Scope: As defined by the subcontract, Bechtel's responsibility is to determine the engineering and economic feasibility and preliminary design of a combination power and desalting plant using a nuclear energy heat source, which plant shall be deemed suitable for operation by the District by the year 1970.

From Summary: "This study has shown that waste heat sources are available at locations where salt or brackish water could be converted into fresh water by the utilization of waste heat."

Report investing the "effects of contaminated raw water supplies on conversion processes," and studying "potential technical and economic advantages of combination saline water and sewage effluent conversion plants" (p. 1).

From Summary and Conclusions: "After a period of tests at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1966 and 1967, the Vertical Tube Evaporator (VTE) Pilot Plant was moved to the OSW's East Coast Test Station at Wrightsville Beach, N.C. In the summer of 1967 it was installed and was started in upflow operation with seawater feed, using stem and other services provided by the station. The operation of the Pilot Plant at Wrightsville Beach was performed by Stearns-Roger Corporation under subcontract to ORNL. Operation was in the upflow mode during the entire reporting period."

Report documenting a the economic feasibility of using crystallization/evaporation and fluidized-bed granulation in the treatment of brine effluents.

Report studying the application and cost of using coal based steam power plants in desalination plants. Both Single Purpose Plants (wherein power is produced for the plant's needs) and Dual Purpose Plants (wherein extra power is produced for sale) are investigated.

Report containing development information and economic evaluation of felt membrane composition meant for use as a reverse osmosis desalination membrane.

Report regarding the feasibility of placing a desalting plant at Brownsville, Texas, at one of three possible locations.

Report issued by the Office of Saline over a summary of all work conducted at the Freeport, Texas test bed plant. The work done at the plant between 1961 and 1969 is presented and discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

Report concerning the relative costs of providing water via an electrodialysis-based water desalination plant that was only to be operated during periods of drought.

From Introduction: "As will be explained in more detail elsewhere in this report, casting methods and drying conditions have been found to have a drastic effect on film permeability to both water and salt. Errors that became evident in temperature control indicated that some of the previous high rates were obtained at temperatures considerably higher than the 100 degrees C that was intended and reported."

Report issued by the Office of Saline over the corrosive properties of sea water on metals. As stated in the report, "the following paragraphs outline the major factors which influence corrosion reactions" (p. 2). This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

From Abstract: "This report covers a study involving the use of radioisotope power as a heat source for saline water conversion."

From Introduction: "The use of a secondary heat-transfer media in a vapor-compression distillation unit was suggested for investigation as a process for saline water conversion because previous studies on the vapor-compression cycle at low temperatures showed that the fixed charges on the compressor are a substantial part of the final water-product cast. Other fluids were evaluated as above, the results of which are shown in table 1. Data on the other fluids shown in table 1 will be found in the appendix."

From Summary: "Based upon the results of the investigations on both the No. 3 and No. 4 stills, engineering designs for a 25,000 g.p.d. unit were developed. Sketches of this design and a description of the process are presented in this report."

Rpeort describing the electrodialysis process as a possible practical means for demineralizing saline waters. The tests described in the report are used to determine the effects of operating the process under field conditions, to provide estimates of the cost of demineralizing brackish waters on a large scale, and as a means of planning further needed research in this field.

From Introduction: "The primary objective in the development of the W. L. Badger Long Tube Vertical Multiple Effect Evaporator for saline water conversion is to minimize the ultimate cost of producing potable water. To accomplish the primary objective, it is necessary to (1) prevent formation of scale on heating surfaces, and (2) minimize corrosion to permit use of inexpensive materials of construction. The work done leading to this report was guided in the direction of accomplishing the two secondary objectives."