Ways of Making Southern Mountain Farms More Productive (open access)

Ways of Making Southern Mountain Farms More Productive

"The southern mountain farm often produces no more than a scant living for the family. Corn is the chief crop grown. Often part of the farm lies idle, being 'rested' while corn is grown on another part year after year until the land is worn out. By growing three or more crops in rotation, including clover, the farmer will be able to produce larger crops, make more money, and keep all crop land under cultivation all the time. Cattle, hogs, and sheep will not only add to the cash income, but will help to increase the fertility of the soil, and render larger crops possible. This bulletin describes crop rotations for small mountain farms in the southern Alleghenies, and gives complete directions for starting a crop rotation that will make poor mountain land more productive." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Arnold, J. H. (Jacob Hiram), 1864-1921
System: The UNT Digital Library
Control of the Melon Aphis (Attacks Cucumbers, Melons, Other Cucurbits, Cotton, Oranges, Etc.) (open access)

Control of the Melon Aphis (Attacks Cucumbers, Melons, Other Cucurbits, Cotton, Oranges, Etc.)

"Next to the striped cucumber beetle the melon aphis, or 'melon louse,' is our most important cucumber insect pest and probably the most serious enemy of melons and related crops in this country. It works quickly, sucking the juices of the plants and causing them to wither and die, often before insect injury is suspected. Large fields often are destroyed in a few days.... This bulletin describes several methods of control, the most important of which is spraying with nicotine sulphate, as described on pages 11 and 12. Keep a constant lookout for first signs of injury and employ control measures promptly on the appearance of the insect; otherwise the entire crop may be lost. Be careful to select the best spraying devices appropriate for work against this pest, as described on pages 13 and 14." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Chittenden, F. H. (Frank Hurlbut), 1858-1929
System: The UNT Digital Library
How to Reduce Weevil Waste in Southern Corn (open access)

How to Reduce Weevil Waste in Southern Corn

"In weevil-infested regions ears with poor shuck coverings are damaged before the corn can be stored. To store corn with short, loose shucks results in greatly increased loss. Shucks that extend beyond the tips of the ears and close tightly about the silks are weevil proof both in the field and in storage. Feed or sell the unprotected ears as rapidly as possible. Store the weevil-proof ears in the their shucks. Select the best ears, in the field if possible, for next year's seed. Be sure that these ears have long, tight shucks, so that your next crop will have better shuck protection. If necessary to store corn that does not have good shuck protection, the damage will be reduced if the corn is shucked, shelled, cleaned, and put in bags of close-woven cloth. A slatted crib lined with galvanized-wire netting have 1/4-inch meshes is ideal for the storage of the bags of grain, because it gives good ventilation and excludes rats and mice." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Kyle, C. H. (Curtis Hernon), b. 1878
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Principles of the Liming of Soils (open access)

The Principles of the Liming of Soils

"In the following pages information is presented regarding the materials used in liming, their preparation and use, as well as a discussion of the chemical changes brought about in the soil by lime, so far as they are known. The relative merits of different forms of lime are discussed and data furnished whereby the value of any particular form of lime for agricultural purposes may be determined approximately. The bulletin has been prepared primarily from the point of view of materials used in liming and of the principles involved in their use." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Shorey, Edmund C. (Edmund Cecil), 1865-1939
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Simple Way to Increase Crop Yields: Methods Followed by Farmers of the Coastal Plain Section of the Central Atlantic States in Building Up Soil Fertility (open access)

A Simple Way to Increase Crop Yields: Methods Followed by Farmers of the Coastal Plain Section of the Central Atlantic States in Building Up Soil Fertility

"The soils of the coastal plain section of the Central Atlantic States, as a rule, are light in character, have been farmed for generations, and need first of all a liberal supply of organic matter. This need should be met by growing such legumes as crimson clover, cowpeas, soy beans, red clover, and hairy vetch. Rye, buckwheat, and the grasses are also valuable in this connection. Commercial fertilizer and lime should be used freely when necessary to stimulate the growth of these soil-improving crops. By arranging the cropping system to include one or more legumes that supply the land with nitrogen and humus, crop yields have been greatly increased on many farms scattered throughout this region. The systems followed on a few of the more successful of these farms are described in detail in the following pages." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Miller, H. A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Place of Sheep on New England Farms (open access)

The Place of Sheep on New England Farms

"Conditions created by the European war have made sheep raising on a small scale a very profitable enterprise for the New England farmer so situated as to take advantage of the economic conditions. Prior to the recent remarkable advance in prices of wool and mutton, sheep raising in New England was comparatively unprofitable, but now, under certain conditions, a revival of the industry seems desirable. This bulletin tells briefly how the industry was organized in 1914, and discusses the difficulties to be met in expanding the business, with special reference to improvement in breeding stock, better care, and more efficient disease control." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Branch, F. H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Soy Beans in Systems of Farming in the Cotton Belt (open access)

Soy Beans in Systems of Farming in the Cotton Belt

This bulletin discusses ways that soybeans may be used in systems of farming in the Cotton Belt of the United States. Soybeans are a legume that may be used as a fertilizer, livestock feed, oil, or human food.
Date: 1918
Creator: Smith, A. G. (Alfred Glaze), 1881-
System: The UNT Digital Library
Spraying for the Control of Insects and Mites Attacking Citrus Trees in Florida (open access)

Spraying for the Control of Insects and Mites Attacking Citrus Trees in Florida

"Under Florida conditions spraying is the most effective method for the control of citrus pests. In the past there have been many failures, and much money has been expended without adequate returns to the grower in better fruit and increased yields. These failures have been due to various causes, such as improper equipment, ineffective insecticides, and a lack of a proper spraying schedule. This bulletin gives information regarding the best equipment for Florida conditions, and directions for preparing effective homemade insecticides. There is also given a spraying schedule that has proved satisfactory after several years of practical experience and such other information as will enable the grower to control citrus pests in a satisfactory manner. Spraying improves the grades of the fruit and increases the yield of the trees out of all proportion to its cost, if the work is done properly." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Yothers, W. W.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cereal Smuts and the Disinfection of Seed Grain (open access)

Cereal Smuts and the Disinfection of Seed Grain

"This bulletin is published for the purpose of providing a condensed but complete source of up-to-date information for practical use in controlling cereal smuts by means of the most generally approved methods for the disinfection of seed grain.... Corn, wheat, rye, barley, oats, sorghum (including kafir and broom corn), and millet smuts are described and illustrated with photographs." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Humphrey, H. B. (Harry Baker), 1873-1955 & Potter, Alden A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Haymaking (open access)

Haymaking

"Haymaking is an operation that must be done in a certain space of time that is short at best and that is always liable to be made shorter by bad weather. For this reason there is perhaps no farm operation in which system and efficiency count for more than in haymaking; yet throughout the hay-growing area more or less haphazard methods of haymaking are still very common. This bulletin is designed to point out ways in which the more successful hay growers of the country save time and labor in this important field work. It tells how the growing scarcity of farm labor may be met by rearranging crews and changing methods, and by the adoption of up-to-date implements, such as the hay loader, push rake, and stacker. In addition to outlines of methods for various sized crews and acreages the bulletin presents, briefly, a discussion of the theory of curing hay, a thorough understanding of which is a great help in planning an efficient method of haymaking." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: McClure, H. B. (Harry B.)
System: The UNT Digital Library
Eradication of Bermuda Grass (open access)

Eradication of Bermuda Grass

This bulletin describes Bermuda grass, a plant that is both highly valuable to pastures and also invasive in the southern United States, and gives suggestions for its control. Possible methods for eradication include the strategic use of shade, winterkilling, fallowing, hog grazing, and tilling practices.
Date: 1918
Creator: Hansen, Albert A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Rag-Doll Seed Tester: Its Use in Determining What Ears of Corn Are Fit for Seed (open access)

The Rag-Doll Seed Tester: Its Use in Determining What Ears of Corn Are Fit for Seed

"Almost every fall, hard freezing weather in one or more sections of the United States catches the corn crop in an immature condition and injures or destroys the ears for use as seed. The latest and sappiest ears are often killed, while other ears, somewhat drier, have but a portion of the kernels killed. Frequently there are some ears so mature and dry that they are not injured or but slightly injured. Under such circumstances the uninjured ears are suitable for seed. By inspection they can be separated from the green ears that were killed. However, some of the ears that appear mature and sound have been killed or badly injured. To separate these ears from those that give a good germination, it is necessary to test the germination of a few kernels from each ear. The rag doll has proved a convenient and satisfactory way of making these germination tests. An effective method of making and using the rag doll is here described." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Burt, George J.; Biggar, H. Howard & Trout, Clement E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Southern Corn Rootworm and Farm Practices to Control It (open access)

The Southern Corn Rootworm and Farm Practices to Control It

"Of all corn pests in the South one of the most serious is the larva, or young, of the 12-spotted cucumber beetle -- the so-called southern corn rootworm. True to its name, it feeds on the roots, but in young corn it also drills a small hole in the stem just above the first circle of roots, boring out the crown and killing the bud.... Progressive farming methods, as described in this bulletin, will reduce the ravages of this insect. Burn over waste places to destroy dead grass, weeds, and rubbish in which the beetles winter. If possible, avoid planting corn in fields which contained corn the year before. Enrich the soil by planting legumes so that the corn will have a better chance of recovering from rootworm injury. Protect the bobwhite. This bird destroys many beetles of the rootworm. By careful observations, extending over a period of years, find out the dates between which the rooworm does the most damage; then time your planting so that it will fall either before or after these dates, taking into consideration, of course, other important factors in crop production." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Luginbill, Philip
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hog Pastures for the Southern States (open access)

Hog Pastures for the Southern States

This bulletin describes how farmers in the southern United States can cultivate pastures for hogs using forage crops. Among the crops recommended are corn, sorghum, winter grains, alfalfa, several varieties of clover and beans, cowpeas, peanuts, chufas, sweet potatoes, mangels, and rape.
Date: 1918
Creator: Carrier, Lyman & Ashbrook, F. G. (Frank Getz), 1892-
System: The UNT Digital Library
Breeds of Light Horses (open access)

Breeds of Light Horses

"This bulletin gives concise information regarding the breeds of light horses and will be of particular usefulness to the farmer in those sections where light horses are preeminently fitted for his work, such as mountainous and hilly sections and where there are markets for horses for saddle and driving purposes. The breeds discussed are the Arabian, Thoroughbred, Standardbred, American Saddle, Morgan, Hackney, French Coach, German Coach, and Cleveland Bay. Of these, the Standardbred, American Saddle, and Morgan breeds were developed in this country. The origin, development, general appearance, and adaptability of the light breeds are discussed. There is no best breed of light horses. Some breeds are superior to others in certain respects and one breed may be better adapted than another to certain local conditions. The general requirements for a particular section and the popularity of a certain breed in a certain locality should receive the utmost consideration in choosing a breed." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Reese, H. H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Neufchâtel and Cream Cheese: Farm Manufacture and Use (open access)

Neufchâtel and Cream Cheese: Farm Manufacture and Use

This bulletin gives instructions for producing Neufchâtel and cream cheeses, which are soft cheeses that are useful in cooking. Also discusses the costs and equipment involved, as well as marketing techniques. Recipes included.
Date: 1918
Creator: Matheson, K. J. & Cammack, F. R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Velvet Beans (open access)

Velvet Beans

This bulletin describes the velvet bean, which is a legume useful in the southern United States for feeds and fertilizers. Topics discussed include varieties, planting practices, hay, feed production, and insect enemies.
Date: 1918
Creator: Tracy, S. M. (Samuel Mills), 1847-1920 & Coe, H. S.
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Simple Hog-Breeding Crate (open access)

A Simple Hog-Breeding Crate

This bulletin gives instructions for making a breeding crate which can be used to assist in the mating of hogs. "There are many types of breeding crates which the farmer may construct. The accompanying illustrations show a crate that can be operated by one man and is easily constructed on the average farm without involving much expense." -- p. 3
Date: 1918
Creator: Zeller, J. H. (John Henry), 1894-
System: The UNT Digital Library
Purple Vetch (open access)

Purple Vetch

This bulletin discusses purple vetch, a plant used for hay, manure, and pasturage that grows readily along the Pacific and Gulf Coasts of the United States.
Date: 1918
Creator: McKee, Roland
System: The UNT Digital Library
Horse Beans (open access)

Horse Beans

This bulletin discuss the horse bean (or fava bean), which is a legume cultivated widely in many nations and holds great potential as a crop along the Pacific and Gulf Coasts of the United States.
Date: 1918
Creator: McKee, Roland
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sweet-Potato Storage (open access)

Sweet-Potato Storage

"The proper storage of sweet potatoes is one of the most important food-conservation measures that can be put into effect in the Southern States. No perishable product produced in the South is of as great importance as the sweet potato, and none is so poorly handled. This bulletin describes in considerable detail the types of storage houses that have proved successful and the proper method of handling sweet potatoes from harvesting to marketing. For those growers who are not able to build storage houses, directions are given for saving the sweet potato crop by using outdoor cellars and banks." -- p. 2
Date: 1918
Creator: Thompson, H. C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
How to Use Sorghum Grain (open access)

How to Use Sorghum Grain

This bulletin discusses the uses of sorghum grain, including in animal feeds, human food, and alcohol production.
Date: 1918
Creator: Ball, Carleton R. (Carleton Roy), 1873-1958 & Rothgeb, Benton E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Soy Bean: Its Culture and Uses (open access)

The Soy Bean: Its Culture and Uses

This bulletin discusses soybean cultivation and the uses of soybeans. Soybeans may be used in mixtures, hay, pastures, silage, and as fertilizing agents through crop rotation.
Date: 1918
Creator: Morse, W. J. (William Joseph), b. 1884
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cooling Milk and Cream on the Farm (open access)

Cooling Milk and Cream on the Farm

This bulletin discusses ways for maintaining the cool temperature of milk and cream on the farm in order to prevent bacterial growth. Among the methods discussed are natural ice, surface coolers, cooling tanks, wells and spring water.
Date: 1918
Creator: Gamble, J. A.
System: The UNT Digital Library