Report presenting the National Bureau of Standards' research program designed to determine and explain acid-base behavior in aprotic organic solvents and to develop methods and reference materials for determining total acid and base content and relative strengths of acids and bases in the media.

Report issued by the Bureau of Standards over "the basic theory and analytical methods used in the development of accurate microwave measurement methods and standards" (p. x). These methods are presented and discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

Report presenting a bibliography on atomic transition probabilities. The papers are arranged according to elements and stages of ionization, and the method employed and class of transitions are indicated behind each reference. Only articles on discrete transitions, both permitted and forbidden, are listed. Also included is a supplementary list of papers dealing with transition probabilities from a general point of view, a table showing the availability of numerical material on the individual atoms and ions, and a table of conversion factors.

Scientific paper issued by the Bureau of Standards over studies conducted on radio fading. As stated in the abstract, "the series of measurements on fading were devoted to studies of fading effects during the sunset period, effects during the solar eclipse of January 24, the fading variations throughout a 24-hour day, and the effects of high transmitting power on fading" (p. 419). This paper includes tables, maps, illustrations, and photographs.

Report issued by the National Bureau of Standards over calculations for cost-effective insulation in single-family housing. Different calculations are made with regards to location, energy pricing, heating and cooling equipment available, and financial criteria. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

From abstract: This paper presents the conflicts in the design and gives a solution. The complete evaluation requires assembly of the proposed apparatus to assess final accuracy.

From Abstract: "The results showed that a variable strain distribution existed in the alloy sheet at the time it was ready for insertion into a transformer core. Small applied comprehensive and tensile loads tended to rearrange this variable strain distribution but not appreciably alter the total stored elastic energy."

Report presenting a relativistic theory of motion that is free of many of the difficulties common in relativistic equations of motion. This Lagrangian theory describes fields and particles with arbitrary mass and charge and having any discrete spin, integer or half integer.

Report discussing the transient magnetic behavior of a paramagnetic substance, after an initial disturbance, considered theoretically for a variety of situations in which the lattice temperature rises as a result of energy flow from the magnetic (electron spin) system. Next, the opposite extreme is considered - that in which the resonant and remaining modes are totally uncoupled. Finally, there is a consideration of the case of spins coupled only to the resonant phonons, which in turn are coupled to a constant temperature bath, whether this be the helium or the remaining modes.

From Abstract: "This document is the final report of research carried on in the Electron Physics Section of the National Bureau of Standards during the period from February 1, 1955 to March 1962 in developing an electron optical method for the visualization of low-pressure gas flow."

Report issued by the National Bureau of Standards over standard penetration testing. The history, limitations, and testing procedures are presented. This report includes tables, photographs, and illustrations.

Abstract: Results of a research program to develop fitness-for-service criteria for assessing the significance of fatigue cracks in offshore structures are presented in five papers. Each paper describes the goals and approaches to a specific task and details the results of the study.

Scientific paper issued by the Bureau of Standards over the mutual inductance of two coaxial circles. As stated in the abstract, "a number of examples are given to show the methods of computation by the different formulas, tables, and charts" (p. 541). This paper includes tables, and illustrations.

Report issued by the National Bureau of Standards over investigations of construction failure in Cocoa Beach, Florida. Factors for the construction failure are discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

From Foreword: "This Monograph is one of a series intended to provide fundamental information required for the estimation and interpretation of atmospheric transmittance at infrared frequencies. Part I of this Monograph presents the fundamental properties of the 2.7m water vapor band in terms of line absorptions and the integrated transmittance at any frequency for infinite resolution. Part II presents examples of the "degraded" transmittance for finite resolution, as a function of the spectral slit width, concentration, and pressure with which direct observations may be compared."

Report presenting a survey and discussion of well-known microwave impedance measurement techniques. The discussion includes an introduction which emphasizes basic concepts and reflection coefficient-voltage standing-wave ratio relationships. Sources of error in the various measurement techniques are discussed and methods to reduce errors are presented. Methods using rotating loops and resonance lines are included and a brief discussion of microwave impedance standards is given.

A report on the necessity of improved motor-vehicle lighting.

Summary describing research projects and other activities undertaken by the U.S. National Bureau of Standards, lists of publications from the year, and a calendar of upcoming events.

Abstract: This is the history of the Institute for Numerical Analysis (INA) with special emphasis in its research program during the period 1947 to 1956. The Institute for Numerical Analysis was located on the campus of the University of California, Los Angeles. It was a section of the National Applied Mathematics Laboratories, which formed the Applied Mathematics Division of the National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Standards and technology), under the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Abstract: A reaction oriented list of references is provided for published papers and reports containing rate data or information on mechanism for reactions of ozone with various substrates in aqueous solutions. Catalyzed, as well as uncatalyzed, reactions are included. One hundred and sixty-four papers are listed. The period covered extends from 1913 to 1981.

Report issued by the National Bureau of Standards over use of the Norris Cotton Federal Building. The report focuses on the energy conservation features of the building. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

Report discussing photonuclear reactions in the approximate energy range 10 to 30 MeV. Various sum rules are discussed and applied to experimental data. Several different theories are described and their predictions compared with experiment, and as often as possible open questions and discrepancies are pointed out.

Abstract: Automated time-difference measurements at the picosecond level have been achieved. The system described combines the best properties of three common methods: the single heterodyne measurement technique, the frequency divider, and the dual-mixer time-difference measurement system. This particular system combines two instrumentation standards, ANSI/IFEE-583 and ANSI/IEEE-488 with new, modular dual-mixer time-difference measurement hardware. The modular, standardized hardware together with the new measurement techniques permit the data acquisition modules to be contained in a standard CAMAC crate. This system, along with an external controller, is capable of measuring eiqht clocks, at the present time, and is expandable to twenty-four clocks with modified software and additional measurement modules. The system noise performance is described by a (rT = 3 x 10^-12 t^-1 for time difference measurements.

Abstract: This volume presents the Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Precision Measurement and Fundamental Constants, held at the National Bureau of Standards in Gaithersburg, MD, from June 8-12, 1981. Like its 1970 predecessor, the Conference provided an international forum for theoretical, experimental, and applied scientists actively engaged in research on precision measurements relating to the fundamental physical constants, and on the testing of related fundamental theory. More specifically, the purpose of the Conference was to assess the present state of the precision measurement-fundamental constants field, to examine basic limitations, and to explore the prospects for future significant advances. The principal subjects covered were: frequency, wavelength, spectroscopy, quantum electrodynamics, the gas constant, x-ray interferometry, nuclidic masses, uncertainty assignment, gravitational acceleration, mass, electrical quantities, gravity, and relativity. These proceedings contain the vast majority of both the invited review papers and the contributed current research papers presented at the Conference. The new results reported at the Conference were considered for inclusion in the 1983 least-squares adjustment of the constants carried out under the auspices of the Task Group on Fundamental Constants of the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA).