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Atomic Energy Commission Reports
84
AEC research and development report
24
AEC publication CONF
23
CONF (Series)
21
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Reports
21
TID
20
Brookhaven National Laboratory Reports
19
BNL (Series)
18
Report (U.S. Atomic Energy Commission)
15
National Bureau of Standards Reports
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Radioactivation Analysis
The development of nuclear reactors and other nuclear particle sources has given the analyst a new analysis method which can be successfully applied to the determination of microgram and submicrogram quantities of many elements. Known as "radioactivation analysis", this method is one in which an "activation" by some type of nuclear reaction is used to produce a radioactive isotope of the element to be determined. Since this radioisotope decays with its own characteristic radiations and half-life, it is possible to make radioactivation analysis a very specific analysis. Chemical separations of the radioisotope are employed whenever necessary and its radioactivity measured by some type of radiation counter.
Date:
November 30, 1960
Creator:
Leddicotte, G. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analog Stimulation of HRP In-Pile Slurry Loop Facility in the LITR
An analog simulation is made of the HRP in-pile slurry loop in the LITR. The radiolytic gas pressure in the pressurizer is determined. This pressure is a result of the generation of radiolytic gas in the loop core. A graphical result is obtained showing the effect of catalyst activity and pressurizer flow rate on the pressure rise from radiolytic gas. The thermal behavior of the system is studied, and the response to various controller settings is predicted. Controller settings very near optimum for the actual process were recommended from the analog study,
Date:
November 28, 1960
Creator:
Hinton, D. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design and Development of a High-Temperature High-Pressure Spectrophotometer System: Status Report
On 3/14/60 the Applied Physics Corporation was awarded a subcontract for the design and development of a high-temperature high-pressure spectrophotometer system based on the Cary Model 14pm Spectrophotometer insofar as possible, and consistent with our specifications, No. CTD-2, December 16, 1959.
Date:
November 12, 1960
Creator:
Biggers, R. E. & Wymer, R. G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experimental Determination of an Adequate Fission Chamber Location in the ORR Pool
An experiment was performed at the ORR in order to find a good fission chamber location. Two locations on the pool side of the reactor tank were explored with a one inch diameter fission chamber. The thermal neutron flux attention was found to vary nearly exponentially with distance, and no shadowing effect could be seen during a reactor startup. The fission products high gamma flux could be discriminated without difficulties. Both positions seem to be adequate to locate a reactor control fission channel.
Date:
November 4, 1960
Creator:
Roux, D. P. & Colomb, A. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analog Study of the Reference Design of the Gas-Cooled ORR Loop No. 1
A stimulation study of the deign as of June 1960 of the gas-cooled ORR Loop No. 1 was made using the ORNL analog computer. The proposed method of temperature control is evaluated, and the dynamic behavior of the loop for accidents and component failures is presented in graphical form.
Date:
November 8, 1960
Creator:
Ball, S. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Equipoise-2: A Two-Dimensional, Two-Group, Neutron-Diffusion Code for the IBM-7090 Computer
Equipoise-2, a two-dimensional, two-group neutron-diffusion code in R-Z geometry, has been programmed for the IBM-7090 computer. This code was designed to permit the running of large numbers of cases without requiring excessive machine time. Typical running times are of the order of one to three minutes per case for a 1000-point problems. The maximum number of mesh points that can be used is 1444.
Date:
November 21, 1960
Creator:
Fowler, T. B. & Tobias, Melvin
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Plasma Accumulation in a Device Fed by Energetic Ion Trapping
Simon (1960) has given a general steady state theory of plasma accumulation (without energy losses) in an OGRA device. Such a device is fed by injection of energetic molecular ions which dissociate to produce trapped protons. Initial trapping is achieved by dissociation in the background gas. Such a device is usually characterized by a critical input current of critical plasma density (a function of input current) above which plasma density builds up to a value limited by Coulomb-scattering losses. For a regime of operation of current interest at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (600-kev hydrogen molecular ion injection and dissociation, highly efficient ion-pumping action of the trapped plasma), extremely simple approximate formulas have been derived which describe with a fair degree of accuracy the critical current of density for plasma build-up.
Date:
November 10, 1960
Creator:
Mackin, R. J., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Compilation of Requests for Nuclear Cross Section Measurements
This report is a working document of the UB AEC Nuclear Cross Sections Advisory Group and is issued about twice a year for the purpose of stimulating important cross section measurements. The requests listed in this report have originated from various Atomic Energy Commission contractors, the Advisory Committee on Reactor Physics, and the Nuclear Cross Sections Advisory Group. The distribution is limited to members of the US Nuclear Cross Sections Advisory Group (NCSAG), the US Advisory Committee on Reactor Physics (ACRP), the Tripartite Nuclear Cross Sections Committee (TNCC), the European-American Nuclear Data Committee (EANDC), to US AEC off-site contractors, and to the requestors and measurers of the cross sections listed in this report. The contents of this document are not to be republished in part or in full without special permission of the chairman of the NCSAG, The unpublished data which appear in this report must not be quoted in publications without permission of the experimenter.
Date:
November 4, 1960
Creator:
Harvey, John A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Removal of Radioiodine from Air-Steam Mixtures
A short-term study was made to investigate the removal of radioiodine vapor from air-steam mixtures as could occur immediately following a nuclear incident in a pressurized water reactor. Activated charcoal traps, designed to simulate a small section of a commercial charcoal canister, were tested at gas velocities of 23.9 to 74.9 ft/min over the temperature range of 75 to 118°C. The iodine removal efficiency was found to range from 99.80 to 99.4% with an average of 99.9%. One test performed at a temperature of 105°C and with gas velocity of 290 ft/min indicated that the iodine removal efficiency was reduced to 99.54%. Activated charcoal exhibits a high efficiency for iodine vapor removal under these test conditions and appears suitable for application in the decontamination of air-steam mixtures.
Date:
November 14, 1960
Creator:
Adams, R. E. & Browning, W. E. Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Paper Presented by M. Minashin
The attached paper is a translation of a rough draft of the paper, "Operating Experience of the APS-1", presented by M. Minashin in Russian at the IAEA Conference on Small and Medium Power Reactors, Vienna, Austria, September 5-9, 1960.
Date:
November 1, 1960
Creator:
Ullmann, J. W. & Gerrrard, Martha
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrical and Electronic Symbols & Drawing Committee
This manual represents the recommendations of the Instrumentation and Controls Division committee on Electrical and Electronic Symbols and Drawing that have been issued to date. Section I consists of copies of the American Standards Association Graphical Symbols for Electrical Diagrams, with certain variations or additions that have been recommended by the Committee to clarify or more positively identify the device or element symbolized. Since publication of the present ASA standards, certain elements, such as the transistor, have come into common use. Committee and represent the symbols have been selected after considerable study by the Committee and represent the symbols that seem to be standard Reference Information series, Interim E--1.
Date:
November 1961
Creator:
Bates, A.E.G
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Removal of Strontium from Wastes
The hazard of Sr^90 arises in part from its fixation by phosphates in the skeletal system. It is natural then to consider compounds and minerals associated with the phosphate anion for applications in waste disposal. Calcium phosphate floc formation is widely used as a method for removing strontium from contaminated water. Also, calcerous soils are said to be effective for removing strontium from low-level wasters containing dissolved phosphates. It is suggested that one the mechanisms involved in strontium removal is the formation of calcium phosphate (apatite), with strontium substituting isomorphously.
Date:
November 28, 1960
Creator:
Tamura, T. & Struxness, E. G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Effect of Gallium on Plutonium Assay
Several of the plutonium assay methods were reexamined as part of a continuing effort to make improvements in these frequently used analyses. This investigation included a study of the controlled-potential coulometric, amperometric, potentiometric, and photometric titration methods and their applications to assays of delta-stabilized and alpha plutonium metal.
Date:
November 1962
Creator:
Bergstresser, K. S. (Karl Samuel), 1909-2004 & Waterbury, Glenn R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Servo System for Magnetic Controlled Constant Intensity Flat Top Beam Spill-Out
A uniform intensity flat top spill-out cannot be obtained by manual control for two reasons: 1. The horizontal density of the internal beam of the Cosmotron is far from uniform. As a result, a manually controlled linear motion of the internal beam into a target will result in a non-uniform spill-out intensity. 2. Stability requirements of the Cosmotron magnet voltage are not easily met without feedback because of inherent component stability. The proposed servo system will sense the external beam intensity, and correct the magnet voltage to keep this intensity constant. This servo must operate through the transfer function of the main ignitron system and the flat top filter. Both of those transfer functions impose special problems.
Date:
November 21, 1961
Creator:
Cottingham, J. G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Radiolysis and Pyrolysis of Several Polyaromatic Compounds
The radiolysis of several polyaromatic compounds which might be used as coolant material in a reactor was investigated using both gamma and reactor radiation. The compounds selected were naphthalene, anthracene, naphthacene, pyrene, phenanthrene, 1, 2 benzanthracene, chrysene, triphenylene, 9, 10 dihydrophenanthrene, phenazine, 7, 8, benzoquinoline and m-phenanthroline, in addition to the uncondensed ring compounds, biphenyl, ortho, meta and para terphenyl and bibenzyl. Gas yields, percentage decomposition, percentage "high boiler" and number average molecular weights were determined. A correlation was found between radiation stability and electron affinity and singlet triplet excitation energies. The most stable compounds were the condensed ring compounds, naphthalene, pyrene, chrysene, phenanthrene and triphenylene.
Date:
November 18, 1963
Creator:
Weiss, J.; Collins, C. H. & Sucher, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reflections on Pools
A pool of material in steady-state turnover is a collection of identical molecules from which deletions are made at a constant rate, along with simultaneous addition of new identical molecules at the same rate, the total pool size remaining unchanged. It is of interest to consider what may be expected in the way of such pools among the various chemical species which can be isolated from biological systems. It is clear what the model requires, i.e. any molecule belonging to the pool must have as much chance as any other pool molecule to make its exit. This situation is approximated by molecules in solution in a well mixed volume of fluid, hence the choice of the word "pool." The mixing brings pool molecules into proximity with the exit mechanism in a random way.
Date:
November 8, 1963
Creator:
Steele, Robert
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Time-Shared Computer Data Collection System at the Brookhaven Graphite Research Reactor
The increasing complexity of the data of nuclear physics has led to widespread interest in the possibility of utilizing a digital computer for on-line data collection. Through the combined efforts of the Instrumentation Division and the Neutron Physics group at Brookhaven such a system has been placed into operation. Several features of this system are believed to be unique and of interest to research groups centered about a major facility like a reactor or an accelerator.
Date:
November 19, 1963
Creator:
Chrien, R. E.; Rankowitz, S. & Spinrad, R. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Perturbation Techniques for the Deflecting Mode
The descriptive parameters of a waveguide with smooth or periodic structure are most easily measured in a waveguide section of suitable length which is transformed into a resonant cavity by placing short circuits at both ends. Measurements of dispersion diagram, phase velocity, group velocity, voltage attenuation coefficient, shunt impedance, field configuration, etc. all involve some form of perturbation technique. The introduction of a perturbing object in a resonant cavity changes the stored electric energy We and magnetic energy Wm by Δwe and ΔWm' resulting in a frequency shift Δf of the resonant frequency f, which is given by the perturbation formula of J. Muller.
Date:
November 18, 1963
Creator:
Hahn, H. & Halama, H. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Automatic Bubble Density Measurement with the Hough-Powell System
The Brookhaven Bubble Chamber Group is developing a Hough-Powell fast analysis system (HPD)1 for bubble chamber photographs. High precision measurements are made with a computer controlled flying spot digitizer. We are currently testing the track selection programs for the system. We have just completed a study of a method for automatic bubble density measurements.
Date:
November 18, 1963
Creator:
Strand, R. C. & Webre, N.W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Nature of the Hydrogen Bond in the Bifluoride Ion
We undertook the present diffraction study of the bifluoride ion in sodium acid fluoride and the present refinement of the earlier data on potassium acid fluoride with the hope of obtaining more accurate information not only on the position of the hydrogen atom, but also on the vibrations of the ion. We felt that it would be through the combination of information on the motions of the system from diffraction and spectroscopic studies that the question of the symmetry of the ion could be settled. In this paper we summarize briefly the results of our diffraction study and show that these data, in combination with the spectroscopic data, provide new, and we feel convincing, evidence that the F-H-F ion is linear and symmetric.
Date:
November 8, 1963
Creator:
Ibers, James A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lens Opacification in Mice Exposed to Monoenergetic Fast Neutrons
Early effects obtained with monoenergetic fast neutrons in mice have been described elsewhere. Emphasis in this report will be placed on the late effects of lens opacification (cataractogenesis), particularly during the period soon after irradiation with low or fractionated doses of neutrons at two energy levels, or X-rays. Considerations will also be given to the influence of age at time of irradiation upon the induction of lens opacities. Both studies are continuing, with periodic slit-lamp microscope examinations, but findings to date warrant this initial report at this conference.
Date:
November 19, 1963
Creator:
Bateman, J. L.; Bond, V. P. & Rossi, H. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
RBE of Monoenergetic Fast Neutrons: Cytogenetic Effects in Maize
Investigations on the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of densely ionizing radiations (with high LET, rate of linear energy transfer) are of importance in both fundamental and applied radiobiology. In the latter, they serve as a basis in setting permissible exposure levels for types of radiation about which little long range experience is available. Some of the best RBE studies have been done on chromosomal aberrations. The difficulty is determining RBE on the basis of chromosomal exchanges or 2-break aberrations is that the dose-response curves differ for radiations of different LET and dose rate. The dose-squared term tends to predominate with radiations of low LET (such as γ rays and most X rays) and high doses or dose rates; the linear term dominates with high LET tracks in general and at low doses or dose rates. The shape of the curves is thought to reflect the existence of two classes of mechanisms by which chromosome exchanges are produced; exchanges caused by the passage of a single ionizing particle account for the linear component of the dose-response curve, exchanges due to the interaction of effects of two independent ionizing particles are responsible for the dose-squared component. This model has been amply confirmed …
Date:
November 13, 1963
Creator:
Smith, H. H.; Bateman, J. L.; Quastler, H. & Rossi, H. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reutilization of DNA-Thymine, and Conversion of RNA-Pyrimidines for DNA-Thymine, in Normal Rat Bone Marrow Studies with Tritiated Nucleosides
If one injects into an animal H3-thymidine, 50% of it is incorporated into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), within approximately 30 to 45 minutes, while the rest is catabolized. A storage of H3-thymidine for later incorporation into DNA does not occur, on the basis of available evidence. Once incorporated, the label remains bound to DNA until cell death and no unequivocal evidence has as yet been presented to indicate metabolic renewal or intracellular turnover of the DNA molecule. The loss of labeled DNA from the bone marrow is therefore directly influenced by the rate of proliferation of the various cell types with release of mature cells into the peripheral blood.
Date:
November 13, 1963
Creator:
Feinendegen, L. E.; Bond, V. P.; Cronkite, E. P. & Hughes, W. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Use of Neutron Irradiations in the Brookhaven Mutations Program
In brief, these facilities consist of a 250 KvP X-ray generator; two areas of a research reactor, one a well thermalized unit of moderate capacity and a larger area with a mixed thermal and fast neutron distribution, all of which are used for brief, acute exposure. A 10 acre field, currently with almost 4000 curies of cobalt 60, serves to irradiate entire plants for either short or long periods of time. Recently, the flux density of the thermal column was increased by a factor of 5 over the original density. This was accomplished by lowering the thermal column 12 inches deeper into the reactor shield. Fast neutrons at this higher flux density are also available to the cooperator. An additional facility available to the program is the array of kilocurie gamma sources in the Nuclear Engineering Department of Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Date:
November 13, 1963
Creator:
Miksche, J. P. & Shapiro, S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library