A megachannel pulse-height analysis system using a PDP-8/E computer and two moving-head disk memories has been developed. The system has a storage capacity of 220 memory locations, is capable of processing 1100 events/s, and provides on-line sorting and disk storage. An X- or Y-pulse-height spectrum in coincidence with one or several arbitrary pulse-height windows can be assembled in core for scope display and spectral analysis within 2 to 20 seconds. Reconstruction of a complete X- or Y-pulse-height spectrum requires about 3 minutes.

Thirty-nine one meter square proportional chambers with delay line readout were constructed for the external muon identifier of the Fermilab 15 foot bubble chamber. They provide X,Y,U(45/sup 0/) and T (avalanche time) information using a single wire plane, etched strip cathodes and nine amplifiers. They have a time resolution of +-27ns, single particle spatial resolution of +-2 to +-3mm and double particle resolution of approximately 2/sup 1///sub 2/ to 4cm. The energy accessible to each wire is limited so none of the wires in the first 25 chambers has broken since their installation in 1973 to 1974.

The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor will be installed at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory facility. This is a major step to reach the goal of fusion power using toroidal magnetic fields for plasma confinement. A major part of this test reactor will be four neutral beam injection systems. These systems will inject 20 MW of 120 kV neutral deuterium atoms into the plasma for 0.5 seconds. In order to achieve the required power input to the plasma, several systems are required within the neutral beam line. These are the source, neutralizer, ion deflection magnet, calorimeter and retraction system, ion dump, cryopumps and vacuum enclosure. All of these systems have constraints imposed which increase the complexity of their designs. Since all systems must operate in a tritium environment, remote handling capabilities must be incorporated into the design. An overview is presented of the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory/Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Neutral Beam Injection System design. Specifications for the machine and a general description of the total system are presented.

In the present ISABELLE design, the luminosity at each insertion will be the same, unless special efforts are taken to get a low-..beta.. insertion or reduced crossing angle. These can only change the luminosity by factors of 2 to 4 from insertion to insertion. An estimation of the range of desired luminosities is given.

The Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX) is designed to test the physics of a new approach to Q-enhancement in open confinement systems. In the tandem mirror concept, the ends of a long solenoid are plugged electrostatically by means of ambipolar potential barriers created in two mirror machines or plugs, one at each end of the solenoid. The ambipolar potential in mirror machines develops as a consequence of the higher scattering rate of electrons and the balancing of electron and ion loss rates. The TMX experiment incorporates very few new engineering developments, but it does involve a new way of combining in an integrated system many previously developed ideas. The engineering task is to design the machine that would provide a proof-of-principle evaluation of the tandem mirror concept as rapidly as possible. The preliminary design was started in September 1976 and was completed by December 1976. It led to a cost estimate of $11 million and a scheduled construction period of 18 months.

Most of the components of the Neutral Beam Lines of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) will be enclosed in a 50 cubic meter box-shaped vacuum chamber. The chamber will have a number of unorthodox features to accomodate both neutral beam and TFTR requirements. The design constraints, and the resulting chamber design, are presented.

The use of electron impact broadened resonance lines to diagnose near-term high density diagnostics is discussed. In particular, the question of how to choose seed and pusher materials to have discernible broadening effects while maintaining line visibility is discussed.

The relativistic multigroup diffusion equations describing superthermal electron transport in laser fusion plasmas were derived in an earlier UCRL. A successful numerical scheme based on these equations which is now being used to model laser fusion experiments is described.

Four different models of the migration process have been reviewed to determine their suitability as a working model. While there are several common factors in the models additional factors are included to account for several possible effects. The detail of each model leads to a certain degree of difficulty in applying the model to the problem at hand. One model predicts that inclusions smaller than 0.1 mm dimension probably will not migrate. The other models do not consider size as a factor. Thermal diffusion (Soret effect) is considered insignificant in three models, while in the fourth model it is added to the concentration diffusion term. The following conclusions are made: (1) Temperature is the most significant parameter in all models and must be known as a function of time, and distance from the canister. (2) All four models predict about the same migration velocity for a given set of conditions. For 100/sup 0/C and 1/sup 0/C/cm thermal gradient, the individual values are 3.0, 4.8, 5.6 and 6.4 mm/y. (3) The diffusion of ions through the brine inclusions is the rate controlling mechanism. (4) The difference between the thermal gradients in the liquid and in the solid should always be considered, …

When canisters containing radwastes are emplaced in a repository the heat produced by the decaying radwaste will cause moderate thermal gradients to develop which will cause the brine present in a halite medium (salt deposits) to accumulate around the canister. Four different models of the migration process have been reviewed to determine their suitability as a working model. One model predicts that inclusions smaller than 0.1 mm dimension probably will not migrate. The other models do not consider size as a factor. Thermal diffusion (Soret effect) is considered insignificant in three models, while in the fourth model it is added to the concentration diffusion term. The following conclusions can be made: Temperature is the most significant parameter in all models and must be known as a function of time, and distance from the canister. All four models predict about the same migration velocity for it is a given set of conditions; for 100/sup 0/C and 1/sup 0/C/cm thermal gradient, it is 3.0, 4.8, 5.6 and 6.4 mm/y. Diffusion of ions through the brine inclusions is the rate controlling mechanism. The difference between the thermal gradients in the liquid and in the solid should always be considered and is a function …

The Ca II absorption lines observed in the late time optical spectra of Type I supernovae are analyzed in the context of the /sup 56/Ni model. The analysis indicates that a metal rich atmosphere of mass approx. 0.2 M/sub solar mass/ surrounds the /sup 56/Ni core. This result is consistent with properties of the atmosphere derived from spectra near maximum light.

Development of indirectly heated cathodes and duoplasmatron type electron feed assemblies is being pursued for use on positive ion sources of neutral beam systems. The cathodes utilize La/sub 2/O/sub 3/ doped molybdenum emission surfaces which supply ionizing electrons for a large rectangular (28 cm. x 60 cm.) magnetic multi-cusp confinement chamber. Single and double electron feed assemblies with different electrode geometries were tested at discharge currents of greater than or equal to 1000 A and pulse lengths of approx. 35 sec. Details of construction and performance results such as plasma uniformity are discussed.

The demonstration of ICF scientific feasibility requires success in target design, driver development and target fabrication. Since these are interrelated, we present here some results of ion beam target studies and relate them to parameters of interest to ion accelerators. Ion deposition physics have long been a well known subject apart from high beam currents. Recent NRL experiments at up to 250 kA/cm/sup 2/ ions confirm the classical deposition physics now at current densities which are comparable to most ion targets. On the other hand, GSI data at low current density but 1 to 10 MeV/nucleon are continually being accumulated. They have yet to find anomalous results. Relying on target concepts outlined briefly, we report on the energy gain of ion-driven fusion targets as a function of input energy, ion ranges and focal spot radius. We also comment on some consequences of target gain versus driver and reactor requirements.

The reconfiguration of MFTF to a tandem mirror machine with thermal barriers has caused a significant expansion in the physical scope of plasma diagnostics. From a mechanical perspective, it complicates the plasma access, system interfaces, growth and environmental considerations. Conceptual designs characterize the general scope of the design and fabrication which remains to be done.

The MFTF SNBPSS comprises a number of sources of potentially hazardous electrical energy in a small physical area. Power is handled at 80 kV dc, 80 A; 70 V dc, 4000 A; 25 V dc, 5500 A; 3 kV dc, 10 A; and 2 kV dc, 10 A. Power for these systems is furnished from two separate 480 V distribution systems and a 13.8 kV distribution system. A defense in depth approach is used; interlocks are provided in the hardware to make it difficult to gain access to an energized circuit, and the operating procedure includes precautions which would protect personnel even if no interlocks were working. The complexity of the system implies a complex operating procedure, and this potential complexity is controlled by presenting the procedure in a modular form using 37 separate checklists for specific operations. The checklists are presented in flowchart form, so contingencies can be handled at the lowest possible level without compromising safety.

The health concerns of several substances likely to be encountered in the non-industrial indoor environment are discussed. Monitoring data and information on the health effects of CO, NO/sub 2/, formaldehyde, and radon are included. (JGB)

The modeling of sodium pool fires constitutes an important ingredient in conducting LMFBR accident analysis. Such modeling capability has recently come under scrutiny at Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC) within the context of developing CONACS, the Containment Analysis Code System. One of the efforts in the CONACS program is to model various combustion processes anticipated to occur during postulated accident paths. This effort includes the selection or modification of an existing model and development of a new model if it clearly contributes to the program purpose. As part of this effort, a new sodium pool fire model has been developed that is directed at removing some of the deficiencies in the existing models, such as SOFIRE-II and FEUNA.

Following the First International Conference on Radioactive Nuclear Beams'' in Berkeley, a workshop was held on October 19, 1989 at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory to discuss plans for a National High Intensity Radioactive Nuclear Beam (RNB) Facility. The purpose of the workshop was -- after having discussed during the conference the physics question that can be addressed with RNBs -- to evaluate more concretely the possibilities for actually constructing such a facility in this country. It is becoming increasingly apparent that facility producing beams of radioactive nuclei with extreme neutron-to-proton ratios is of high scientific interest and technically feasible. It would allow the study of nuclear structure and astrophysical reactions very far from the line of stable nuclei, and could provide new possibilities of reaching the long-sought island of stability of superheavy nuclei. Such facilities are under advanced consideration in Japan and at CERN in Europe. This paper contains a slightly edited transcript of the tape recording that was made of the workshop.

This report discusses the following topics: US Nuclear Data Network Meeting; TUNL A=3--20 Data Project Activity Report 1993; INEL Mass-chain Evaluation Project Activity Report for 1993; 1993 Isotopes; Nuclear Data Project Activity Report; The NNDC Activity Report Parts A and B; Minutes of the Formats and Procedures Subcommittee; Evaluation of High-spin Nuclear Data for ENSDF and Table of Superdeformed Nuclear Bands; Proposal for Support of a Experimental High-spin; Data File/Data-Network Coordinator; Radioactive Decay and Applications; A Plan for a Horizontal Evaluation of Decay Data; ENSDF On-line System; The MacNuclide Project Expanding the Scope of the Nuclear Structure Reference File; ENSDAT: Evaluated Nuclear Structure Drawings and Tables; Cross Section Evaluation Working Group (CSEWG) and CSEWG Strategy Session; A Draft Proposal for a USNDN Program Advisory Council; Recommendations of Focus Group 1; Recommendations of Focus Group 2; Recommendations of Focus Group 3; Recommendations of Focus Group 4; The Table of Isotopes; The Isotopes CD-ROM; Electronic Table of Isotopes (ETOI); and Electronic Access to Nuclear Data.

A number of advances in modeling multiphase incompressible flow are described. These advances include high-order Godunov projection methods, piecewise linear interface reconstruction and tracking and the continuum surface force model. Examples are given.

An experimental modal analysis was performed on PATHFINDER, a 450-lb, 100-ft wing span, flying-wing-design aircraft powered by solar/electric motors. The aircraft was softly suspended and then excited using random input from a long-stroke shaker. Modal data was taken from 92 measurement locations on the aircraft using newly designed, lightweight, tri-axial accelerometers. A conventional PC-based data acquisition system provided data handling. Modal parameters were calculated, and animated mode shapes were produced using SMS STARStruct{trademark} Modal Analysis System software. The modal parameters will be used for validation of finite element models, optimum placement of onboard accelerometers during flight testing, and vibration isolation design of sensor platforms.

The commissioning of the 7-GeV Advanced Photon Source (APS) storage ring began in early 1995. Characterization of the stored particle beam properties involved time-resolved transverse and longitudinal profile measurements using optical synchrotron radiation (OSR) monitors. Early results include the observation of the beam on a single turn, measurements of the transverse beam sizes after damping using a 100 {mu}s integration time ({sigma}{sub x} {approximately} 150 {plus_minus} 25 {mu}m, {sigma}{sub {gamma}} {approximately} 65 {plus_minus} 25 {mu}m, depending on vertical coupling), and measurement of the bunch length ({sigma}{sub {tau}} {approximately} 25 to 55 ps, depending on the charge per bunch). The results are consistent with specifications and predictions based on the 8.2 nm-rad natural emittance, the calculated lattice parameters, and vertical coupling less than 10%. The novel, single-element focusing mirror for the photon transport line and the dual-sweep streak camera techniques which allow turn-by-turn measurements will also be presented. The latter measurements are believed to be the first of their kind on a storage ring in the USA.

Performance measurement and analysis of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) beam position monitor (BPM) electronics are reported. The results indicate a BPM resolution of 0.16 {mu}m{center_dot}mA/{radical}Hz in terms of the single-bunch current and BPM bandwidth. For the miniature insertion device (ID) BPM, the result was 0.1 {mu}m{center_dot}mA/{radical}Hz. The improvement is due to the 3.6 times higher position sensitivity (in the vertical plane), which is partially canceled by the lower button signal by a factor of 2.3. The minimum single-bunch current required was roughly 0.03 mA. The long-term drift of the BPM electronics independent of the actual beam motion was measured at 2 {mu}m/hr, which settled after approximately 1.5 hours. This drift can be attributed mainly to the temperature effect. Implications of the BPM resolution limit on the global and local orbit feedback systems for the APS storage ring will also be discussed.

The successful 2-D simulations of z-pinch experiments (reproducing such features as the measured experimental current drive, radiation pulse shape, peak power and total radiated energy) can lead to a better understanding of the underlying physics in z-pinch implosions and to the opportunity to use such simulations in the analysis of experimental data and in the design of new experiments. Such use has been made with LANL simulations of experiments on the Sandia Saturn and Z accelerators. Applications have included ''vacuum'' and ''dynamic'' hohlraum experiments; variations in mass, radius and length; and ''nested'' array configurations. Notable examples include the explanation of the power/length results in reduced length pinches and the prediction of the current best power and pulsewidth nested array experiment. Examples of circumstances where the simulation results do not match the experiments will be given along with a discussion of opportunities for improved simulation results.