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Early Oklahoma Artists (open access)

Early Oklahoma Artists

Article describes the lives and works of three white artists who came to Oklahoma in the nineteenth century: George Catlin, John Mix Stanley, and Heinrich Baldwin Mollhausen. O. B. Jacobson and Jeanne d'Ueel discuss how the artists recorded images of Indian Territory and why they did so.
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Jacobson, O. B. & d'Ucel, Jeanne
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Texanna (open access)

Texanna

Article examines life and business at Texanna, Oklahoma, a town settled by Cherokees who relocated there from Texas. Though now a ghost town, Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the town's history through accounts of travelers who documented it and citizens who lived there.
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Fishertown (open access)

Fishertown

Article describes the establishment of Fishertown, a village in the Creek Nation that cropped up near North Fork Town in the nineteenth century. Carolyn Thomas Foreman traces the genealogy of the Fisher family who founded the town, and describes its early growth and development.
Date: Autumn 1953
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Armstrongs of Indian Territory, Part III: General Frank Crawford Armstrong (open access)

The Armstrongs of Indian Territory, Part III: General Frank Crawford Armstrong

Article describes the life and career of General frank Crawford Armstrong, an officer in the Confederate Army and later Assistant Commissioner of Indian Affairs. In the third part of this article series, Carolyn Thomas Foreman explains Armstrong's participation in the Civil War and the factionalism among members of the Cherokee Nation in the late nineteenth century.
Date: Spring 1953
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"The Smoked Meat Rebellion" (open access)

"The Smoked Meat Rebellion"

Article explores crime on the Oklahoma frontier in the early 1900s, referencing a particular instance of someone stealing a thousand pounds of smoked bacon, which earned the following events the name the "Smoked Meat Rebellion," also known as the Crazy Snake Rebellion. Mel H. Bolster discusses the interaction of Creeks, Creek freedmen, and the local law enforcement during these events.
Date: Spring 1953
Creator: Bolster, Mel H.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The March of the First Dragoons from Jefferson Barracks to fort Gibson in 1833-1834 (open access)

The March of the First Dragoons from Jefferson Barracks to fort Gibson in 1833-1834

Article discusses the activation of the first United States Dragoons and their arduous march from Jefferson Barracks to Fort Gibson in 1833 to 1834. Hamilton Gardner examines journal records of the officers, and correspondence that documented the journey, to create a clearer picture of the experience.
Date: Spring 1953
Creator: Gardner, Hamilton
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Fifty Years Ago in Shawnee and Pottawatomie County (open access)

Fifty Years Ago in Shawnee and Pottawatomie County

Article discusses the thriving town of Shawnee, Oklahoma and Pottawatomie County at the turn of the century. Ernestine Gravley highlights the growth of businesses, feuds by railroad companies over the town, and popular pastimes such as horse racing made possible by Shawnee's expansion.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Gravley, Ernestine
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Duke Maxwell (open access)

Perry Duke Maxwell

Article provides a biographical tribute to Perry Duke Maxwell, golf course architect of Oklahoma. Charles Evans provides a description of Maxwell's upbringing, marriage, family, religion, and character.
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Evans, Charles
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Confederate Government Relations with the Five Civilized Tribes (open access)

Confederate Government Relations with the Five Civilized Tribes

Article discusses treaties and alliances made with the Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole Nations during the Civil War. Ohland Morton focuses on interaction with the Confederate government and provides historical context to the initial uprooting of these tribes and relocation.
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Morton, Ohland
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Annette Blackburn Ehler and the Pat Hennessey Memorial Garden (open access)

Annette Blackburn Ehler and the Pat Hennessey Memorial Garden

Article describes pioneer woman Annette Blackburn Ehler and her contributions to Oklahoma history through the Oklahoma Historical Society and Oklahoma Memorial Association. Athie Sale Davis discusses her work creating the Pat Hennessey Memorial Garden and the contents of her writings.
Date: Autumn 1953
Creator: Davis, Athie Sale
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, Thursday, January 22, 1953 (open access)

Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, Thursday, January 22, 1953

This section includes the minutes of the quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on Thursday, January 22, 1953.
Date: Spring 1953
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, Thursday, July 23, 1953 (open access)

Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, Thursday, July 23, 1953

This section includes the minutes of the quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on Thursday, July 23, 1953.
Date: Autumn 1953
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Annual Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, June 5, 1953 (open access)

Minutes of the Annual Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, June 5, 1953

This section includes the minutes of the annual meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on June 5, 1953
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Robert Lee Williams Memorial Dedication (open access)

The Robert Lee Williams Memorial Dedication

Article discusses the dedication event of the Robert Lee Williams memorial monument by the Oklahoma Historical Society. Charles Evans relates the ways in which the OHS paid tribute to the Constitutional Convention member, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Oklahoma, judge, and benefactor through these ceremonies.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Evans, Charles
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
William Elbert Utterback (open access)

William Elbert Utterback

Article provides a biographical tribute to lawyer and banker William Elbert Utterback. Charles Evans describes his upbringing and education in Mississippi, experience in the United States Army, and involvement in the community and business in the Durant region of Oklahoma.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Evans, Charles
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Confederate Relations with the Five Civilized Tribes, Part II (open access)

Confederate Relations with the Five Civilized Tribes, Part II

Article continues the discussion of treaties and alliances the Confederate States made with the Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole Nations during the Civil War. In this second part of the article, Ohland Morton discusses the Civil War skirmishes and the leadership of Stand Watie after the creation of these treaties.
Date: Autumn 1953
Creator: Morton, Ohland
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Third Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, Held in the City of Durant, Oklahoma, on November 12, 1953 (open access)

Minutes of the Third Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, Held in the City of Durant, Oklahoma, on November 12, 1953

This section includes the minutes of the third quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on November 12, 1953.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Sign Language of the Plains Indians of North America (open access)

The Sign Language of the Plains Indians of North America

Article explores the art of sign language cultivated by the Plains Indians of North America, a cultural unit composed of about 31 tribes. Jerell R. Walker provides historical background for the creation of these gestures and compares it to sign language intended for use by those with hearing or speech disabilities.
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Walker, Jerell R.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Political Leadership of Robert L. Owen (open access)

Political Leadership of Robert L. Owen

Article explores the life and career of United States Senator, attorney, and Cherokee agent Robert L. Owen. Wyatt W. Belcher focuses on the man's political beliefs and leadership, describing him as a practical politician never caught unawares despite his idealist side.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Belcher, Wyatt W.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oklahoma Indians and the "Summer Institute of Linguistics" (open access)

Oklahoma Indians and the "Summer Institute of Linguistics"

Article discusses the eleven-week "Summer Institute of Linguistics" held by the University of Oklahoma, a session created to train students how to study unwritten languages and eventually translate the Bible into the languages of the tribes of Oklahoma. W. A. Willibrand describes the institute's instructors, students, and how descriptive linguistics can be used as a tool for evangelism.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Willibrand, W. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Robert Lee Williams as I Knew Him (open access)

Robert Lee Williams as I Knew Him

Article provides a transcript of the address given by Baxtor Taylor at the dedication of the monument to Robert L. Williams. Taylor provides his personal perspective on the life of the judge and discusses his own experience as a newspaper editor in Atoka reporting on the Constitutional Convention Williams attended.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Taylor, Baxter
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 31, Number 4, Winter 1953-54 (open access)

Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 31, Number 4, Winter 1953-54

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation. Index to volume 96 starts after page 461.
Date: Winter 1953
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 31, Number 1, Spring 1953 (open access)

Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 31, Number 1, Spring 1953

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation.
Date: Spring 1953
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 31, Number 2, Summer 1953 (open access)

Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 31, Number 2, Summer 1953

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation.
Date: Summer 1953
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History