step in the analysis; reference should be made to the complete report.

A portable shield has been designed, developed, fabricated and shop tested to provide the HRT with a facility for direct dry maintenance operations. It provides temporary replacement for any one of the lower roof plugs and should permit many operations to be performed without flooding the reactor cell with water.

The effect of adding small quantities of fuel or poison to the HRT has been estimated using perturbation theory. The results have been reduced to a single relation and a set of graphs which make the estimation of added reactivity relatively simple. The perturbation theory results are compared with multigroup results and reasonable agreement is demonstrated; however, there is some question concerning the prompt neutron lifetime.

The theory of mass transfer into a flowing fluid is utilizes to estimate the effect of gas film resistance on overall rates of transfer through a porous septum. The expressions developed for the mass transfer ratio...

Abstract. Fourteen commercial enamel frits from five different manufacturers were tested to determine their abilities to protect Nb-1% Zr during the forging cycle in the temperature range of 1800 to 2300 deg F. One frit was found to afford good coverage and protection at 2200 deg F at times up to 5 hours of exposure. Adherence was excellent during upset forging of a coated Nb--1% Zr sample heated 45 minutes at 2200 deg F. Another frit afforded good protection and coverage at 1700 deg F. (auth)