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Establishment of viscometer capability for geopressured fluids. Project 61024 final report, November 19, 1978-December 31, 1979
The feasibility of modifying the IGT capillary viscometer for the measurement of methane-saturated brines at 10,000 psi and 200/sup 0/C was evaluated. The viscometer was cleaned, modified, reassembled and pressure treated. The density cells were calibrated to a precision of approximately 7%. The viscosity of pure value was measured and the best value obtained was 6% below values reported in the literature. The operation of the viscometer was time-consuming and required meticulous cleaning between experiments. Some corrosion at the mercury surface interfered with the efficient operation of the timing device. Other problems were encountered due to gas bubbles trapped in the capillary flow path. Consequently, data on methane-saturated brine could not be obtained within the funding limitations of this program. It is concluded that further work on the existing viscometer would not be cost-effective.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Rockar, E. & Randolph, P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Joining of ceramics for high performance energy systems. Mid-term progress report, August 1, 1979-March 31, 1980
The subject program is primarily an exploratory and demonstration study of the use of silicate glass-based adhesives for bonding silicon-base refractory ceramics (SiC, Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/). The projected application is 1250 to 2050/sup 0/F relaxing joint service in high-performance energy conversion systems. The five program tasks and their current status are as follows. Task 1 - Long-Term Joint Stability. Time-temperature-transformation studies of candidate glass adhesives, out to 2000 hours simulated service exposure, are half complete. Task 2 - Environmental and Service Effects on Joint Reliability. Start up delayed due to late delivery of candidate glass fillers and ceramic specimens. Task 3 - Viscoelastic Damping of Glass Bonded Ceramics. Promising results obtained over approximately the same range of glass viscosity required for joint relaxation function (10/sup 7.5/ to 10/sup 9.5/ poise). Work is 90% complete. Task 4 - Crack Arrest and Crack Diversion by Joints. No work started due to late arrival of materials. Task 5 - Improved Joining and Fabrication Methods. Significant work has been conducted in the area of refractory pre-glazing and the application and bonding of high-density candidate glass fillers (by both hand-artisan and slip-spray techniques). Work is half complete.
Date:
October 6, 1980
Creator:
Smeltzer, C E & Metcalfe, A G
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Laser annealing of ion implanted CZ silicon for solar cell junction formation. Quarterly report No. 2
Results on a contract to evaluate the merits of large spot size pulsed laser annealing of ion implanted silicon wafers for junction formation in solar cells are reported. Investigations on homogenization of the laser beam were continued. In addition to the 30 mm diameter fused silica rod with a 90/sup 0/ bend configuration, quartz tubes were obtained and briefly tried. Best results were obtained with the rod homogenizer. Laser annealing experimentation resulted in complete recrystallization of ion implanted silicon substrates as confirmed by TEM and RBS analysis. Single pulse laser annealed, functional cells (2 x 2cm) were fabricated using varying process conditions, yielding conversion efficiencies predominantly in the 13% to slightly less than 15%.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Katzeff, J. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Continuing development of the DEROB system. Quarterly report, July 1, 1980-September 30, 1980
The last module of the DEROB System has been reprogrammed and recoded in an effort to reduce the computational time and cost associated with using DEROB. Some preliminary tests have been carried out on the new program, and the tentative results show that the time of execution can be reduced anywhere from 7% to 40% of the time required by the previous version of DEROB. The variability in the improvement arises from the options specified by the user. Additional tests are being carried out to debug the program. When these are completed, a copy of the new code will be sent to the technical monitors at SERI. This report outlines the structure of the new program, derives the general form of the heat transfer equations used in this new version, and describes the properties of the convergence accelerator derived for this new version of DEROB.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Arumi-Noe, F
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analytical model for a vertical buoyant jet
An analytical model for a round and two-dimensional turbulent buoyant jet which is discharged vertically into a stagnant ambient is developed. The buoyant jet is considered to have three separate zone models which are matched to form a complete solution. The velocity field is determined for the entire jet and plume regions by the use of an eddy viscosity which varies along the axis of the jet. The centerline decay of buoyancy is determined throughout and the results are compared to existing numerical codes. The model is applied to the disposal of carbon dioxide enriched seawater. The results can be used to provide design information for minimizing or maximizing the dilution of a discharge by the receiving environment.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Lee, D. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Performance estimates for personnel access control systems
Current performance estimates for personnel access control systems use estimates of Type I and Type II verification errors. A system performance equation which addresses normal operation, the insider, and outside adversary attack is developed. Examination of this equation reveals the inadequacy of classical Type I and II error evaluations which require detailed knowledge of the adversary threat scenario for each specific installation. Consequently, new performance measures which are consistent with the performance equation and independent of the threat are developed as an aid in selecting personnel access control systems.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Bradley, R. G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FEMWATER: a finite-element model of water flow through saturated-unsaturated porous media
Upon examining the Water Movement Through Saturated-Unsaturated Porous Media: A Finite-Element Galerkin Model, it was felt that the model should be modified and expanded. The modification is made in calculating the flow field in a manner consistent with the finite element approach, in evaluating the moisture-content increasing rate within the region of interest, and in numerically computing the nonlinear terms. With these modifications, the flow field is continuous everywhere in the flow regime, including element boundaries and nodal points, and the mass loss through boundaries is much reduced. Expansion is made to include four additional numerical schemes which would be more appropriate for many situations. Also, to save computer storage, all arrays pertaining to the boundary condition information are compressed to smaller dimension, and to ease the treatment of different problems, all arrays are variably dimensioned in all subroutines. This report is intended to document these efforts. In addition, in the derivation of finite-element equations, matrix component representation is used, which is believed more readable than the matrix representation in its entirety. Two identical sample problems are simulated to show the difference between the original and revised models.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Yeh, G.T. & Ward, D.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Research on human genetics in Iceland. Progress report
Records of the Icelandic Population are being used to investigate the possible inheritance of disabilities and diseases as well as other characters and the effect of environment on man. The progress report of research covers the period 1977 to 1980. The investigation was begun in 1965 by the Genetical Committee of the University of Iceland and the materials used are demographic records from the year 1840 to present and various medical information. The records are being computerized and linked together to make them effective for use in hereditary studies.
Date:
October 31, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Low-cost solar array project. Task I. Silicon material. Investigation of the hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/
Reaction kinetic measurements on the hydrochlorination of SiCl/sub 4/ and m.g. silicon metal were last reported as a function of reaction temperature, reactor pressure, H/sub 2//SiCl/sub 4/ ratio and silicon metal particle size distribution, 3 SiCl/sub 4/ + 2 H/sub 2/ + Si reversible 4 SiHCl/sub 3/. The effect of impurities in the m.g. silicon metal on the rate of this reaction has been investigated in this quarter. The m.g. silicon was replaced with high purity, electronic grade silicon metal in the hydrochlorination reaction. With electronic grade Si, the reaction rate was found to be about one order of magnitude slower than those obtained with m.g. silicon metal. These metallic impurities in the m.g. silicon appear to have a catalytic effect. Addition of 5 wt% cuprous chloride to the electronic grade Si mass bed increased the reaction rate to the same level as those obtained with m.g. silicon with 5% CuCl added. The effect of prolonged reaction time on the hydrochlorination reaction was studied. The plan is to run the reaction for long periods of time with the objective of studying the life of the Si mass bed. No significant change in the reaction rate was observed after about 80 …
Date:
October 7, 1980
Creator:
Mui, J. Y. P. & Seyferth, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Parity violation in polarized electron scattering
The weak forces are responsible for the decay of radioactive nuclei, and it was in these decay processes where parity non-conservation was first observed. Beta decay occurs through emission of e/sup +/ or e/sup -/ particles, indicating that the weak force can carry charge of both signs, and it was natural to speculate on the existence of a neutral component of the weak force. Even though weak neutral forces had not been observed it was conjectured that a neutral component of weak decay could exist, and Zel'dovich in 1957 suggested that parity violating effects may be observable in electron scattering and in atomic spectra. More than twenty years have passed since the early conjectures, and a great deal has been learned. Progress in quantum field theory led to the development of the SU(2) x U(1) gauge theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions and provided a renormalizable theory with a minimum of additional assumptions. Gauge theories predicted the existence of a new force, the neutral current interaction. This new interaction was first seen in 1973 in the Gargamelle bubble chamber at CERN. Today the neutral currents are accepted as well established, and it is the details of the neutral current structure …
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Prescott, Charles Y.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Uranium in Granites From the Southwestern United States: Actinide Parent-Daughter Systems, Sites and Mobilization: First Year Report, [Color Figures]
Color copies of photomicrograph figures that accompany a report studying uranium in granites in the southwestern United States.
Date:
October 1980
Creator:
Silver, L. T.; Williams, I. S. & Woodhead, J. A.
Object Type:
Image
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Screening study on high temperature energy transport systems
The purpose of the study described in this document is to identify the options for transporting thermal energy over long distances. The study deals specifically and exclusively with high temperature (> 400/sup 0/C(752/sup 0/F)) energy for industrial use. Energy transport is seen as a potential solution to: high unit cost of small coal and nuclear steam generators, and opposition to siting of coal or nuclear plants near populated areas. The study is of a preliminary nature but covers many options including steam, molten salts, organics, and chemical heat pipes. The development status and potential problems of these and other energy transport methods are discussed. Energy transport concepts are compared on a fundamental level based on physical properties and also are subjected to an economic study. The economic study indicated that the chemical heat pipe, under a specific set of circumstances, appeared to be the least expensive for distances greater than about 32 km (20 miles). However, if the temperature of the energy was lowered, the heat transfer salt (sodium nitrate/nitrite) system would apparently be a better economic choice for less than about 80 km (50 miles). None of the options studied appear to be more attractive than small coal-fired boilers …
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Graves, R.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optical watthour meter digitizer
As concern about energy conservation and energy-use efficiency increases, a simple and inexpensive instrument that would provide accurate, reliable and high-resolution data on electrical energy usage should find widespread application in research and industrial facilities. An instrument that would also provide one or more outputs compatible with a wide range of digital data acquisition systems would be especially appropriate, since the use of automatic data logging equipment is now common, even in small-scale and low-budget operations. An optical watthour meter digitizer was developed which meets these criteria. Based on the induction-type watthour meter, the digitizer provides an output pulse for a fixed amount of energy use. The digitizer senses the motion of the rotor disc of the meter by optically detecting passage of a nonreflective area painted on the underside of the disc. The passage of such area initiates a logic-compatible output pulse that can be used to measure power or energy usage in a variety of ways. The accuracy of the measurement is determined by the watthour meter. The resolution of the measurement is determined by the K/sub h/ constant (in watthours per revolution) of the meter and the number of equally spaced targets painted on the disc. The …
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Andrews, W.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Diamond-turning tool setting by interferogram analysis
A method was developed to establish a numerically controlled tool path with respect to the work spindle centerline. Particularly adapted to the diamond turning of optics, this method is based upon interferogram analysis and is applicable to the establishment of the work spindle centerline relative to the tool path for any center-turned optic having a well-defined vertex radius of curvature. The application reported is for an f/2 concave spherical mirror.
Date:
October 22, 1980
Creator:
Rasnick, W.H. & Yoder, R.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Instruction manual for the program SHAPEFACTOR
A numerical technique is presented for evaluating the geometrical radiant exchange factors (also called shape or view factors) between surfaces with interposed obstructions. Since the program is developed for plane surfaces, arbitrary surfaces are expressed by the juxtaposition of plane surfaces; to simplify the input and output, the program respectively combines and decomposes these elemental surfaces. The data input format, although designed for manual input, is ideally suited for standard three-dimensional mesh-generated programs. When obstructions are not present, the calculated exchange factors are accurate to within tenths of a percent; but when obstructions are present, the accuracy depends on the nature of the problem, the refinement of the elemental area mesh, and the amount of computation called for by the user. This program has been adapted for solving central-receiver cavity problems.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Emery, A.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Project for laboratory study for removal of organic sulfur from coal. Quarterly technical progress report
The Gravimelt Process was extended to the desulfurization of ordinary mine-cleaned Kentucky No. 11 coal obtained from the Tennessee Valley Authority. Eight process runs were made resulting in reduction of the sulfur content from a starting 2.7 lbs S/10/sup 6/ Btu to a mean of 0.475 lbs S/10/sup 6/ Btu, (0.95 lbs SO/sub 2//10/sup 6/ Btu) for an average 82% sulfur reduction. The effect of utilization of molten sodium hydroxide alone vs molten mixed potassium and sodium hydroxide was investigated for this coal; sulfur reduction averaged 84% for the mixed melt and 78% for the use of sodium hydroxide alone. A double extraction with sodium hydroxide resulted in a reduction in total sulfur to 0.3 lbs S/10/sup 6/ Btu which is an 89% reduction. In a series of experiments, the melt was reused three times on fresh samples of coal, always giving the same amount of sulfur reduction. Extraction of the desulfurized Kentucky No. 11 coals with an additional dilute sulfuric acid wash reduced the ash content of the coal from 7.9% to a level of 0.3%, thus providing a solid hydrocarbon fuel similar in both ash and sulfur content to a medium grade fuel oil. Multiple experimentation on high …
Date:
October 15, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Open-cycle OTEC system performance analysis. [Claude cycle]
An algorithm developed to calculate the performance of Claude-Cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) systems is described. The algorithm treats each component of the system separately and then interfaces them to form a complete system, allowing a component to be changed without changing the rest of the algorithm. Two components that are subject to change are the evaporator and condenser. For this study we developed mathematical models of a channel-flow evaporator and both a horizontal jet and spray director contact condenser. The algorithm was then programmed to run on SERI's CDC 7600 computer and used to calculate the effect on performance of deaerating the warm and cold water streams before entering the evaporator and condenser, respectively. This study indicates that there is no advantage to removing air from these streams compared with removing the air from the condenser.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Lewandowski, A.A.; Olson, D.A. & Johnson, D.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solvent Refined Coal-II (SRC-II) detailed environmental plan
This document describes environmental research which will: aid in the development of an environmentally acceptable SRC-II process; and provide data for environmental assessment of the process. The SRC-II process is described, criteria for selection of samples to undergo environmental analyses are given, and approximate timelines are presented for obtaining pertinent samples. At this time, the SRC-II process is at the pilot-plant stage of development and a demonstration facility is scheduled to begin operation in 1984. Since design criteria may change, the environmental research described in this document is organized in four phases which correlate with and will provide information early in process development. Phase I research (screening) evaluates samples from existing SRC-II facilities (pilot, process demonstration unit (PDU), bench) which may bracket potential demonstration/commercial practice in terms of physical and chemical criteria. The samples are being subjected to a battery of short-term biomedical and ecological assays. Chemical fractionation and analysis are being performed to determine compounds and compound classes of potential concern. Phase II (baseline) research will evaluate SRC-II materials which are considered most representative of potential demonstration/commercial practice. These materials will be subjected to longer-term, more-extensive biological and ecological analyses relative to effects and environmental fate. Phase III research …
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurement techniques
The discussion will be restricted to measurements of voltage and current. Also, although the measurements themselves should be as quantitative as possible, the discussion is rather nonquantitative. Emphasis is on types of instruments, how they may be used, and the inherent advantages and limitations of a given technique. A great deal of information can be obtained from good, clean voltage and current data. Power and impedance are obviously inherent if the proper time relationships are preserved. Often an associated, difficult-to-determine, physical event can be evaluated from the V-I data, such as a time-varying load characteristic, or the time of light emission, etc. The lack of active high voltage devices, such as 50-kV operational amplifiers, restricts measurement devices to passive elements, primarily R and C. There are a few more exotic techniques that are still passive in nature. There are several well-developed techniques for voltage measurements. These include: spark gaps; electrostatic meters; capacitive dividers; mixed RC dividers; and the electro-optic effect. Current is measured by either direct measurement of charge flow or by measuring the resulting magnetic field.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Willis, W. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of nitrogen compound types in hydrotreated Paraho shale oil
Results from the separation and characterization of nitrogen compound types in hydrotreated Paraho shale oil samples were obtained. Two samples of Paraho shale oil were hydrotreated by Chevron Research Company such that one sample contained about 0.05 wt. percent nitrogen and the other sample contained about 0.10 wt. percent nitrogen. A separation method concentrate specific nitrogen compound types was developed. Characterization of the nitrogen types was accomplished by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, potentiometric titration, and elemental analysis. The distribution of nitrogen compound types in both samples and in the Paraho crude shale oil is compared.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Holmes, S.A. & Latham, D.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Progress report on research on human genetics in Iceland
Records of the Icelandic population are being used to investigate the possible inheritance of disabilities and diseases as well as other characteristics and the effect of environment on man. The progress report of research covers the period from 1977 to 1980. The investigation was begun in 1965 by the Genetical Committee of the University of Iceland and the materials used are demographic records from the year 1840 to present and various medical information. The records are being computerized and linked together to make them effective for use in hereditary studies.
Date:
October 31, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Organizing for nuclear power facility development. Final draft report
Centralized power development concepts have been of interest for some years and have been given considerable study in the past, e.g., the Congressionally-directed 1975 NRC studies. In general, while all such studies have concluded that such Centers did offer potential benefits and were feasible, in the mid-1970's, when most of these studies were done, the advantages did not appear to make use of Energy Centers on balance, preferable to continued conventional or dispersed siting. The DOE recognized that more recent circumstances, particularly the TMI accident, and the new imperatives which have been defined since that event for the proper conduct of the nuclear power ''enterprise'' may well have changed that balance. Centralized siting may today offer important benefits, but clearly those benefits can only be realized if the Center is effectively organized and if the institutional problems of organization (i.e., financial, political and jurisdictional) can be dealt with. Thus the Department of Energy asked the S.M. Stoller Corporation (SMSC) to outline the institutional factors and the organizational considerations to be taken into account in the establishment of nuclear power energy centers in the United States.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Instrumentation and controls of an ignited tokamak
The instrumentation and controls (I and C) of an ignited plasma magnetically confined in a tokamak configuration needs increased emphasis in the following areas: (1) physics implications for control; (2) plasma shaping/position control; and (3) control to prevent disruptive instabilities. This document reports on the FY 1979 efforts in these and other areas. Also presented are discusssions in the areas of: (1) diagnostics suitable for the Engineering Test Facility (ETF); and (2) future research and development (R and D) needs. The appendices focus attention on some preliminary ideas about the measurement of the deuteron-triton (D-T) ratio in the plasma, synchrotron radiation, and divertor control. Finally, an appendix documenting the thermal consequences to the first wall of a MPD is presented.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Becraft, W. R.; Golzy, J.; Houlberg, W. A.; Kukielka, C. A.; Onega, R. J.; Raju, G. V. S. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High intensity polarized electron sources
The status of the polarized electron source development program at SLAC will be reviewed. Emission currents of 60 A, corresponding to a space charge limited current density of 180 A/cm/sup 2/, have been obtained from GaAs photocathodes. Electron beam polarization 20% greater than that obtainable from GaAs cathodes has been observed from multilayer GaAs-GaAlAs structures. Work in progress to produce high beam polarization from II-IV-V/sub 2/ chalcopyrite photocathodes will also be described.
Date:
October 1, 1980
Creator:
Sinclair, C. K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library