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The excellent high temperature strength and thermal conductivity of molybdenum-base alloys provide attractive features for components in advanced magnetic and inertial fusion devices. Refractory metal base alloys react readily with oxygen and other gases, and molybdenum alloys are susceptible to losses from highly volatile molybdenum trioxide (MoO{sub 3}) species. Transport of radioactivity by the volatilization, migration, and re-deposition of MoO{sub 3} during a potential accident involving a loss of vacuum or inert environment represents a safety issue. The authors have experimentally measured the oxidation, volatilization and re-deposition of molybdenum from TZM in flowing air between 400 and 800 C. Calculations using chemical thermodynamic data for vapor pressures over pure MoO{sub 3} and a vaporization mass transfer model correlate well with experimental data between 600 and 800 C. Partial saturation of MoO{sub 3} gas species account for influences of flow rate at 700 C. Some anomalies in oxidation rate below 650 C, suggesting that other phases, e.g., MoO{sub 2} or other non-stoichiometric oxides may influence oxidation and volatilization processes under some limited conditions.

In August 1945, U.S. Navy Captain William Parsons served as the weaponeer aboard the Enola Gay for the mission to Hiroshima (Shelton 1988). In view of the fact that four B-29s had crashed and burned on takeoff from Tinian the night before, Captain Parsons made the decision to arm the gun-type weapon after takeoff for safety reasons (15 kilotons of TNT equivalent). Although he had no control over the success of the takeoff, he could prevent the possibility of a nuclear detonation on Tinian by controlling what we now call the nuclear explosive. As head of the Ordnance Division at Los Alamos and a former gunnery officer, Captain Parsons clearly understood the role of safety in his work. The advent of the pre-assembled implosion weapon where the high explosive and nuclear materials are always in an intimate configuration meant that nuclear explosive safety became a reality at a certain point in development and production not just at the time of delivery by the military. This is the only industry where nuclear materials are intentionally put in contact with high explosives. The agency of the U.S. Government responsible for development and production of U.S. nuclear weapons is the Department of Energy …

This report is on China’s Economic Development: An Overview.

This report provides information about the Congressional Oversight of implementation and administration has occurred through out the history of United States government under the constitution.

Congressional oversight of policy implementation and administration, which has occurred throughout the U.S. government experience under the Constitution, takes a variety of forms and utilizes various techniques. These range from specialized investigations by select committees to annual appropriations hearings, and from informal communications between Members or congressional staff and executive personnel to the use of extra congressional mechanisms, such as offices of inspector general and study commissions. Oversight, moreover, is supported by a variety of authorities—the Constitution, public law, and chamber and committee rules—and is an integral part of the system of checks and balances between the legislature and the executive

The properties of an ion-optical device consisting of twelve long parallel rods placed equidistantly on a circle are briefly reviewed. The use of this device in its dodecapole configuration to deflect ions in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the dodecapole is discussed. Results of trajectory computations made with the SIMION ion-optics computer program demonstrate that the device works remarkably well in separating the constituents of a multiply-charged ion beam. The use of this device to merge an ion beam with an optical beam is proposed.

This paper discusses the proposal request to support the Natural Gas Engine Enhanced Efficiency Program.

Trucking Research Institute (TRI) in cooperation with the Department of Energy Office of Heavy Vehicle Technologies (DOE), South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), and Gas Research Institute (GRI), requests proposals designed to support the Natural Gas Engine Enhanced Efficiency Program. This effort, which contains Programs A & B, is designed to fund projects that advance both the part and full load fuel efficiency of heavy-duty (250 hp plus) natural gas engines. Approximately $1.2 million will be available in Program A to fund up to three projects. These projects may target either or both near-term, and longer-term engine efficiency goals in addition, it is possible that one of the projects funded under Program A will be selected for additional funding for up to 42 months under Program B funding amounts are to be determined.

Classification of the Fuel Supply Shutdown (FSS) safety systems, equipment, and components is presented.

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the Commissioners Court of Collin County may enter into a contract with a private party for the collection of bond forfeiture judgements (RQ-681)

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether Government Code section 76.006 requires the Galveston County Community Supervision and Corrections Department to establish a voluntary exit incentive program for its employees (ID# 39536)

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether Code of Criminal Procedure article 59.06 authorizes a district attorney and sheriff's department to agree to dispose of forfeited automobiles by sheriff's auction or whether such property must be disposed as surplus county property pursuant to Local Government Code section 263.152 (ID# 39656)

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

This paper reviews the development of ultrahigh-intensity laser technology from the early 1960`s to the present, explaining the obstacles to each increase in intensity and the technical means used to overcome them. These included the shortening of pulses, mode locking, and chirped pulse amplification (CPA). The particular technical advances that make CPA possible included the invention of matched pulse stretchers and compressors and the development of ultrabroadband gain media. The paper then discusses the generation of ultrashort pulses and their characteristics. It then moves on to the Petawatt laser, which incorporates the CPA technology. It then addresses the question of whether it is possible to forecast the ultimate peak power that can be achieved by a laser system of a given size. Applications of ultrahigh-intensity lasers in different physical regimes are discussed.

A KD*P alternating-Z tripler suitable for NIF consists of two detuned Type I doublers and one aligned Type II mixer. The dynamic range for efficient tripling is predicted to be larger for this arrangement than for a standard 2-crystal tripler. We tested an alternating-Z tripler that had doublers with thicknesses of 13 and 10 mm, and a 10-mm-thick mixer. All of the crystals were 80% deuterated. The model of this tripler provided an excellent description of the efficiencies that were measured using pulses with duration of 1 or 6 ns. We confirmed the importance for alternating-Z triplers of controlling the phase differences arising from wavelength dispersion in the air gap between the doublers. The confirmed wide dynamic range of this arrangement is of interest for conversion of the 21-ns Haan pulse, or for conversion of beams with significant intensity fluctuations. Compensation for wavelength dispersion in the gap between the crystals is not an issue if the crystals are in vacuum.

The 241-AW Tank Farm, located in the 200 East Area of the Hanford Site, contains six 1.16 Mgal double-shell tanks. The tanks are used primarily for storage of waste from facilities such as PUREX and B Plant. Tanks 102-AW and 106-AW commonly are used for staging waste concentrated by the evaporator.

This study examines hydrological, geological and geochemical controls on {sup 222}Rn variability in groundwater in the Front Range of Colorado. Specific objectives of the study are: (1) to determine if there are any correlations or spatial relationships between {sup 222}Rn and the geological, geochemical and hydrogeological data; and (2) to determine whether it is geochemically reasonable for observed {sup 222}Rn levels to be the result of U and {sup 226}Ra accumulation by fracture filling minerals. Domestic-water wells were sampled and tested to determine the local aquifer characteristics and aqueous geochemistry. A multivariate and staged approach was used in the data analyses. Analysis of variance tests were used to test for relationships between {sup 222}Rn and the lithology of the study wells. The effects of rock-type were then removed from the chemical and hydrological variables by subtracting the mean value for each rock-type from each of the measured values within that rock-type (a residual transformation). Linear and linear multiple regression techniques were used to test for expected relationships between residual {sup 222}Rn levels and these variables, and stepwise linear regressions were used to test for any unforeseen multivariate relationships in the data. Correlograms, distance-weighted average and inverse-distance-weighted average predictions were used …

The hydroforming process involves hydraulically forming components by conforming them to the inner contours of a die. These contours can be complex and can often cause the material being formed to be stressed to rupture. Considerable process knowledge and materials modeling expertise is required to design hydroform dies and hydroformed parts that are readily formed without being overly stressed. For this CRADA, materials properties for steel tubes subjected to hydraulic stresses were collected; algorithms were developed which combined the materials properties data with process knowledge; and a user friendly graphical interface was utilized to make the system usable by a design engineer. A prototype hydroforming advisor was completed and delivered to GM. The technical objectives of the CRADA were met allowing for the development of an intelligent design systems, prediction of forming properties related to hydroforming, simulation and modeling of process execution, and design optimization. The design advisor allows a rapid and seamless approach to integration an otherwise enormous and onerous task of analysis and evaluation.

Surfactant and foam properties have been evaluated at high pressure using the foam durability apparatus. For a number of surfactant solutions the interfacial tension with cense CO2, critical micelle concentrations, foaming ability, and foam stability were determined. Preliminary results show that these tests correlate well to predict surfactant properties and mobility in cores. Work has also restarted in the parallel-dual permeability system.

Quality of life as a concept has been used in many ways in the public policy arena. It can be used in summative evaluations to assess the impacts of policies or programs. Alternatively, it can be applied to formative evaluations to provide input to the formation of new policies. In short, it provides the context for the understanding needed to evaluate the results of choices that have been made in the public policy arena, or the potential of choices yet to be made. In either case, the public policy question revolves around the positive or negative impact the choice will have on quality of life, and the magnitude of that impact. This discussion will develop a conceptual framework that proposes that an assessment of quality of life is based on a comparison of expectations with experience. The framework defines four basic components from which these expectations arise: natural conditions, social conditions, the body, and the mind. Each one of these components is generally described, and associated with a general policy or rhetorical category which gives it its policy vocabulary--environmental quality, economic well-being, human health, and self-fulfillment.

Three runs were carried out in the continuous stirred autoclave reactor with Englehard Zn-0312 T 1/8 {open_quotes}zinc chromite{close_quotes} catalyst and with decahydronaphthalene (Decalin{reg_sign}) as the slurry liquid. One short run, which was prematurely terminated by operational problems, was designed to define the effect of stirrer speed on catalyst performance. Two longer runs completed the data base required for kinetic characterization of the unpromoted {open_quotes}zinc chromite{close_quotes} catalyst. Although analysis of the data is not complete, it is evident that: (1) stirrer speed has no significant effect on the measured reaction rate, and; (2) carbon dioxide appears to inhibit catalyst activity.

By studying pressure fluctuations using a system identification approach, it is hypothesized that circulating fluidized bed (CFB) pressure fluctuations are indicative of CFB hydrodynamics in two ways. First, the frequency phenomenon that is observed in the lower regions of the CFB under conditions of high solids loading is the result of lower dense bed voidage oscillations. Our results suggest that a surface wave phenomena inversely proportional to the square root of the bed diameter is also be observed in CFB pressure fluctuations under most conditions. By matching revised similitude parameters between two CFBs a number of conclusions can be drawn. First, spectral analysis of pressure fluctuations, if properly applied, can be used to verify that similitude has been achieved. To do this, not only must the Bode plot characteristics important for hydrodynamics be identified, but the pressure fluctuation structure at all elevations of the CFB must be similar. The set of similitude parameters defined by Glicksman is not sufficient to establish hydrodynamic similitude. The solids flux as typically measured in the downcomer does not contain information on the solids hold-up in the riser, or the amount of solids that progress downwards in the annulus rather than exit the riser. It …

Higgs boson radiative decays of the form H {r_arrow} f{ovr f}{gamma} are calculated in the Standard Model using the complete one-loop expressions for the decay amplitudes. Contributions to the radiative width from leptons and light quarks are given. We also present e{ovr e} invariant mass distributions for H {r_arrow} e{ovr e}{gamma}, which illustrate the importance of the photon pole contribution and the effects of the box diagrams. 4 refs., 6 figs.