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International Conference of Mine-Experiment Stations: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., September 14-21, 1912. (open access)

International Conference of Mine-Experiment Stations: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., September 14-21, 1912.

Report discussing an international conference on mine-experiment stations assembling in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The United States sent invitations to countries that had mine-experiment stations, Great Britain and Canada were the only countries, that did not accept invitation.
Date: 1914
Creator: Rice, George S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 17, July 1913 - April, 1914 (open access)

The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 17, July 1913 - April, 1914

The Texas State Historical Association Quarterly Report includes "Papers read at the meetings of the Association, and such other contributions as may be accepted by the Committee" (volume 1, number 1). These include historical sketches, biographical material, personal accounts, and other research. Index is located at the end of the volume starting on page 447.
Date: 1914
Creator: Texas State Historical Association
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Manifiesto del C. Gral Francisco Villa a la nación y documentos que justifican el desconocimiento del C. Venustiano Carranza como primer jefe de la revolución. (open access)

Manifiesto del C. Gral Francisco Villa a la nación y documentos que justifican el desconocimiento del C. Venustiano Carranza como primer jefe de la revolución.

Book with copies of communications between generals in the north of Mexico and the Carranza government.
Date: 1914
Creator: Villa, Pancho, 1878-1923.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
El conflicto personal de la revolución mexicana (open access)

El conflicto personal de la revolución mexicana

Provides an account of the personal conflict felt by the author regarding the Mexican Revolution and the ensuing reign of Venustiano Carranza. The pamphlet calls for an end to caudillos; however, it is sympathetic to Villa. Although written during Chocano’s travels to New Orleans, it was published in El Paso, Texas.
Date: 1914?
Creator: Chocano, José Santos, 1875-1934.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Estudio sobre la cuestión agraria : proyecto de ley (open access)

Estudio sobre la cuestión agraria : proyecto de ley

This government-produced work discusses land reform and tenure in Mexico. Completed on December 15th, 1914, the second part of this pamphlet outlines Rouaix and Novelo’s agrarian recommendations to the “First chief of the Constitutional Army, Charged with the Executive of the Nation,” Venustiano Carranza. Most significant is the call for a return to the ejido system for communal use of lands by villages in an effort to raise national productivity through effective land usage. Includes: Prontuario de las materias que comprende el proyecto de la nueva ley agraria (p. [25]-39).
Date: 1914
Creator: Rouaix, Pastor, 1874-1950. & Novelo, José I.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History

[American Insurrectos, Juarez, Mexico]

Postcard image reads: American Insurrectos [American Insurgents aka American Mercenaries aka American Soldiers of Fortune ], taking first Federal stronghold, Juarez, Mexico 1131. We have no information on what number the 1131 represents. The American Insurrectos seen in this image are standing on an adobe brick wall. There is no information about the names for these men. Adobe homes are in the background. The men are armed with a variety of weapons: bolt action rifles; revolvers; repeating rifles; and one man, far left, is armed with bayonet knife. When the Mexican Revolution began, "Soldiers of Fortune" traveled from around the world and came to El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juarez to take part in the Mexican Revolution. Many were paid and many more saw no payment at all. Some of the better known organized soldiers of fortune were the Madero's El Falange De Los Estranjeros - also known as the "Gringo Rag-Tag Battalion"; Pancho Villa's American Legion: and Obregon's or Carranza's Armies. The hired soldiers of fortune fought on both sides of the Revolution. Better known individual soldiers of fortune were men like Sam Dreben, the fighting Jew, and Guiseppi Garibaldi.
Date: 1914~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Mexican Family Sits to Eat #1]

Postcard image of an unidentified Mexican family -- two women, one young female, and a man -- seated in a semi-circle on the dirt ground in front of their tent. On the ground in front of them, there is a cup near the man's feet (at left), a stack of homemade tortillas on top of one of the larger cooking pots, and a coffee pot. The back of the postcard reads: "Tortillas for dinner. (Tortillas are made of either corn or flour, water & salt.) A small of dough is slapped into a pan cake and cooked on a tin or anything convenient over a small fire", Walter. The postcard is dated March 13, 1914.
Date: 1914~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Mexican Quarters #1]

Postcard image of an unidentified rural neighborhood in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, with the handwritten label "Mexican Quarters" at the bottom. The image was taken from a hill and there is a mix of adobe houses and wooden shacks with wooden fencing built around an open square below, and other buildings along the ridge of other hills in the left and center parts of the image. In the square, an unidentified woman is hanging laundry and several horses are visible, as well as a wagon; three other people are walking up a path in the background. Written on the back of the postcard, "Haven't forgotten you. Will write soon. Everything fine, Walter." The postcard is addressed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Hallowell, Maine.
Date: March 1914
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Customs Officers and Guards #2]

Photograph of a group of people standing outside a one-story brick building with the caption, "Customs Officers and Guards. Juarez, Mexico." There appears to be a main entrance to the right and a smaller doorway on an addition to the left; both doorways are decorated with Mexican flags and banners aw well as a framed picture of President Venustiano Carranza above the left doorway. Seven men are standing around the outside of the building including two in the main doorway (one holding a shotgun) and a man and a woman in the second doorway. The back of the postcard says, "Sunday morning. Dear Mrs. Marston: I wish I could walk up your little hill tonight and drop in on you. Awful sick of loafing around. Ed."
Date: 1914~
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Mexican Family Sits to Eat #2]

Postcard image of an unidentified Mexican family -- two women, one young female, and a man -- seated in a semi-circle on the dirt ground in front of their tent. On the ground in front of them, there is a cup near the man's feet (at left), a stack of homemade tortillas on top of one of the larger cooking pots, and a coffee pot. The postcard is post marked March 13, 1914, El Paso, Texas. The postcard reads: "Note the 'shoes' on the man. The whole family wore the same kind. Tortillas (corn or flour - water & salt) for dinner. A small ball of dough is slapped into a pancake and cooked on a piece of tin over a camp fire". The postcard is addressed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Hallowell, Maine, Loudeu Hill.
Date: March 13, 1914
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Mexican Quarters #2]

Postcard image of an unidentified rural neighborhood in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, with the handwritten label "Mexican Quarters" at the bottom. The image was taken from a hill and there is a mix of adobe houses and wooden shacks with wooden fencing built around an open square below, and other buildings along the ridge of other hills in the left and center parts of the image. In the square, an unidentified woman is hanging laundry and several horses are visible, as well as a wagon; three other people are walking up a path in the background. A handwritten note on the back addressed to Miss G. M. Horne says, "Dear G.M. Haven't forgotten you. Will write soon. Everything fine and lots of work. Walter. "
Date: March 21, 1914
Creator: Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Customs Officers and Guards #1]

Photograph of a group of people standing outside a one-story brick building with the caption, "Customs Officers and Guards. Juarez, Mexico." There appears to be a main entrance to the right and a smaller doorway on an addition to the left; both doorways are decorated with Mexican flags and banners aw well as a framed picture of President Venustiano Carranza above the left doorway. Seven men are standing around the outside of the building including two in the main doorway (one holding a shotgun) and a man and a woman in the second doorway. The back of the postcard is addressed to Sr. Guillermo Stein.
Date: April 28, 1914
Creator: Stein, William & Horne, Walter H., 1883-1921
Object Type: Postcard
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Aurelio "Leo" Reynosa, at 14 or 15 years old]

Photograph of Aurelio "Leo" Reynosa (on left) with fellow soldier during Reynosa's time with revolutionary Pancho Villa. Both young men are wearing military uniform.
Date: 1914
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

The Mexican situation: new commercial atlas map of Mexico.

Map shows U.S. Army forts in South Texas, chief centers of rebellion in Mexico and names of the leaders in each region; positions and names of U.S. Naval warships in the Pacific Ocean, Gulf of California, Gulf of Mexico, Bay of Campeche, and the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Includes index of Mexico's principal cities with a "pronouncing vocabulary", and information on the United States Army and Navy, and the Mexican Army and Navy. Relief shown by hachures. Scale [ca. 1:4,560,000].
Date: 1914
Creator: Rand McNally and Company
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

The Mexican Situation [1914].

Map shows the geography, political boundaries, and cities in early twentieth century Mexico and the southwest United States. Index to principal cities is listed. Inset: "State of Mexico and Surrounding Country (enlarged scale), c1910. Includes text about Mexican events, 1913-1914, with war figures and statistics on the United States Army and Navy, and on the Mexican Army and Navy, as well as a map of North America from "The Rand-McNally new commercial atlas," c1912, on verso. Relief shown by hachures. Scale [ca. 1:4,420,000].
Date: 1914
Creator: Rand McNally and Company
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

Nuevo Laredo, Mex.

Photograph of Nuevo Laredo, Mexico. A handwritten note on the back of the photograph says, "Nuevo Laredo, Mex. looking across Rio Grande from Texas Side." A large bridge connecting the two cities is visible on the right side of the photograph.
Date: 1914
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

Juarez Race Track

Photograph of a horse race in Juarez, Mexico. The horses are passing the crowd at the moment of the photograph. Five names of horses are listed in a handwritten note on the back of the photograph.
Date: March 29, 1914
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
Seeing El Paso and the Valley (open access)

Seeing El Paso and the Valley

Pamphlet providing an overview of the town of El Paso and brief descriptions of missions and tourist spots in El Paso and its counterpart, Juarez.
Date: 1914
Creator: Cline, Elizabeth Wooten
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History