Los de Abajo:  Novela (cuadros y escenas de la revolución mexicana) (open access)

Los de Abajo: Novela (cuadros y escenas de la revolución mexicana)

First book edition of the most famous novel of the Mexican Revolution. It appeared first a serial within a local newspaper, El Paso del Norte, but later was issued as a single work. It was published in El Paso where the author resided in exile. Subsequent editions are quite different from this first version.
Date: 1916
Creator: Azuela, Mariano, 1873-1952
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History

[26000 Troops in Military Parade #1]

Postcard of the 6th Ohio Band from the military during a parade. Children can be seen walking near the parade following the soldiers on either side. A dog can be seen in the bottom left corner of the photograph, it appears to be following the leader of the parade. On the back of the postcard there is writing. The note says, " 9/21/16. Had Dome Parade. Was 20 miles long. Carl. El Paso."
Date: September 21, 1916
Creator: Horne, W. H.
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Preparedness Parade #1]

Postcard depicting a parade celebrating the war effort. The Preparedness Parade was a part of a movement by Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military after the beginning of World War I. During this time the United States also supported the revolutionary forces in the Mexican Revolution.
Date: June 14, 1916
Creator: Horne, W. H.
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Preparedness Parade #2]

Postcard depicting a parade celebrating the war effort. The Preparedness Parade was a part of a movement by Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military after the beginning of World War I. During this time the United States also supported the revolutionary forces in the Mexican Revolution.
Date: June 14, 1916
Creator: Horne, W. H.
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Preparedness Parade #3]

Postcard depicting a parade celebrating the war effort. The Preparedness Parade was a part of a movement by Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military after the beginning of World War I. During this time the United States also supported the revolutionary forces in the Mexican Revolution.
Date: June 14, 1916
Creator: Horne, W. H.
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Adobe Cook-House at Glenn Springs, Texas]

Postcard of an "Adobe Cook-House at Glenn Springs, Texas in which 9 U.S. Soldiers made their Defense against Mexican Bandits". These are some, if not all, all of the same soldiers that are also pictured in postcard WH PC 189-001 https://edit.texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth187877/ The adobe structure in this image appears to have suffered some fire damage. We cannot positively identify the adobe structure in this postcard as being the same adobe structure in postcard WH PC 189-001 however most of the soldiers are the same if not all the same. This postcard appears to be an "after" picture and the aforementioned postcard appears to be the "before" picture. Presumably the "before" and "after" postcard after the battle with the alleged Mexican bandits - not shown in either postcard. The soldiers are armed with service rifles and some of the soldiers are also carrying service revolvers in their holsters. The location is Glenn Springs, Texas in the Big Bend National Park.
Date: 1916~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Ambulance Co. No. 1]

Postcard image of a series of small tents with blankets laying over the top (to "air out") and a line of parked vehicles including automobiles and covered wagons that appear to be motorized. The caption in the lower-right corner says: 'Ambulance Co. No. 1 near Namiquipa, Mexico'. Several unidentified men are walking near the tents and vehicles.
Date: 1916/1917
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Battlefield Scene in Mexico #1]

Postcard image of five mounted U.S. Army Soldiers standing in a loose semi-circle in the Mexican desert, with the four facing the front of the image, looking at a dead Insurrecto. The men are all wearing U.S. Army uniforms and hats; the man on the ground is missing a shoe, lying in front of a bush. The area has low desert brush and mountains are visible in the far background. Handwritten text on the back: "am well hope you the same [...] your son E W Murray."
Date: 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Battlefield Scene in Mexico #2]

Postcard image of five mounted U.S. Army Soldiers standing in a loose semi-circle in the Mexican desert, with the four facing the front of the image, looking at a dead Insurrecto. The men are all wearing U.S. Army uniforms and hats; the man on the ground is missing a shoe, lying in front of a bush. The area has low desert brush and mountains are visible in the far background. The back of the postcard reads: "This is just like the we are camping at." Signed, " Louis " . This postcard is addressed to: "Mr. S _ _ _ narde Young, 49 Abbott St., Worcester, Mass."
Date: 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Brigadier General George Bell]

Postcard of Brigadier General George Bell. This image appears to show the arrival of General Bell into El Paso, Texas. Two unknown Army soldiers, perhaps one man is his driver, are flanking General Bell who is wearing the white mustache. Also, the Army band stands to the left of the General - the band was usually reserved for special ceremonies or for change in command ceremonies as well. One member of the Army Band is holding a French Horn. Brigadier General Bell replaced Brigadier General Pershing as Commander of the El Paso Patrol District after Pershing was sent into Mexico on his Punitive Expedition. The Punitive Expedition was the U.S. response after Pancho Villa's raid on Columbus, New Mexico. After the raid on Columbus, New Mexico, the City of El Paso was in a panic and feared that Pancho Villa would also attack the City of El Paso. General Bell helped to settle the panic by sending 5 companies, from the 16th U.S. Infantry, to guard the border between El Paso and Ciudad Juarez.
Date: 1916~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Camp Stewart]

Photograph of Camp Stewart, which was located in far eastern El Paso, Texas, ca. 1916. In the background are the eastern slopes of the Franklin Mountains. Camp Stewart existed in El Paso, Texas, ca. 1916/1917. Camp Stewart was a temporary U.S. Army Camp that was specifically established by General John Joseph Pershing (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948), near present day Fort Bliss, Texas; set up to defend the Texas/U.S. border against possible U.S. attacks/raids against the Mexican Revolutionary Pancho Villa and his armies. Camp Stewart served as the base camp for the U.S. Army Troops that were also part of General Pershing's Punitive Expedition.
Date: 1916/1917
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Catholic Church in Mexico]

Postcard of the interior 'Altar' area for an unidentified Mexican Church. It is not clear whether this is a 'Mexican Church' somewhere in El Paso, Texas or a 'Mexican Church' somewhere in Mexico. The Altar area and surrounding architecture is decorative and ornate and is a typical representation of 'Jesus at the Altar'. Various Saints surround 'Jesus' and behind 'Jesus' is the Church Tabernacle and above and behind the Tabernacle there appears to be an affixed Catholic Monstrance. Unfortunately this postcard has no information to tell us more about where this image was captured and of what church in Mexico [or elsewhere] this image represents. Walter Horne writes [reverse side postcard]: "My dear Mother & Ed. Have been on the hump every minute. Will write at once. Am all OK every way. Glad you are both well. Love," Water.
Date: 1916~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[China Town, Colonia Dublan, Mexico]

Postcard of U.S. soldiers from the Punitive Expedition exploring China Town in Colonia Dublan, a Mormon colony in Mexico. General John J. Pershing established his headquarters at Colinia Dublan for the duration of the expedition. Groups of soldiers converse with one another as they stop at individual tents and huts. In the far distance, a wagon is traveling away from the town.
Date: [1916..1917]
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Colonia Díaz - Chihuahua, Mexico]

The postcard caption reads: 'U.S. Soldiers resting under shade trees at Colonia Díaz'. This group of U.S. Soldiers is part of the American Punitive Expedition or Mexican Expedition who were sent into Mexico to confront and/or capture Mexican Revolutionary Francisco "Pancho" Villa. The Punitive Expedition into Mexico was led by Brigadier General John J. Pershing. The Punitive Expedition into Mexico went on from March 14, 1916 to around February 7, 1917. Colonia Díaz itself was the first permanent Mormon colony in Mexico, located along the Casas Grandes River, in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. Back of the postcard: 4/24/16 'My Dear G M - Everything fine here. Glad you are well. Try and enjoy yourself. Will write soon. Doing business! Walter'. Addressed to: G.M. Horne, Box 365, Portland, Maine. This postcard has a 1912 1c Washington, green, single line watermark stamp.
Date: April 25, 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Dead Bandit]

Photograph of an unidentified rancher on horseback looking down at the body of a dead Mexican 'bandit' or Insurrecto somewhere in the Chihuahuan Desert. The postcard captions reads: 'The bodies of dead bandits found all along the trail of Pancho Villa'. See also postcards: [Battlefield Scene in Mexico] - WH-PC-185-009; and [Battlefield Scene in Mexico - Duplicate] - WH-PC-196-012.
Date: 1916/1917
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Disinterring Bodies of U.S. Soldiers]

The caption on this postcard reads: 'Disinterring Bodies of U.S. Soldiers in Mexico as the Troops Withdraw.' We can conclude, because of the written words on this postcard, that this event was captured somewhere in Mexico and that it is most likely somewhere near the U.S./Mexico Border- according to the creator of this image. The author of the caption wrote that this fallen soldier was being disinterred; presumably from where he fell during the battle. It was common to bury soldiers where they fell in battle because some military figures like General Pershing believed that burying a serviceman at the battlefield with their comrades offered the greatest glory for the fallen soldier. Bodies were also buried in temporary graves to prevent the spread of disease and also because the unit needed to remain mobile. The bodies, sometimes, were then retrieved at a later time so that the serviceman's remains could be sent home for a 'proper burial'. Several soldiers can be seen disinterring the body. A wood casket rests near the grave. Please also see postcard [Disinterring the Body of U.S. Soldier] WH-PC-196-017 for more information on this event.
Date: May 23, 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Disinterring the Body of a U.S. Soldier]

The front of the postcard reads: 'Disinterring the Body of a U.S. Soldier in Mexico - the Victim of a Sniper.' The information on the back of the postcard reads as: 'Disinterring the body of a U.S. Soldier in Mexico - the victim of a sniper. 145 Davis Marksbury, killed in action May 23, 1916.' We have no information for the number 145. Please also see postcard [Disinterring Bodies of U.S. Soldiers] WH-PC-196-015. Some of the Army soldiers in the photographic event are also some of the soldiers than can be seen in postcard WH-PC-196-015. According to database FamilySearch, Davis Marksbury was 'killed in action in engagement with Cervantes's bandits in Mexico, May 25, 1916.' More information on Davis Marksbury can be found at: https://wdoabook.blogspot.com/2011/05/today-in-manhunting-history-may-25-1916.html
Date: May 23, 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[General John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing]

Postcard of General John J. Pershing disembarking from a train. General Pershing is seen in this image shaking the hand of the unknown man who is wearing the derby style hat and the heavy overcoat. The other Army Officer, left, is identified as Major General Robert Lee Howze (1864 - 1926) of the 11th Cavalry. General Howze was in command of the 11th Cavalry during General Pershing's Expedition into Mexico. General Howze is credited for commanding the unit that rescued Captain L. H. Morey at Carrizal on or about 26 June 1916. This meeting most likely took place at the Union Depot Passenger Station in El Paso, Texas.
Date: 1916~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Gila Monster]

Postcard image of a Gila Monster. The postcard caption reads: 'Deadly poisonous Gila monster found on [sic] the deserts of the southwest.' Location of this event - somewhere in the Desert Southwest of the United States. The Gila monster is a species of venomous lizard that is native to the Southwestern United States and is also found in the Mexican state of Sonora, Mexico. Within the United States, the Gila monster can be found in states of Arizona, some parts of California, Nevada, Utah, and New Mexico. The Gila monster is a heavy lizard; typically slow-moving; and can grow up to 14 inches (on average) long. The Gila monster is the only venomous lizard native to the United States and is also the largest surviving lizard species in the United States. The name 'Gila' comes from the Gila River Basin where these lizards were once plentiful in numbers. Back of postcard: This postcard was mailed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Box 185, Hallowell, Maine. This postcard is post marked, El Paso, Texas, October, 30, 1916. This postcard has a 1 cent stamp on it. This postcard is a duplicate postcard of WH-PC-199-025. Note: The Gila River Basin encompasses a large part …
Date: October 30, 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Gila Monster]

Postcard image of a Gila Monster. The postcard caption reads: 'Deadly poisonous Gila monster found on [sic] the deserts of the southwest.' Location of this event - somewhere in the Desert Southwest of the United States. The Gila monster is a species of venomous lizard that is native to the Southwestern United States and is also found in the Mexican state of Sonora, Mexico. Within the United States, the Gila monster can be found in states of Arizona, some parts of California, Nevada, Utah, and New Mexico. The Gila monster is a heavy lizard; typically slow-moving; and can grow up to 14 inches (on average) long. The Gila monster is the only venomous lizard native to the United States and is also the largest surviving lizard species in the United States. The name 'Gila' comes from the Gila River Basin where these lizards were once plentiful in numbers. Back of postcard: This postcard was mailed to Miss G.M. Horne, Box 365, Portland, Maine. This postcard is post marked, El Paso, Texas, October 30, 1916. This postcard has a 1 cent stamp on it. This postcard is a duplicate postcard of WH-PC-199-023. Note: The Gila River Basin encompasses a large part …
Date: October 30, 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Guarding the Bodies of U.S. Soldiers Killed at Columbus, New Mexico]

Postcard of a U.S. soldier guarding the tent where the caskets of fallen soldiers are held in Columbus, New Mexico.
Date: March 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[House of W. K. Ellis, Glenn Springs, Texas]

Postcard of the House of W. K. Ellis, Glenn Springs, Texas and the Squad of [the] 14th [U.S. Army] Calvary. Glenn Springs, Texas is located within the Big Bend National Park in the southwest part of the State of Texas. The Big Bend National Park includes the entire Chisos Mountain Range and stretches into Mexico within the state of Chihuahua and the state of Coahuila, Mexico. The entire park is approximately 1252 square miles in area. The image shows ten U.S. Soldiers standing in front of this mixed wood and adobe structure. Nine men stand in front of the structure and the 10th man is at the side of the structure, left side of image. The soldiers are armed with service rifles and some of the soldiers are also carrying service revolvers in their holsters.
Date: 1916~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Lem H. Spillbury]

Postcard of Lem H. Spillsbury holding flowers. Lem H. Spillsbury was a Mormon Scout for the 10th Cavalry U.S. Army in Carrizal, Chihuahua, Mexico. Spillsbury led and guided Captain Charles Trumbull Boyd and his small command of men, including Black Troops, into Carrizal, Chihuahua. Spillsbury and other members of the unit were subsequently captured and held after the Battle of Carrizal, 21 June 1916. By June 29th, Spillsbury along with 23 Negro Troops from the 10th Cavalry were released unharmed and into the custody of General George Bell Jr., (January 22, 1859 – October 29, 1926 - 16th Infantry Regiment) and were quartered at Fort Bliss, Texas. Spillsbury contends that it was Captain Boyd who was the aggressor in Carrizal while other witnesses and soldiers contend that it was the Mexicans Soldiers who ambushed the U.S. Troops - accounts vary on both sides. Among the dead at the Battle of Carrizal were Captain Charles Trumbull Boyd of the 10th Cavalry and First Lieutenant Henry Rodney Adair both Killed in Action on 21 June 1916. Both Troop C and Troop K of the 10th Cavalry suffered loses in the Battle of Carrizal.
Date: June 1916
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Mexican boy with his donkey]

The postcard caption reads: 'Scene along the march of the U.S. Soldiers in Mexico'. The scene in this photograph was somewhere in Mexico. An unknown Mexican boy stands next to his donkey as he poses for this photograph. The donkey was saddled up for riding. Over the right shoulder of the Mexican boy there stands an Army supply wagon that is harnessed to two mules. An old adobe home, perhaps the home of the Mexican boy and his family, is visible in the background. This was most likely a small ranch. A U.S. Army Soldier is riding the wagon with the two mules. And at least 4 other U.S. Soldiers are visible in this photograph.
Date: 1916/1917
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History