Patent for a new and improved rail fastening. This design consists in "[t]he combination of the tie having upwardly-inclined ends, the chairs having the recesses on their under sides to receive the ends of the tie, said recesses having their outer ends inclined to correspond with the inclination of the ends of the tie, and the clamping devices connecting the chairs together, and thereby securing them firmly on the ends of the tie" (lines 90-97).

Patent for a new and improved cultivator sweep. This design "compris[es] a long thin blade, having its front end bent downward and rearward, forming a lip adapted to take into the earth . . . [and] the combination of the beam, the standards secured thereto, and the blade having the projections secured to the standards and having the downward and rearward turned lip at its front end" (lines 59-68).