The seesaw mechanism is attractive not only because it"explains'' small neutrino mass, but also because of its packaging with the SUSY-GUT, leptogenesis, Dark Matter, and electroweak symmetry breaking. However, this package has the flavor, CP, and gravitino problems. I discuss two alternatives to the seesaw mechanism. In one of them, the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking solves these problems, while predicts naturally light Dirac neutrinos. In the other, the light Majorana neutrinos arise from supersymmetry breaking with right-handed neutrinos below TeV, and the Dark Matter and collider phenomenology are significantly different.

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The interference of the electromagnetic spin-flip amplitude with a hadronic spin-nonflip amplitude in the elastic scattering of hadrons leads to significant spin dependencies at very low 4-momentum transfer t (0.001 < |t| < 0.01 (GeV/c){sup 2}). This kinematical region is known as the Coulomb Nuclear Interference (CNI) region. First results on spin effects in polarized proton-proton elastic scattering in the CNI region at 100 GeV from the 2004 polarized proton run at RHIC are presented. Preliminary results on A{sub N} in the elastic scattering of polarized protons off a carbon target over a wide energy range from 4 GeV to 100 GeV from AGS and RHIC are presented as well. These results allow us to further investigate the spin dependence in elastic scattering and the mechanisms at work.

This report describes the work performed during the third year of the project, ''Investigating of Efficiency Improvements during CO{sub 2} Injection in Hydraulically and Naturally Fractured Reservoirs.'' The objective of this project is to perform unique laboratory experiments with artificial fractured cores (AFCs) and X-ray CT to examine the physical mechanisms of bypassing in HFR and NFR that eventually result in more efficient CO{sub 2} flooding in heterogeneous or fracture-dominated reservoirs. To achieve this objective, in this period we concentrated our effort on modeling fluid flow through rough fractures and investigating the grid orientation effect in rectangular grid blocks particularly at high mobility ratio as our precursor to use a compositional simulator. We are developing a robust simulator using Voronoi grids to accurately represent natural and induced fractures. We are also verifying the accuracy of the simulation using scaled laboratory experiments to provide a benchmark for our simulation technique. No such simulator currently exists so this capability will represent a major breakthrough in simulation of gas injection in fractured systems. The following sections outline the results that appear in this report.

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The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, consisting of two 3.8 km long superconducting rings, was commissioned in 1999. Since then the machine collided fully stripped gold ions at five different energies, up to 100 GeV/u, deuterons with gold ions at 100 GeV/u, and protons at 100 GeV with a beam polarizations of up 45%. Over four operating periods the heavy ion luminosity has increased by two orders of magnitude, and now exceeds the design value by a factor of 2. Another factor of 2 is targeted for the next 4 years, as well as a more than 10-fold increase in the proton luminosity and a 2-fold increase in the polarization. Possible further upgrades include an Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS), stochastic and electron cooling, and an electron ring to form an electron-ion collider (eRHIC).

The method described in my RHIC Spin Note (hep-ph/305085) is applied to recently reported data from RHIC experiments in order to obtain values for the spin-flip Regge couplings. The data comes from both 100 GeV/c proton elastic scattering on a carbon target and on the recently commissioned polarized hydrogen gas jet target. These couplings are used to predict the analyzing power for proton-carbon scattering at the top RHIC fixed target energy of 250 GeV/c and for pp scattering at RHIC collider energy.

Acceleration of polarized protons in the energy range of 5 to 25 GeV is particularly difficult since depolarizing spin resonances are strong enough to cause significant depolarization but full Siberian snakes cause intolerably large orbit excursions. Using a 20-30% partial Siberian snake both imperfection and intrinsic resonances can be overcome. Such a strong partial Siberian snake was designed for the Brookhaven AGS using a dual pitch helical superconducting dipole. Multiple strong partial snakes are also discussed for spin matching at beam injection and extraction.

We present calculations of cross sections and spin asymmetries in single-inclusive reactions in, pp scattering. We discuss next-to-leading order predictions as well as all-order soft-gluon 'threshold' resummations.

We present a technique to calculate the cross sections and spin asymmetries for transversely polarized pp collisions at NLO in QCD and report on the use of this technique for the processes p{up_arrow}p{up_arrow} {yields} {gamma}X, p{up_arrow}p{up_arrow} {yields} {pi}X and p{up_arrow}p{up_arrow} {yields} {ell}{sup +}{ell}{sup -} X.

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