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Development of improved iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts
The objective of proposed research is development of catalysts with enhanced slurry phase activity and better selectivity to fuel range products, through a more detailed understanding and systematic studies of the effects of pretreatment procedures and promoters/binders (silica) on catalyst performance.
Date:
October 29, 1990
Creator:
Bukur, D.B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The corporation and the community: Credibility, legitimacy, and imposed risk
In this age of rapid changes, large segments of society no longer trust any institution or authority in regard to pronouncements on what is safe. Because of this distrust, the public has demanded and obtained increased rights for individuals to intervene directly in decisions affecting them. Rosenthal warns that an organization that just fulfills its legal requirements for safety is no longer doing enough. Industry leaders must work toward re-establishing credibility by identifying persons who are potentially at risk as a result of industry activities, involving them in the communication process, and justifying the firm's social benefits. Seeking social legitimacy, chemical manufacturers have formed self-assessment groups and community councils, which have reaped unexpected benefits but have forced them to deal with issues they would have preferred to avoid. To industry leaders who contend that these types of activities are not worth the effort, Rosenthal presents a timely warning. Government and business must reduce public concerns significantly and make stakeholders more willing to tolerate imposed risk because of perceived benefits. It the public's concern is not reduced, we will all be required to make greater and greater investments in an inefficient and largely fruitless pursuit of absolute safety. 16 refs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Wade, C. (ed.) (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)) & Rosenthal, I. (Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States). Center for Risk and Decision Processes)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
World nuclear fuel cycle requirements 1991
The nuclear fuel cycle consists of mining and milling uranium ore, processing the uranium into a form suitable for generating electricity, burning'' the fuel in nuclear reactors, and managing the resulting spent nuclear fuel. This report presents projections of domestic and foreign requirements for natural uranium and enrichment services as well as projections of discharges of spent nuclear fuel. These fuel cycle requirements are based on the forecasts of future commercial nuclear power capacity and generation published in a recent Energy Information Administration (EIA) report. Also included in this report are projections of the amount of spent fuel discharged at the end of each fuel cycle for each nuclear generating unit in the United States. The International Nuclear Model is used for calculating the projected nuclear fuel cycle requirements. 14 figs., 38 tabs.
Date:
October 10, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
(Environmental investigation of ground water contamination at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio)
In April 1990, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) initiated an effort for the evaluation of potential removal of ground water contamination at the Base. This report presents a current assessment of the nature and extent of the contamination believed to be migrating across the southwestern boundary of Area C and the northern boundary of Area B based upon analysis of existing environmental data obtained from several sources. The existing data base indicates widespread, low-level contamination moving across Base boundaries at levels that pose no immediate threat to the Mad River Valley well fields. An investigation by the City of Dayton in May and June 1990, however, implies that a more identifiable plume of PCE and TCE may be crossing the southwestern boundary of Area C immediately downgradient of Landfill 5. More data is needed to delineate ground water contamination and to design and implement a suitable control system. This report concludes that although an extensive study of the boundaries in question would be the preferred approach, a limited, focused investigation and subsequent feasibility study can be accomplished with a reasonable certainty of achieving the desired outcome of this project.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Designation of facility usage categories for Hanford Site facilities
This report summarizes the Hanford Site methodology used to ensure facility compliance with the natural phenomena design criteria set forth in the US Department of Energy Orders and guidance. The current Hanford Site methodology for Usage Category designation is based on an engineered feature's safety function and on the feature's assigned Safety Class. At the Hanford Site, Safety Class assignments are deterministic in nature and are based on teh consequences of failure, without regard to the likelihood of occurrence. The report also proposes a risk-based approach to Usage Category designation, which is being considered for future application at the Hanford Site. To establish a proper Usage Category designation, the safety analysis and engineering design processes must be coupled. This union produces a common understanding of the safety function(s) to be accomplished by the design feature(s) and a sound basis for the assignment of Usage Categories to the appropriate systems, structures, and components. 4 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Woodrich, D. D.; Ellingson, D. R.; Scott, M. A. & Schade, A. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Is there a P-wave bound state of W sub L W sub L On the dynamical generation of a. rho. meson in the. sigma. model
We investigate the possibility that the Higgs lagrangian predicts the existence of a P-wave W{sub L}W{sub L} resonance. This problem is equivalent to studying the formation of the {rho} meson by the dynamics contained in the {sigma} model. Using the Pade approximation, Basdevant and Lee had claimed that {rho} is generated dynamically. We show that their result, while computationally correct, is not significant, because of the position of the Landau ghost. For the same reason, a W{sub L}W{sub L} P-wave resonance below 2 TeV is not expected, unless the standard model is violated. 10 refs., 8 figs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Atkinson, D. (Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL (United States) Institute for Theoretical Physics, Groningen, The Netherlands (NL)); Harada, M. (Nagoya Univ. (Japan). Dept. of Physics) & Sanda, A.I. (Superconducting Super Collider Lab., Dallas, TX (United States) Rockefeller Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Irradiation testing of a niobium-molybdenum developmental thermocouple
A need exists for a radiation-resistant thermocouple capable of monitoring temperatures in excess of the limits of the chromel/alumel system. Tungsten/rhenium and platinum/rhodium thermocouples have sufficient temperature capability but have proven to be unstable because of irradiation-induced decalibration. The niobium/molybdenum system is believed to hold great potential for nuclear applications at temperatures up to 2000 K. However, the fragility of pure niobium and fabrication problems with niobium/molybdenum alloys have limited development of this system. Utilizing the Fast Flux Test Facility, a developmental thermocouple with a thermoelement pair consisting of a pure molybdenum and a niobium-1%zirconium alloy wire was irradiated fro 7200 hours at a temperature of 1070 K. The thermocouple performed flawlessly for the duration of the experiment and exhibited stability comparable to a companion chromel/alumel unit. A second thermocouple, operating at 1375 K, is currently being employed to monitor a fusion materials experiment in the Fast Flux Test Facility. This experiment, also scheduled for 7200 hours, will serve to further evaluate the potential of the niobium-1%zirconium/molybdenum thermoelement system. 7 refs., 7 figs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Knight, R. C. & Greenslade, D. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Integrated dry NO sub x /SO sub 2 emissions control system
This project's goal is to demonstrate the removal up to 70% of the NO{sub x} and 70% of the SO{sub 2} emissions from coal fired utility boilers. It will establish an alternative emissions control technology integrating a combination of several processes, while minimizing capital expenditures and limiting waste production to dry solids that are handled with conventional ash removal equipment. These processes include low-NO{sub x} burners, NO{sub x} ports and urea injection for NO{sub x} control, sodium or calcium based sorbent injection for SO{sub 2} control, and flue gas humidification to enhance the reactivity of the SO{sub 2} control compound.
Date:
October 15, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
International petroleum statistics report, September 1991
The International Petroleum Statistics Report is a monthly publication that provides current international oil data. This report is published for the use of members of Congress, federal agencies, state agencies, industry, and the general public. Publication of this report is in keeping with responsibilities given the Energy Information Administration in Public Law 95-91 (Section 205(a)(2)). The International Petroleum Statistics Report presents data on international oil production, consumption, imports, exports, and stocks. The report has three sections. Section 1 contains time series on world oil production, and on oil consumption and stocks in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (DECD). This section contains annual data beginning in 1973, and monthly data for the most recent two years. Section 2 presents an oil supply/consumption balance for the market economies (i.e. non-communist countries). This balance is presented in quarterly intervals for the most recent two years. Section 3 presents data on oil imports by DECD countries. This section contains annual data beginning in 1982, and quarterly data for the most recent two years. 41 tabs.
Date:
October 2, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Relating space radiation environments to risk estimates
This lecture will provide a bridge from the physical energy or LET spectra as might be calculated in an organ to the risk of carcinogenesis, a particular concern for extended missions to the moon or beyond to Mars. Topics covered will include (1) LET spectra expected from galactic cosmic rays, (2) probabilities that individual cell nuclei in the body will be hit by heavy galactic cosmic ray particles, (3) the conventional methods of calculating risks from a mixed environment of high and low LET radiation, (4) an alternate method which provides certain advantages using fluence-related risk coefficients (risk cross sections), and (5) directions for future research and development of these ideas.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Curtis, S.B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summary report on four foot septifoil cooling experiment
Cooling parameters for some of the SRS reactor internal components are computed using the Transient Reactor Analysis Code, TRAC.'' In order to benchmark the code, the Safety Analysis Group of SRL requested an experiment to provide measurements of cooling parameters in a well defined physical system utilizing SRS reactor component(s). The experiment selected included a short length of septifoil with both top and bottom fittings containing five simulated control rods in an unseated'' configuration. Power level to be supplied to the rods was targeted at 2.5 kilowatts per foot. The septifoil segment was to be operated with no forced flow in order to evaluate thermal-hydraulic cooling. Parameters to be measured for comparison with code predictions were basic cooling phenomena, incidence of film boiling, thermal-hydraulic flow rate, pressure rise, and ratio of heat transfer through the wall of the assembly vs heat transfer to axial water flow through the assembly. Experimental apparatus was designed and assembled incorporating five simulated control rods four feet long, joule heated inside a five foot length of type Q'' septifoil. Water at 70 C was fed independently to the bottom inlet and along the outside of the septifoil. Water flowing along the outside of the septifoil …
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Randolph, H. W.; Collins, S. L.; Verebelyi, D. T. & Foti, D. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Jets in hadron colliders at order. alpha. sub s sup 3
Recent results from the study of hadronic jets in hadron-hadron collisions at order a{sub s}{sup 3} in perturbation theory are presented. The numerical results are in good agreement with data and this agreement is illustrated where possible.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Ellis, S.D. (Washington Univ., Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Physics); Kunszt, Z. (Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule, Zurich (Switzerland). Inst. fuer Theoretische Physik) & Soper, D.E. (Oregon Univ., Eugene, OR (United States). Inst. of Theoretical Science)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Resonant enhancement of flavor-changing neutrino interactions
The resonant amplification of neutrino oscillations in the presence of flavor-changing neutrino interactions with matter is analyzed. It is shown that a significant {mu}-flavor conversion can take place even in the absence of neutrino mixing in vacuum. To account for the solar neutrino deficit, the strength of the new interactions should be {approximately} 10{sup {minus}2}G{sub F} and the resulting neutrino suppression and spectrum is similar to that in the ordinary MSW effect. I discuss some extensions of the standard model where these interactions can be present, taking into account the experimental constraints that arise mainly from the induced leptonic rare decays.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Roulet, E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of Effectiveness of the Turco Low Profile Turbulator Reg Sign
This document discusses a turbulator which utilizes a heated chemical bath to reduce smearable contamination from small parts and tools. It is comprised of two agitators programmed to automatically alternate the flow of the cleaning solution within the tank in four separate and distinct high velocity flow patterns allowing access to the entire surface area of the part or tool being decontaminated. The turbulator is being evaluated to determine if agitation increases the effectiveness of waste minimization. Testing of the turbulator consisted of evaluation of the Sludgetrap Containment, Tool Cleaning Demonstration, and Coupon Testing. Results so far are that the sludgetrap is effective in containing particles the size of sand, agitation increases the effectiveness of the turbulator, abrasives can replace detergents for waste minimization, and Inconel 625 is more difficult to clean than Type 3041 Stainless Steel.
Date:
October 23, 1990
Creator:
Grittmann, S.; McGlynn, J. F.; Long, J. R. & Rankin, W. N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computer control of the high-voltage power supply for the DIII-D Electron Cyclotron Heating system
The D3-D Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) high voltage power supply is controlled by a computer. Operational control is input via keyboard and mouse, and computer/power supply interface is accomplished with a Computer Assisted Monitoring and Control (CAMAC) system. User-friendly tools allow the design and layout of simulated control panels on the computer screen. Panel controls and indicators can be changed, added or deleted, and simple editing of user-specific processes can quickly modify control and fault logic. Databases can be defined, and control panel functions are easily referred to various data channels. User-specific processes are written and linked using Fortran, to manage control and data acquisition through CAMAC. The resulting control system has significant advantages over the hardware it emulates: changes in logic, layout, and function are quickly and easily incorporated; data storage, retrieval, and processing are flexible and simply accomplished, physical components subject to wear and degradation are minimized. In addition, the system can be expanded to multiplex control of several power supplied, each with its own database, through a single computer and console. 5 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Clow, D. D. & Kellman, D. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent DIII-D neutral beam calibration results
Injected DIII-D neutral beam power is estimated based on three principle quantities: the fraction of ion beam that is neutralized in the neutralizer gas cell, the beamline transmission efficiency, and the fraction of beam reionized in the drift duct. System changes in the past few years have included a new gradient grid voltage operating point, ion source arc regulation, routine deuterium operations and new neutralizer gas flow controllers. Additionally, beam diagnostics have been improved and better calibrated. To properly characterize the beams the principle quantities have been re-measured. Two diagnostics are primarily used to measure the quantities. The beamline waterflow calorimetry system measures the neutralization efficiency and the beamline transmission efficiency, and the target tile thermocouples measure the reionization loss. An additional diagnostic, the target tile pyrometer, confirmed the reionization loss measurement. Descriptions and results of these measurements will be presented. 4 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Wight, J.; Hong, R.M. & Phillips, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Charge separation in photoredox reactions
This report deals with the photoreduction of alkylmethylviologens in vesicles in which the combined effect of the alkylmethylviologen chain length and the addition of cholesterol to the vesicle system has been assessed. Although the alkyl chain length effect predominately controls the photoreduction yield it is shown that cholesterol addition can tune the magnitude of this effect. A series of neutral alkylphenothiazines has been synthesized and the effect of alkyl chain length in variously charged vesicles on the photoionization efficiency has been evaluated. 9 refs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Kevan, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Stability of high. beta. large aspect ratio tokamaks
High {beta}({beta}{much gt} {epsilon}/q{sup 2}) large aspect ratio ({epsilon} {much gt} 1) tokamak equilibria are shown to be always stable to ideal M.H.D. modes that are localized about a flux surface. Both the ballooning and interchange modes are shown to be stable. This work uses the analytic high {beta} large aspect ratio tokamak equilibria developed by Cowley et.al., which are valid for arbitrary pressure and safety factor profiles. The stability results make no assumption about these profiles or the shape of the boundary. 14 refs., 4 figs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Cowley, S.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Principles and major agents in clinical oncology chemotherapy
This paper provides a brief classification of drugs available for veterinary chemotherapy, as well as justifications for their use. Some common neoplasia and the drugs of choice for their treatment are described. A listing by class of systemic chemotherapeutic agents, their mode of action, tumors responsive to the drugs, precautions and common adverse effects and mode of administration is provided. 2 tabs. (MHB)
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Weller, R. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Robotic capabilities for printed wiring assembly processing
Automation is widely used in the electronic industry for the manufacture of printed wiring assemblies (PWAs). Literature reviews and visits with some automation vendors revealed that robotics are used when processing flexibility is required. Robotic development work at the Allied-Signal Inc., Kansas City Division (KCD) resulted in the fabrication of three robot workcells. The capabilities of two robotic Component Preparation (RCP) workcells, that had been developed and fabricated to tin component leads, were increased by development on these processes. A Robotic Component Insertion System (RCIS) was developed and fabricated to insert components directly into a printed wiring board (PWB). The RCP workcells were developed to use robotics to perform some of the annual processes on PWA components. These robotic processes prepared the components for the subsequent insertion and soldering in the PWAs. The first workcell was released for production use in 1985. The RCPs have proven to be reliable with resultant cost savings of up to $50,000 per year. Development work increased the capabilities of these RCPs and increased the cost savings by $30,000 per year. The RCIS workcell design was developed to automatically insert components into PWBs. A specification to meet this design was written, an order placed, and …
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Groot, K.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
On resonant destabilization of toroidal Alfven eigenmodes by circulating and trapped energetic ions/alpha particles in tokamaks
Toroidal Alfven eigenmodes are shown to be resonantly destabilized by both circulating and trapped energetic ions/alpha particles. In particular, the energetic circulating ions are shown to resonate with the mode not only at the Alfven speed ({upsilon}{sub A}), but also one-third of this speed, while resonances exist between trapped energetic ions and the wave when {upsilon} = {upsilon}{sub A}/21{epsilon}{sup {1/2}} (l=integer, {epsilon}=r/R is the local inverse aspect ratio), although the instability becomes weaker for resonances other than the fundamental. The oft-quoted criterion that instability requires super-Alfvenic ion velocities is thus sufficient but not necessary. 14 refs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Biglari, H.; Zonca, F. & Chen, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Angular momentum, g-value, and magnetic flux of gyration states
Two of the world's leading (Nobel laureate) physicists disagree on the definition of the orbital angular momentum L of the Landau gyration states of a spinless charged particle in a uniform external magnetic field B = B i{sub Z}. According to Richard P. Feynman (and also Frank Wilczek) L = (rx{mu}v) = rx(p - qA/c), while Felix Bloch (and also Kerson Huang) defines it as L = rxp. We show here that Bloch's definition is the correct one since it satisfies the necessary and sufficient condition LxL = i{Dirac h} L, while Feynman's definition does not. However, as a consequence of the quantized Aharonov-Bohm magnetic flux, this canonical orbital angular momentum (surprisingly enough) takes half-odd-integral values with a zero-point gyration states of L{sub Z} = {Dirac h}/2. Further, since the diamagnetic and the paramagnetic contributions to the magnetic moment are interdependent, the g-value of these gyration states is two and not one, again a surprising result for a spinless case. The differences between the gauge invariance in classical and quantum mechanics, Onsager's suggestion that the flux quantization might be an intrinsic property of the electromagnetic field-charged particle interaction, the possibility that the experimentally measured fundamental unit of the flux quantum …
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Arunasalam, V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Colorado State University Program for Developing, Testing, Evaluating and Optimizing Solar Heating and Cooling Systems
The objective is to develop and test various integrated solar heating, cooling and domestic hot water systems, and to evaluate their performance. Systems composed of new, as well as previously tested, components are carefully integrated so that effects of new components on system performance can be clearly delineated. The SEAL-DOE program includes six tasks which have received funding for the 1991--92 fifteen-month period. These include: (1) a project employing isothermal operation of air and liquid solar space heating systems; (2) a project to build and test several generic solar water heaters; (3) a project that will evaluate advanced solar domestic hot water components and concepts and integrate them into solar domestic hot water systems; (4) a liquid desiccant cooling system development project; (5) a project that will perform system modeling and analysis work on solid desiccant cooling systems research; and (6) a management task. The objectives and progress in each task are described in this report. 6 figs.
Date:
October 28, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ASHRAE Standard 62-1989: Energy, Cost, and Program Implications.
ASHRAE Standard 62-1989 (Standard 62-89) Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality'' is the new heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) industry consensus for ventilation air in commercial buildings. Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville) references ASHRAE Standard 62-81 (the predecessor to Standard 62-89) in their current environmental documents for required ventilation rates. Through its use, it had become evident to Bonneville that Standard 62-81 needed interpretation. Now that the revised Standard (Standard 62-89) is available, its usefulness needs to be evaluated. Based on current information and public comment, the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) revised Standard 62-1981 to Standard 62-89. Bonneville's study estimated the energy and cost implications of ASHRAE Standard 62-89 using simulations based on DOE-2.1D, a computer simulation program which estimates building use hourly as a function of building characteristics and climatic location. Ten types of prototypical commercial buildings used by Bonneville for load forecasting purposes were examined: Large and Small Office, Large and Small Retail, Restaurant, Warehouse, Hospital, Hotel, School, and Grocery. These building characterizations are based on survey and energy metering data and represent average or typical construction and operation practices and mechanical system types. Prototypical building ventilation rates were varied in five steps to …
Date:
October 15, 1990
Creator:
Steele, Tim R. & Brown, Marilyn A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library