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AB 32 Fact Sheet - California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006
Establishes first-in-the-world comprehensive program of regulatory and market mechanisms to achieve real, quantifiable, cost-effective reductions of greenhouse gases (GHG).
Date:
October 2006
Creator:
California Air Resources Board
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accelerating DSMC data extraction.
In many direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) simulations, the majority of computation time is consumed after the flowfield reaches a steady state. This situation occurs when the desired output quantities are small compared to the background fluctuations. For example, gas flows in many microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have mean speeds more than two orders of magnitude smaller than the thermal speeds of the molecules themselves. The current solution to this problem is to collect sufficient samples to achieve the desired resolution. This can be an arduous process because the error is inversely proportional to the square root of the number of samples so we must, for example, quadruple the samples to cut the error in half. This work is intended to improve this situation by employing more advanced techniques, from fields other than solely statistics, for determining the output quantities. Our strategy centers on exploiting information neglected by current techniques, which collect moments in each cell without regard to one another, values in neighboring cells, nor their evolution in time. Unlike many previous acceleration techniques that modify the method itself, the techniques examined in this work strictly post-process so they may be applied to any DSMC code without affecting its fidelity …
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Gallis, Michail A. & Piekos, Edward Stanley
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accelerator/Experiment operations - FY 2006
This Technical Memorandum (TM) summarizes the Fermilab accelerator and experiment operations for FY 2006. It is one of a series of annual publications intended to gather information in one place. In this case, the information concerns the FY 2006 Run II at the Tevatron Collider, the MiniBooNE experiments running in the Booster Neutrino Beam in neutrino and antineutrino modes, MINOS using the Main Injector Neutrino Beam (NuMI), and SY 120 activities.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Brice, S.; Conrad, J.; Denisov, D.; Ginther, G.; Holmes, S.; James, C. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accuracy of CO2 sensors in commercial buildings: a pilotstudy
Carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) sensors are often deployed in commercial buildings to obtain CO{sub 2} data that are used to automatically modulate rates of outdoor air supply. The goal is to keep ventilation rates at or above code requirements, but to also to save energy by avoiding over ventilation relative to code requirements. However, there have been many anecdotal reports of poor CO{sub 2} sensor performance in actual commercial building applications. This study evaluated the accuracy of 44 CO{sub 2} sensors located in nine commercial buildings to determine if CO{sub 2} sensor performance, in practice, is generally acceptable or problematic. CO{sub 2} measurement errors varied widely and were sometimes hundreds of parts per million. Despite its small size, this study provides a strong indication that the accuracy of CO{sub 2} sensors used in commercial buildings is frequently less than is needed to measure peak indoor-outdoor CO{sub 2} concentration differences with less than a 20% error. Thus, we conclude that there is a need for more accurate CO{sub 2} sensors and/or better sensor maintenance or calibration procedures.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Fisk, William J.; Faulkner, David & Sullivan, Douglas P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ACRF Instrumentation Status: New, Current, and Future October 2006
The purpose of this report is to provide a concise but comprehensive overview of Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility instrumentation status. The report is divided into four sections: (1) new instrumentation in the process of being acquired and deployed, (2) existing instrumentation and progress on improvements or upgrades, (3) proposed future instrumentation, and (4) Small Business Innovation Research instrument development.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Liljegren, J. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Actinide Targets for Neutron Cross Section Measurements
The Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) and the Generation IV Reactor Initiative have demonstrated a lack of detailed neutron cross-sections for certain "minor" actinides, those other than the most common (235U, 238U, and 239Pu). For some closed-fuel-cycle reactor designs more than 50% of reactivity will, at some point, be derived from "minor" actinides that currently have poorly known or in some cases not measured (n,?) and (n,f) cross sections. A program of measurements under AFCI has begun to correct this. One of the initial hurdles has been to produce well-characterized, highly isotopically enriched, and chemically pure actinide targets on thin backings. Using a combination of resurrected techniques and new developments, we have made a series of targets including highly enriched 239Pu, 240Pu, and 242Pu. Thus far, we have electrodeposited these actinide targets. In the future, we plan to study reductive distillation to achieve homogeneous, adherent targets on thin metal foils and polymer backings. As we move forward, separated isotopes become scarcer, and safety concerns become greater. The chemical purification and electodeposition techniques will be described.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Baker, John D. & McGrath, Christopher A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Activities and Accomplishments in MY 2005/FY 2006
From vehicle acquisition and credit trading to exemptions and outreach activity, the Annual Report summarizes the State & Alternative Fuel Provider Activity's accomplishments during FY 2004/FY 2005.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced engineering environment pilot project.
The Advanced Engineering Environment (AEE) is a concurrent engineering concept that enables real-time process tooling design and analysis, collaborative process flow development, automated document creation, and full process traceability throughout a product's life cycle. The AEE will enable NNSA's Design and Production Agencies to collaborate through a singular integrated process. Sandia National Laboratories and Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC) are working together on a prototype AEE pilot project to evaluate PTC's product collaboration tools relative to the needs of the NWC. The primary deliverable for the project is a set of validated criteria for defining a complete commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) solution to deploy the AEE across the NWC.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Schwegel, Jill; Pomplun, Alan R. & Abernathy, Rusty (Parametric Technology Corporation, Needham, MA)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Power Electronics Interfaces for Distributed Energy Workshop Summary: August 24, 2006, Sacramento, California
The Advanced Power Electronics Interfaces for Distributed Energy Workshop, sponsored by the California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research program and organized by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, was held Aug. 24, 2006, in Sacramento, Calif. The workshop provided a forum for industry stakeholders to share their knowledge and experience about technologies, manufacturing approaches, markets, and issues in power electronics for a range of distributed energy resources. It focused on the development of advanced power electronic interfaces for distributed energy applications and included discussions of modular power electronics, component manufacturing, and power electronic applications.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Treanton, B.; Palomo, J.; Kroposki, B. & Thomas, H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Test Reactor Capabilities and Future Irradiation Plans
The Advanced Test Reactor (ATR), located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), is one of the most versatile operating research reactors in the Untied States. The ATR has a long history of supporting reactor fuel and material research for the US government and other test sponsors. The INL is owned by the US Department of Energy (DOE) and currently operated by Battelle Energy Alliance (BEA). The ATR is the third generation of test reactors built at the Test Reactor Area, now named the Reactor Technology Complex (RTC), whose mission is to study the effects of intense neutron and gamma radiation on reactor materials and fuels. The current experiments in the ATR are for a variety of customers--US DOE, foreign governments and private researchers, and commercial companies that need neutrons. The ATR has several unique features that enable the reactor to perform diverse simultaneous tests for multiple test sponsors. The ATR has been operating since 1967, and is expected to continue operating for several more decades. The remainder of this paper discusses the ATR design features, testing options, previous experiment programs, future plans for the ATR capabilities and experiments, and some introduction to the INL and DOE's expectations for nuclear research …
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Marshall, Frances M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Test Reactor LEU Fuel Conversion Feasibility Study -- 2006 Annual Report
The Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) is a high power density and high neutron flux research reactor operating in the U.S. Powered with highly enriched uranium (HEU), the ATR has a maximum thermal power rating of 250 MWth with a maximum unperturbed thermal neutron flux rating of 1.0 x 1015 n/cm2–s. Because of these operating parameters, and the large test volumes located in high flux areas, the ATR is an ideal candidate for assessing the feasibility of converting an HEU driven reactor to a low-enriched core. The present work investigates the necessary modifications and evaluates the subsequent operating effects of this conversion. A detailed plate-by-plate MCNP ATR 1/8th core model was developed and validated for a fuel cycle burnup comparison analysis. Using the current HEU U-235 enrichment of 93.0 % as a baseline, an analysis can be performed to determine the low-enriched uranium (LEU) density and U 235 enrichment required in the fuel meat to yield an equivalent Keff between the HEU core and a LEU core versus effective full power days (EFPD). The MCNP ATR 1/8th core model will be used to optimize the U 235 loading in the LEU core, such that the differences in Keff and heat profile …
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Chang, G. S. & Ambrosek, R. G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Advocate, Volume 11, Issue 4, October-December 2006
Quarterly update providing information on environmental regulations for small businesses and local governments in Texas.
Date:
October 2006
Creator:
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Alloy Films Deposited by Electroplating as Precursors for Protective Oxide Coatings on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Metallic Interconnect Materials
The successful development of stainless steel interconnects for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) may be the materials breakthrough that makes SOFC technology truly commercial. Many of the ferritic stainless steels, however, suffer from a relatively high area specific resistance (ASR) after long exposure times at temperature and the Cr in the native oxide can evaporate and contaminate other cell components. Conductive coatings that resist oxide scale growth and chromium evaporation may prevent both of these problems. In the present study electrochemical deposition of binary alloys followed by oxidation of the alloy to form protective and conductive oxide layers is examined. Results are presented for the deposition of Mn/Co and Fe/Ni alloys via electroplating to form a precursor for spinel oxide coating formation. Analysis of the alloy coatings is done by SEM, EDS and XRD.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Johnson, Christopher; Gemmen, R. S. & Cross, Caleb
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 108, No. 157, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 1, 2006
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Analysis of Br(anti-B ---> X(s gamma)) at NNLO With a Cut on Photon Energy
By combining a recent estimate of the total {bar B} {yields} X{sub s}{gamma} branching fraction at O({alpha}{sub s}{sup 2}) with a detailed analysis of the effects of a cut E{sub {gamma}} {ge} 1.6 GeV on photon energy, a prediction for the partial {bar B} {yields} X{sub s}{gamma} branching fraction at next-to-next-to-leading order in renormalization-group improved perturbation theory is obtained, in which contributions from all relevant scales are properly factorized. The result Br({bar B} {yields} X{sub s}{gamma}) = (2.98 {+-} 0.26) {center_dot} 10{sup -4} is about 1.4{sigma} lower than the experimental world average. This opens a window for significant New Physics contributions in rare radiative B decays.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Becher, Thomas & Neubert, Matthias
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of electromagnetic scattering by nearly periodic structures: an LDRD report.
In this LDRD we examine techniques to analyze the electromagnetic scattering from structures that are nearly periodic. Nearly periodic could mean that one of the structure's unit cells is different from all the others--a defect. It could also mean that the structure is truncated, or butted up against another periodic structure to form a seam. Straightforward electromagnetic analysis of these nearly periodic structures requires us to grid the entire structure, which would overwhelm today's computers and the computers in the foreseeable future. In this report we will examine various approximations that allow us to continue to exploit some aspects of the structure's periodicity and thereby reduce the number of unknowns required for analysis. We will use the Green's Function Interpolation with a Fast Fourier Transform (GIFFT) to examine isolated defects both in the form of a source dipole over a meta-material slab and as a rotated dipole in a finite array of dipoles. We will look at the numerically exact solution of a one-dimensional seam. In order to solve a two-dimensional seam, we formulate an efficient way to calculate the Green's function of a 1d array of point sources. We next formulate ways of calculating the far-field due to a …
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Johnson, William Arthur; Warne, Larry Kevin; Jorgenson, Roy Eberhardt; Wilton, Donald R. (University of Houston, Houston, TX); Basilio, Lorena I.; Peters, David William et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of Potential Materials for the Control Rod Sleeves of the Next Generation Nuclear Plant
Analysis of Potential Materials for the Control Rod Sleeves of the Next Generation Nuclear Plant
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Wright, Jill K. & Lloyd, W. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Artist Recreating Mural]
Photograph of an artist recreating a mural by Luis Jimenez for an event titled Tribute to Luis Jimenez: An American Legend. The event, which was hosted by the Mexic-Arte Museum in Austin, Texas, occurred on October 27th, 2006. Two men kneel over a large piece of paper as if to move it. The paper takes up most of the space in the room. The illustrations on the paper are black and white against a light brown background.
Date:
October 2006
Creator:
Mexic-Arte Museum (Austin, Tex.)
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Portal to Texas History
[Artist with Mural]
Photograph of an artist and a recreation of a mural by Luis Jimenez for an event titled Tribute to Luis Jimenez: An American Legend. The event, which was hosted by the Mexic-Arte Museum in Austin, Texas, occurred on October 27th, 2006. The mural rests on the floor of the gallery. The artist kneels behind it. The walls of the gallery are bare; buckets of paint and a ladder litter the floor.
Date:
October 2006
Creator:
Mexic-Arte Museum (Austin, Tex.)
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Aspen Global Change Institute Summer Science Sessions
The Aspen Global Change Institute (AGCI) successfully organized and convened six interdisciplinary meetings over the course of award NNG04GA21G. The topics of the meetings were consistent with a range of issues, goals and objectives as described within the NASA Earth Science Enterprise Strategic Plan and more broadly by the US Global Change Research Program/Our Changing Planet, the more recent Climate Change Program Strategic Plan and the NSF Pathways report. The meetings were chaired by two or more leaders from within the disciplinary focus of each session. 222 scholars for a total of 1097 participants-days were convened under the auspices of this award. The overall goal of each AGCI session is to further the understanding of Earth system science and global environmental change through interdisciplinary dialog. The format and structure of the meetings allows for presentation by each participant, in-depth discussion by the whole group, and smaller working group and synthesis activities. The size of the group is important in terms of the group dynamics and interaction, and the ability for each participant's work to be adequately presented and discussed within the duration of the meeting, while still allowing time for synthesis
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Katzenberger, John & Kaye, Jack A
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of Negligible Creep, Off-Normal Welding and Heat Treatment of Gr91 Steel for Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Application
Two different topics of Grade 91 steel are investigated for Gen IV nuclear reactor pressure vessel application. On the first topic, negligible creep of Grade 91 is investigated with the motivation to design the reactor pressure vessel in negligible creep regime and eliminate costly surveillance programs during the reactor operation. Available negligible creep criteria and creep strain laws are reviewed, and new data needs are evaluated. It is concluded that modifications of the existing criteria and laws, together with their associated parameters, are needed before they can be reliably applied to Grade 91 for negligible creep prediction and reactor pressure vessel design. On the second topic, effects of off-normal welding and heat treatment on creep behavior of Grade 91 are studied with the motivation to better define the control over the parameters in welding and heat treatment procedures. The study is focused on off-normal austenitizing temperatures and improper cooling after welding but prior to post-weld heat treatment.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Ren, Weiju & Terry, Totemeier
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility Operations Quarterly Report July 1 – September 30, 2006
Description. Individual raw data streams from instrumentation at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Climate Research Facility (ACRF) fixed and mobile sites are collected and sent to the Data Management Facility (DMF) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for processing in near real time. Raw and processed data are then sent daily to the ACRF Archive, where they are made available to users. For each instrument, we calculate the ratio of the actual number of data records received daily at the Archive to the expected number of data records. The results are tabulated by (1) individual data stream, site, and month for the current year and (2) site and fiscal year dating back to 1998.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Sisterson, DL
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Value-Added Product to Retrieve Optically Thin Cloud Visible Optical Depth using Micropulse Lidar
The purpose of the Micropulse Lidar (MPL) Cloud Optical Depth (MPLCOD) Value-Added Product (VAP) is to retrieve the visible (short-wave) cloud optical depth for optically thin clouds using MPL. The advantage of using the MPL to derive optical depth is that lidar is able to detect optically thin cloud layers that may not be detected by millimeter cloud radar or radiometric techniques. The disadvantage of using lidar to derive optical depth is that the lidar signal becomes attenuation limited when τ approaches 3 (this value can vary depending on instrument specifications). As a result, the lidar will not detect optically thin clouds if an optically thick cloud obstructs the lidar beam.
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Lo, C; Comstock, JM & Flynn, C
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Atomistic modeling of nanowires, small-scale fatigue damage in cast magnesium, and materials for MEMS.
Lightweight and miniaturized weapon systems are driving the use of new materials in design such as microscale materials and ultra low-density metallic materials. Reliable design of future weapon components and systems demands a thorough understanding of the deformation modes in these materials that comprise the components and a robust methodology to predict their performance during service or storage. Traditional continuum models of material deformation and failure are not easily extended to these new materials unless microstructural characteristics are included in the formulation. For example, in LIGA Ni and Al-Si thin films, the physical size is on the order of microns, a scale approaching key microstructural features. For a new potential structural material, cast Mg offers a high stiffness-to-weight ratio, but the microstructural heterogeneity at various scales requires a structure-property continuum model. Processes occurring at the nanoscale and microscale develop certain structures that drive material behavior. The objective of the work presented in this report was to understand material characteristics in relation to mechanical properties at the nanoscale and microscale in these promising new material systems. Research was conducted primarily at the University of Colorado at Boulder to employ tightly coupled experimentation and simulation to study damage at various material size …
Date:
October 1, 2006
Creator:
Dunn, Martin L. (University of Colorado, Boulder, CO); Talmage, Mellisa J. (University of Colorado, Boulder, CO); McDowell, David L., 1956- (,-Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA); West, Neil (University of Colorado, Boulder, CO); Gullett, Philip Michael (Mississippi State University , MS); Miller, David C. (University of Colorado, Boulder, CO) et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library