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208,504 Matching Results

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(open access)

Design, development, and demonstration of a promising integrated appliance. Phase I: design. Final report

The combination or integration of appliances for the economical recovery of energy which is normally wasted during the operation of heating systems, air conditioners, water heaters, stoves, clothes washers and driers, and refrigerators in homes and commercial buildings was studied. The potential energy savings achievable by using waste heat from one appliance as heat input to another, e.g., water heaters, was estimated, and the economic benefit to the consumer calculated. Six integrated appliance systems, all involving waste heat utilization to augment water heating were identified as economically feasible with a maximum cost payback period of 3.5 y in residential buildings and 5.0 y for commercial buildings. These included heat recovery from furnaces, air conditioners, commercial ranges, heat in water drains in homes, and heat in water drains in commercial buildings. The first three are the most promising. A program to demonstrate the performance of these three integrated appliance systems and to further their commercialization is recommended. (LCL)

Date: September 1, 1977

Creator: Lee, W. D.; Lawrence, W. T. & Wilson, R. P.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Mixing and Evaporation in a Packed Vessel

In connection with an evaluation of the operability of a 36-inch diameter remote evaporator at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant that was to be packed with a corrosionresistant neutron-poison packing for criticality control, an investigation in a 30-inch diameter vessel proved that air sparging effectively mixes solutions. The data showed that at similar spar;e rates the presence of the packing caused an increase in the time needed for complete mixing. The investigation showed that solutions are readily evaporated in spite of the presence of packing in the tank. (auth)

Date: September 20, 1961

Creator: Cederberg, C. K. & Buckham, J. A.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Liquefaction of coals using ultra-fine particle, unsupported catalysts: In situ generation by rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions

The program objective is to generate ultra-fine catalyst particles (20 to 400 {Angstrom} in size) and quantify their potential for improving coal dissolution in the solubilization stage of two-stage catalytic-catalytic liquefaction systems. In the first quarterly report for this program the concept behind our approach was detailed, the structure of the program was presented, key technical issues were identified, preliminary designs were outlined, and technical progress was discussed. All progress made during the second quarter of this program related to experiment design of the proposed supercritical expansion technique for generating ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles. This second quarterly report, therefore, presents descriptions of the final designs for most system components; diagnostic approaches and designs for determining particles size and size distributions, and the composition of the pre-expansion supercritical solution; and the overall technique progress made during this reporting period. 6 refs., 15 figs., 1 tab.

Date: September 1, 1991

Creator: unknown

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Aerial gamma ray and magnetic survey: Mississippi and Florida airborne survey, Fort Smith quadrangle, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. Final report

The Fort Smith quadrangle in western Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma overlies thick Paleozoic sediments of the Arkoma Basin. These Paleozoics dominate surface exposure except where covered by Quaternary Alluvial materials. Examination of available literature shows no known uranium deposits (or occurrences) within the quadrangle. Seventy-five groups of uranium samples were defined as anomalies and are discussed briefly. None were considered significant, and most appeared to be of cultural origin. Magnetic data show character that suggest structural and/or lithologic complexity, but imply relatively deep-seated sources.

Date: September 1, 1980

Creator: unknown

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Phosphate-bonded glass cements for geothermal wells. Final report

Calcium aluminosilicate glasses were found to react with phosphoric acid in three ways depending upon silica content. Above 55% SiO/sub 2/ they are insoluble while below 50% they dissolve readily. The transition compositions release calcium and aluminum ions and a silica gel phase replaces the glass. Activation energies in the order of 10 kcal/mole are associated with the dissolution. Equilibrium studies in the systems CaO-P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-H/sub 2/O, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-H/sub 2/O, and CaO-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-H/sub 2/O were made to determine the phases which are stable at 200/sup 0/C in excess water. The CaO system shows hydroxylapatite, monetite and monocalcium orthophosphate are the stable phases. The Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ system contains augelite, berlinite, and a high phosphate aluminum hydrate. The quaternary system shows the above phase plus a lime alumina hydrogarnet and crandallite. Cement made from a glass frit of the composition 45% SiO/sub 2/: 24% CaO: 24% Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ has a compressive strength of 500 psi after several days in steam at 200/sup 0/C and 800 psi after months in steam. Bonding of cements to mild steel are discussed.

Date: September 1, 1979

Creator: Rockett, T.J.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Evaluation of environmental dosimetry models for applicability to possible radioactive waste repository discharges

This report presents the results of a review of the available codes, for application to the National Waste Terminal Storage (NWTS) Program. Consideration was given to the types of radionuclides which may be of concern, the possible modes of release of these radionuclides and the various pathways by which members of the general public in the vicinity of a terminal storage facility may be exposed to the releases. Results reveal that the types and quantities of radioactive material requiring disposal will depend on the type of back and fuel cycle adopted. It can be assumed that under normal operating conditions there will be virtually no liquid effluent and inconsequentially small quantities of radioactive gaseous effluent. Under accident conditions during operation, both liquid and gaseous releases could occur resulting in exposures to the general public. Failure of the facility subsequent to decommissioning could also result in exposures but primarily via the aquatic pathways. A review of three atmospheric dispersion models and 32 environmental dosimetry codes presently used by the nuclear industry was performed. A discussion is presented on standard NRC methodologies for determining the dispersion coefficients used as input to the various models and the inherent limitations of many of the …

Date: September 1, 1977

Creator: Mauro, J. J.; Michlewicz, D. & Letizia, A.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Aerial gamma ray and magnetic survey: Mississippi and Florida airborne survey, Helena quadrangle of Arkansas, Mississippi and Tennessee. Final report

The Helena quadrangle covers a region largely within the Mississippi River flood plain in the extreme northern Gulf Coastal Province. Tertiary sediments in this area are relatively thick, and overlie a Paleozoic basin gradually shoaling to the northeast. The Oachita Tectonic Zone strikes southeasterly through the center of the quadrangle. The exposed sequence is almost entirely Quaternary sediments of the flood plain area. Older Cenozoic deposits crop out in upland areas on the west side of the river valley. A search of available literature revealed no known uranium deposits. Sixty uranium anomalies were detected and are discussed briefly. None were considered significant, and all appeared to occur as the result of cultural and/or weather effects. Magnetic data appear to be in agreement with existing structural interpretations of the region.

Date: September 1, 1980

Creator: unknown

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Geoecology: a county-level environmental data base for the conterminous United States

The Geoecology Data Base represents a unique compilation of computerized environmental data for research and development needs. Environmental assessment and planning for energy development require rapid access to data at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. In the Environmental Sciences Division (ESD) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), we have developed an integrated data base of diverse environmental resource information from extant sources. Data are stored at the county level of resolution for the conterminous United States with some data available for subcounty units within larger, more diverse eastern counties. The Geoecology Data Base contains selected data on terrain and soils, water resources, forestry, vegetation, agriculture, land use, wildlife, air quality, climate, natural areas, and endangered species. Basic files on human population are also included to complement the environmental files. Data are stored in metric-SI units. The Geoecology Data Base is currently fulfilling diverse ongoing research needs while it is being expanded and updated as needs and new data are identified. This report is both a documentation and a user's guide to the Geoecology Data Base. It describes the Data Base design, illustrates applications, provides examples of accessing the Data Base, and gives general information on the data set contents.

Date: September 1, 1980

Creator: Olson, R. J.; Emerson, C. J. & Nungesser, M. K.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Utility FGD survey, January--December 1988

This report summarizes the status of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) technology as of December 1988. It highlights the status of the electric utility power industry, projected growth of coal-fired power generation, and the current status and future trends in FGD application. Also discussed is the implementation status of other control technologies such as fluidized bed boilers, which utilities may opt for instead of FGD systems. 15 refs., 2 figs., 10 tabs.

Date: September 1, 1991

Creator: Hance, S.L.; McKibben, R.S. & Jones, F.M. (IT Corp., Cincinnati, OH (United States))

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Acceleration of beam ions during major radius compression in TFTR

Tangentially co-injected deuterium beam ions were accelerated from 82 keV up to 150 keV during a major radius compression experiment in TFTR. The ion energy spectra and the variation in fusion yield were in good agreement with Fokker-Planck code simulations. In addition, the plasma rotation velocity was observed to rise during compression.

Date: September 1, 1985

Creator: Wong, K. L.; Bitter, M.; Hammett, G. W.; Heidbrink, W.; Hendel, H.; Kaita, R. et al.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Solar hot water system installed at Days Inn Motel, Jacksonville, Florida

The solar energy hot water system installed in the Days Inns of America, Inc., Days Inn Motel (120 rooms) I-95 and Cagle Road, Jacksonville, Florida, is described. The solar system was designed by ILI, Incorporated to provide 65 percent of the hot water demand. The system is one of eleven systems planned under this grant. Water (in the Solar Energy Products, Model CU-30ww liquid flat plate collector (900 square feet) system) automatically drains into the 1000 gallon lined and vented steel storage tank when the pump is not running. Heat is transferred from storage to Domestic Hot Water (DHW) tanks through a tube and shell heat exchanger. A circulating pump between the DHW tanks and heat exchanger enables solar heated water to help make up DHW standby losses. All pumps are controlled by differential temperature. This system was turned on June 19, 1979. The solar components were partly funded ($15,823 of $31,823 cost) by the Department of Energy.

Date: September 1, 1980

Creator: unknown

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Tellurium interference in /sup 129/I activation analysis

Measurement of /sup 129/I at low levels is required for effluent control, environmental assessment and tracer studies in the natural environment. Low level /sup 129/I analysis has also been used for measurement of natural-fission-produced /sup 129/I in minerals and ores as well as meteorites. The most sensitive method for /sup 129/I measurements is neutron activation analysis of iodine separated from a suitable sample. Minimum sample processing prior to neutron activation is desirable in order to reduce chances of sample contamination with uranium or /sup 129/I. A potential interference in the activation analysis method is the production of /sup 129/I (/sup 130/I) from Te impurities in the irradiated ampoule. Procedures have been developed and applied to measurement of the magnitude of the potential Te interference. One-tenth of a microgram of Te in the irradiated ampoule is sufficient to produce interference in the analysis. This is detectable by either radiochemical Te measurements or by /sup 131/I detection in the iodine fraction from the irradiated ampoule. This paper discusses the procedures and results of Te interference studies in /sup 129/I activation analysis. The interference was found to be insignificant for most analyses. 5 tables.

Date: September 20, 1979

Creator: Kaye, J. H.; Brauer, F. P. & Strebin, Jr., R. S.

Object Type: Article

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Classification of disruptions in PBX

Disruptions in beam-heated plasmas on PBX were studied by classifying precursor oscillations detected by a soft x-ray imaging system and Mirnov coils. A data base consisting of 80 discharges was constructed. In low I/sub p/ operation, attainable ..beta../sub T/ values are limited by disruptions preceded by m = 1 activity at the center and coupled an m/n = even/1 mode. In high I/sub p/ and high ..beta../sub T/ operation with high indentation, the sawtooth activity disappears. At these disruptions the plasma loses vertical position or distorts on a relatively fast time scale (<100 microseconds).

Date: September 1, 1985

Creator: Itami, K.; Jahns, G.; Yamada, H. & McGuire, K.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Energy and protein production from pulp mill wastes. Progress report, June 15, 1977--September 15, 1977

Experiments conducted during this past quarter demonstrated the decided difference both in amount and composition of the gas produced from the fermentation of ozonated versus unozonated yeast-plant SSL. Gas from ozonated SSL averaged over 80% methane content while unozonated effluent was mostly carbon dioxide. Gas production rates and retention time studies indicated that the fermentation was substrate-limited. Preliminary tests using supplemental carbon sources have verified this. The success of the ozonation process in producing fermentable substrates was clearly shown by the appreciable yeast growth in the ozonated SSL. Of particular significance was the maximum yield obtained at the short ozonation time of 10 minutes as compared to the 2-hour treatment. It is possible that shortening the ozonation time could also increase the amount of substrate available for methane production. This would be very important in transferring this process to a commercial basis and reducing the operating costs.

Date: September 15, 1977

Creator: Jurgensen, M. F. & Patton, J. T.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Automatic program timing profiles with FTN4

Design of a scheme for producing execution timing profiles of FORTRAN programs automatically is proposed with a recommendation to implement it as an option to the compiler. An experimental implementation on the LBL 7600 is also described. 1 figure.

Date: September 1, 1980

Creator: Friedman, R.

Object Type: Article

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

CALCULATION OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR OPERATION OF REFRACTORY-METAL COMPONENTS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE IN VACUUM

Equations based on kinetic theory relate the contamination of refractory metals in vacuum to the appropriate variables. Several examples are given for which the allowable system pressures are calculated. The examples illustrate the effect of varying several parameters. The importance of the sticking factor for active gases on hot refractory metals and its effect on the system design are discussed. The data for estimating the sticking factor for O/sub 2/ on Nb are given, along with some estimated values. Experimental data on the composition and rates of outgassing of ultrahigh-vacuum systems and their importance in system design are discussed. Several methods of reducing contamination rates and the relative ease and effectiveness of these methods are presented. It was concluded that tests of 1000 hr or longer will probably require system pressures of between 10/sup -9/ and 10/sup -6/ torr, the particular pressure depending upon the residual gas composition, test duration, allowable contamination level, and the other variables discussed. Since the most important source of contamination in a properly designed ultrahigh-vacuum system is the outgassing process, bakeable systems should be designed to operate with walls as cool as practical, and to have a minimum of surface area and outgassing materials inside. …

Date: September 18, 1962

Creator: Clausing, R.E.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Emission in the 50-80 A region from highly ionized silver in PLT tokamak plasmas

The spectrum of silver emitted by Princeton Large Torus (PLT) tokamak plasmas has been recorded in the 25 to 150 A region by a multichannel time-resolving grazing-incidence spectrometer. Silver atoms have been introduced in the tokamak plasma using the laser blow-off technique. For the first time, lines emitted within the 3p-3d transitions of Ag XXIX, Ag XXX, and Ag XXXI ions, between 50 and 80 A, have been identified.

Date: September 1, 1985

Creator: Schwob, J.L.; Wouters, A.; Suckewer, S.; Cohen, S.A. & Finkenthal, M.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

SACRD: a data base for fast reactor safety computer codes, operational procedures

SACRD (Safety Analysis Computerized Reactor Data) is a data base of nondesign-related information used in computer codes for fast reactor safety analyses. This document reports the procedures used in SACRD to help assure a reasonable level of integrity of the material contained in the data base. It also serves to document much of the computer software used with the data base.

Date: September 1, 1980

Creator: Forsberg, V. M.; Arwood, J. W.; Greene, N. M. & Raiford, G. B.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Magnetic measurements of the transuranium elements. Progress report, January 1-December 31, 1986

Magnetic measurements have been made on polycrystalline CfCl/sub 3/ in both a hexagonal and orthorhombic crystal form. The magnetic properties were studied as a function of crystal structure by converting the same sample back and forth from one form to the other. In a continuation of a study of the magnetic transition temperature as a function of actinide-actinide separation of the curium pnictide series we have undertaken magnetic measurements on curium bismuthide during this contract period. We have accomplished several milestones in our program to grow single crystals of actinide metals and compounds and determine their solid-state properties. Previous physical property measurements on transamericium actinide materials have been mainly limited to polycrystalline samples due to the limited availability of materials and the great material losses incurred during the common crystal growth methods. We have investigated a low-loss, microscale technique of crystal growth using lanthanides as non-radioactive stand-ins for the radioactive actinides.

Date: September 1, 1986

Creator: Nave, S.E.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Case study of the Wendel-Amedee Exploration Drilling Project, Lassen County, California, User Coupled Confirmation Drilling Program

The Wendel-Amedee KGRA is located in Honey Lake basin in Lassen County, California, on the boundary between the Modoc Plateau and the Basin and Range geologic provinces. A variety of geophysical surveys was performed over the project property. Geophysical data helped in establishing the regional structural framework, however, none of the geophysical data is sufficiently refined to be considered suitable for the purpose of siting an exploration drill hole. Drilling of reservoir confirmation well WEN-1 took place from August 1 to September 22, 1981. Pulse and long-term flow testing subjected the reservoir to a maximum flow of 680 gpm for 75 hours. At that rate, the well exhibited a productivity index of 21.6 gpm/psi; the reservoir transmissivity was 3.5 x 10/sup 6/ md-ft/cp. The maximum bottom-hole temperature recorded during testing was 251/sup 0/F. The conceptual model of the geothermal resource at Wendel Hot Springs calls on ground water, originating in the neighboring volcanic highlands, descending through jointed and otherwise permeable rocks into the granitic basement. Once in the basement, the fluid is heated as it continues its descent, and lateral movement as dictated by the hydrologic gradient. It then rises to the discharge point along transmissive faults. 45 refs., 28 …

Date: September 1, 1984

Creator: Zeisloft, J.; Sibbett, B.S. & Adams, M.C.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Confirmation test for gas/slurry flow in SRC-I coal liquefaction process. Internal R and D final report

The overall objective of program 12.11.1 was to provide data needed to confirm the design of the transport system, slurry heat exchangers, and slurry feed manifolds for the SRC-I Demonstration Plant. Because of lack of funds, the program was terminated before most of the work was completed. Two studies related to distribution of two-phase flow in the heat exchanger tubes were finished. A special system was designed to measure slurry concentration and flow rate in different tubes. Results showed that withdrawing slurry samples from the sides of the tubes gives a reasonably accurate measure of the concentration. Flow rate was measured indirectly with a photodiode/digital counter arrangement that measured velocity of a gas slug injected in the tube. A simple linear correlation was found to exist between the average slurry velocity and the gas-slug velocity. 1 reference, 25 figures.

Date: September 1, 1983

Creator: Moujaes, S.F.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Neoclassical transport in stellarators

The stellarator neoclassical transport due to particles trapped in local helical wells is calculated in the low-collisionality regime using a systematic expansion. The behavior of electron transport is found to be the same over a wide range of energies, but the behavior of ion transport for low energy ions is found to be different than that for high energy ions. Furthermore, the electron fluxes do not vary with the change in the radial ambipolar electric field nearly as much as do the ion fluxes. Thus, the particle diffusion is controlled by the electrons. A nonradial ambipolar electric field is induced by ion drift. This electric field enhances the transport by about 15 to 20%. A convenient graphical method that allows one to determine the magnitude of the radial ambipolar field for machines with different parameters is presented. Numerical examples show that electron energy confinement time is comparable to the ion energy confinement time for all the different size stellarators studied. Although the neoclassical losses are large, it is shown that ignition can be achieved in a reasonably sized stellarator reactor. Finally, from the standpoint of reactor economics, the confinement scaling law shows that in order to increase n tau, it …

Date: September 1, 1985

Creator: Ho, D.D.M. & Kulsrud, R.M.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Thermo-chemical energy conversion and storage. Final report

Research support for the cyclohexane/benzene heat pipe development program at Sandia Laboratories is reported. The apparent kinetics of the gas-phase catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to benzene in an internally recirculated (gradientless) reactor over the temperature range from 500 to 800/sup 0/F at 1 atm at various space velocities was studied. A kinetic model was developed based on a reversible mass-action rate expression and a catalyst effectiveness factor which is able to correlate both the conversion and reaction rate data very well over the temperature range 500 to 750/sup 0/F. The data taken at 800/sup 0/F appear to be qualitatively and quantitatively different than the data taken at the lower temperatures. It is not as yet clear, whether this can be attributed to a change in kinetic mechanism or some reversible alteration of the catalyst surface at the higher temperature. The formation of side products in this system over the same temperature range was also studied. Both the number and amount of side product(s) formed increases with increasing temperature and residence time. Over the temperature range from 500 to 600/sup 0/F the side products produced appear to be strongly related to the presence of low molecular weight unsaturated hydrocarbon impurities in …

Date: September 1, 1978

Creator: Ritter, A.B.; DeLancey, G.B.; Schneider, J. & Silla, H.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

(open access)

Cross Sections for X-Ray Photoelectron-Induced Desorption of Hydrogen Ions From Metal Surfaces

We have measured the cross sections for x-ray photoelectron-induced desorption of hydrogen ions from beryllium, carbon, aluminum, tantalum, and gold surfaces. This report describes the results of the cross-section measurements, and discusses a time-of-flight technique that allows the determination of ionic-desorption cross sections as small as 10/sup -25/ cm/sup 2/ per photoelectron. 19 refs., 7 figs.

Date: September 20, 1985

Creator: Kinney, J. H.; Siekhaus, W. J. & Anderson, R. A.

Object Type: Report

System: The UNT Digital Library

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