The motivation for the measurement of the angular distribution of elastic scattering of medium energy protons and neutrons has been clearly presented by others. They have also listed the results obtained prior to their experiments at 31.5 Mev. This is a report on some results obtained with 30.6 Mev protons scattered from Be, C, and Al.

Abstract; Test instruments developed at the Dr. Förster Institute, Reutlingen, Germany, were considered for possible application to Savannah River nondestructive inspection problems involving stainless steel and aluminum tubing. None of the equipment can solve these problems without modifications. Several instruments are recommended for further study in connection with their use with aluminum tubing. None will be considered for use with stainless steel at this time."

It was found that hydrogen is introduced into uranium during process-annealing in a fused salt bath. The increased hydrogen content reduces the tensile elongation and general formability of the metal. The partial removal could be affected by annealing in argon, helium, or nitrogen, and better by annealing in high vacuum at temperatures above 450°C. The effect of the hydrogen content on the tensile properties was confirmed by annealing in hydrogen. Tensile properties, the hydrogen content, and certain X-ray results after each annealing treatment are presented and briefly discussed

The stability of a pinched plasma equilibrium with a longitudinal magnetic field superimposed on the characteristic azimuthal magnetic field of the pinch current is studied theoretically. The linearized solutions are developed as helical perturbations of the plasma surface, and the behavior of these is given for the different cases of uniform longitudinal, longitudinal field zero inside the plasma, and for helices of the same and opposite sense to the helix which describes the total magnetic field. Very approximately, the conclusions are: that the longitudinal field has the effect of stabilizing short-wave perturbations, but that some long-wave perturbations remain unstable no matter how large the externally imposed longitudinal magnetic field.

A series of measurements was performed to investigate the gamma ray spectra, in the region from about 100 kev to about 3 Mev, resulting from the capture of thermal neutrons in a number of elements. The purpose of the experiment was to supplement the high energy capture gamma ray data in order to remove some of the ambiguities from the proposed energy level schemes and to obtain information for the Shielding Group of Brookhaven National Laboratory on elements normally found in reactors.

This technical report describes experimental nuclear physics, mass spectroscopy, crystallography, experimental reactor physics, theoretical physics (general), reactor theory, electronic digital computers, and applied mathematics and computations (general).

Five continuous coatings were produced on zirconium coupons using an anodizing technique. These layers appear to be quite adherent and not subject to visible or audible failure caused by flaxion of the basis metal, Their abrasion resistance, though not investigated thoroughly, appears to be moderately good.

This report follows the study of the properties of eutectic uranium-chromium alloy which is of interest in the Dow-Detroit Edison power reactor. The reactor is described in this report, as well as the casting of alloy, shrinkage measurements during solidification, density measurements, microstructures and macrostructures, mechanical properties, and specific heat data.

Uranium precipitates obtained from Congo leach liquors by an ion exchange process contained more than 0.1 percent chloride. Attempts were made to reduce the chloride content of typical precipitates by calcination of dried precipitate, releaching of dried precipitate with water, and washing of wet precipitate with water. Washing of wet precipitate with an aqueous solution of 0.25 percent Na2SO4, to prevent peptization, provided a simple solution to the problem.

"Using the Brookhaven fast chopper, transmission curves were obtained for the 6.70 +/- .06 ev resonance in U238 using four different thicknesses of natural uranium metal." The measurements for the transmission curves are summarized in the table provided.

This technical report is intended as a brief description of the free convection problem existing in the various annuli of the SIR Mark A rotating plugs. It is by no means a complete report of the plug "hot tests", but merely records some of the more significant experimental observations and presents a few of the theories and calculations made to explain the observed free convection phenomenon. The general discussion which follows is chronological. Details of analyses are relegated to the Appendix.

The results of this investigation indicate that maximum electric power generation can be obtained by selecting the turbine steam temperature within a range of plus/minus 30 degrees C. from an "idealized" steam temperature. This "idealized" steam temperature is shown to depend primarily on the maximum permissible uranium temperature. The minimum available condenser temperature and the temperature rise of the coolant in the pile effect the selection of the turbine steam temperature to lesser extent.

In connection with different seals for C & D equipment it appears advantageous that many parts could be made of rubber or other elastic polymers. However, data on the deterioration rate of these materials under irradiation are somewhat scant in the available literature. It appears that for neutrons and pure gamma radiation that a good grade of natural rubber stands up best in all the test reported and because the results of the neutron irradiation are so closely correlated with results from gamma it has been proposed that the principal source of damage is caused by secondary irradiation generated within the rubber by the neutrons.

The conventional volumetric micro-determination of phosphate depends upon the precipitation of phosphomolybdate, filtration and washing of the precipitate, and titration with standard base. The method is slow and tedious, subject to many interferences, and is not applicable to samples containing less than 1-2 mg of phosphate. Other weak acid anions, such as carbonate or acetate, interfere in the method. Strong acid anions, such as nitrate, sulfate, and chloride do not interfere.

The proton beam in the Cosmotron is accelerated to an energy of 2.3 billion electron volts by a radio frequency voltage which is impressed across an insulated gap in the ferrite loaded accelerating cavity of the vacuum chamber. To maintain a constant orbit radius as the beam is accelerated, the frequency of the accelerating voltage must increase from the initial value of 370 kc/sec to 4200 kc/sec during the one second magnet pulse. Over the entire 11:1 frequency range, a minimum gap voltage of 2000 volts rms must be maintained. At every instant throughout the magnet pulse, the frequency of this voltage must be a predetermined function of the magnet field to a high degree of accuracy. Frequency errors greater than about .2 percent result in loss of beam due to excessive radius changes. Smaller errors than this however, can excite fatal phase oscillations in the beam if they occur rapidly. As little as .005 percent frequency modulation can result in total beam loss if it occurs at a rate of several kc/sec, where the beam is most sensitive to such disturbances.

The vapor pressure of nickel carbonyl was determined with material obtained by laboratory preparation with CO and Ni powder and by purifying commercial nickel carbonyl. The observed vapor pressure data were used in the derivation of the following equations which express the vapor pressure, P, of liquid nickel carbonyl and the sublimation pressure, P/sub s/, of the solid, respectively, as a function of the absolute temperature, T: log P = 7.88431578/T and log P/sub s/ 10.1897-2173/T. The average heat of vaporization is calculated to be 7.22 plus or minus 0.01 kcal per mole and the molecular heat of sublimation of Ni(CO)/sub 4/ is 9.94 plus or minus 0.11 kcal. Extrapolation to 760 mm Hg gives a boiling point of 42.2 deg C. The melting point of purified nickel carbonyl occurred at -17.2 deg C. The sensitivity of the melting point to the effect of impurities was demonstrated with commercial nickel carbonyl which melted at-19.4 deg C before purification, at --18.3 deg C after distillations at 0 deg C, and at -17.2 deg C after sublimation at -25 deg C. The vapor pressure of liquid nickel carbonyl at 0 deg C is of little value in evaluation of the purity of …

Quarterly report on the metabolic properties of various materials, biological studies of radiation effects, health chemistry, health physics.

Survey of properties of materials which might be suitable for use in various locations in a supercritical-water reactor. Properties examined include tensile strength, rupture strength, endurance strength, Young's modulus, tensile elongation, coefficient of thermal expansion, coefficient of thermal conductivity, density, nominal composition, usual heat treatments and thermal-neutron-absorption cross sections.

Observations on sheep representing flocks in Utah adjacent to the Nevada Proving Ground were compared with findings made on experimental sheep exposed to various amounts of radioiodine. The Utah sheep showed no evidence of the radiation damage observed in experimentally treated sheep. Estimations of amounts of radioiodine on vegetation required to cause serious thyroid damage following a contamination event are included.

Thermal cycling tests on uranium have shown that the dimensional changes that occur on cycling in the alpha range are directly related to both the texture of the material and its grain size: cold rolled rods generally elongate in the direction of rolling, while the same rods, after a beta-treatment, grow at rates several orders of magnitude lower. This considerable improvement by beta-treatment has been attributed to the texture randomization accompanying the heat-treatment. In the course of this heat-treatment, however, considerable grain growth occurs, which ahs the effect of causing surface roughening on cycling (also referred to as "bumping"); fine grained material generally retains a smooth surface. These observations led to the speculation that the most desirable structure in uranium, from standpoint of dimensional stability, is one that combines both a random texture and a fine grain size. Heat treatment of rolled rod offered no easy method to obtain such a product; powder metallurgical techniques, however, appeared ideally suited for the purpose. To this end, early in 1949, the Sylvania Electric Products Company initiated a program to develop suitable techniques for producing uranium powder compacts having the above-mentioned desired characteristics. Because of the availability of thermal cycling equipment at Argonne, …

The hydrogen contents of several types of fabricated uranium have been determined by a vacuum method and expressed in terms of ccH2/ccU. The data indicate that alpha-rolled metal contains about 0.25 ccH2(STP)/ccU whereas beta heat-treated uranium yielded values between 0.30 and 0.37 cc per cc. Restricted efforts were made to determine where in the heat treatment the 5 to 10 cc of hydrogen per slug were taken up. It appears that no one operation is wholly responsible for this additional gas, although reactions between beta heat treated surfaces containing microscopic defects, and nitric acid may possibly play a large role. In general it may be said that slug produced by powder metallurgical techniques contain less hydrogen than pieces produced by rolling and heat treatment.