Photograph of the effects of deferred grazing of side oats grama on the Simmons ranch. This grass has not been grazed during 1958 to allow the grass to seed and let the stand become thicker and in general improve the range.

Photograph of stream bank at end of highway bridge at west end eroded away in spite of temporary erosion control measure of cottonwood trees cabled to bank. The west approach of the bridge was also washed out. Repair of the approach of bridge was $30,000 for 600 foot section whcih had to be replaced. Permanent control structure is being installed to reduce this type of damage in the future at a cost of $100,000.

Photograph of permant type control measure being installed to reduce stream bank erosion by holding this stream in its original banks so it will flow through the present bridge. In July, 1955 a temporary stream bank erosion control measure of cotton wood trees cabled to the bank was installed but the west approach of the bridge received serious damage in 1956. The cost to repair bridge approach was $30,000 and the permanent channel control structure will cost $100,000. Some permanent upstream flood control structure would reduece this flooding.

Photograph of a float for leveling land which will be used for irrigating farming. This float is 12 feet wide and 30 feet long and is constucted with 3x12 inch lumber. The grader blade in the center is adjustable. Ralph Mitchell, owner, using float. This float was costructed in farmers shop at the cost of 40 to 50 dollars.

Photograph of Guar being grown on soil unit 12 where it had been very difficlut to secure a stand of any crop. Guar is grown as a soil improving crop. Cooperators rotation on this land is guar and cotton. Farmer estimates cotton yeilds have increased 30% since he has been using Guar in his rotation.

Photograph of trial grass plantings. Chiseled area, 12 inches deep, in native grass pasture which was reseeded to native grasses: blue grama, buffalo and side oats grama. The native pasture grasses were 80% dead as the result of drought conditions. The field trial was made to determine the effects of seedbed preparations. The broom weed in the chiseled area was killed while the native grasses left showed signs of recovery. This planting was made in cooperation with the Soil Conservation Service [SCS]. OK-360-3.

Photograph of Roland Lee, UWC, in 1951 developing a plan between the City of Shawnee and the Shawnee SCD to treat the City Lake Watershed to control erosion and reduce the silt load of streams feeding the lake. M.D. Gamble, Agronomist, SCS, checks conservation treatment of this large, once active gully. Water was diverted from gully and it was making a good seed crop, controlling erosion and furnishing food and cover for wildlife. This area is also protected from fire and grazing. The application of this Soil Conservation District Plan is now saving the City of Shawnee many dollars on water filtration and guarantees storage capacity of this water system for many years to come.

Photograph of M. D. Gamble, Agronomist, SCS, looking at native grasses established on flood plain area to reduce silt load of water going into the Shawnee City Lake. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Watershed Treatment. Roland Lee, WUC, in 1951 developed a plan between the City of Shawnee and the Shawnee SCS to treat the City Lake watershed to control erosion and reduce the silt load of streams feeding the lake. M. D. Gamble, Agronomist, SCS, looking at native grasses established on flood plain area to reduce silt load of water going into the Shawnee City Lake. This grass is now making a good seed crop, controlling erosion, and furnishing food and cover for wildlife. This are is also protected from fire and grazing. The application of this Soil Conservation District plan is now saving the City of Shawnee many dollars on water filtration and guarantees storage capacity of the water system for many years to come."

Photograph of M. D. Gamble, Agronomist, SCS, checking the conservation treatment of a large, once active gully nine miles west of Shawnee. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Watershed Treatment. Roland Lee, UWC [sic], in 1951 developed a plan between the City of Shawnee and the Shawnee SCD to treat the City Lake Watershed to control erosion and reduce the silt load of streams feeding the lake. M. D. Gamble, Agronomist, SCS, checks conservation treatment of this large, once active gully. Water was diverted from gully and it was seeded to mixed native grass. The grass is now making a good seed crop, controlling erosion and furnishing food and cover for wildlife. This area is also protected from fire and grazing. The application of the Soil Conservation District Plan is now saving the City of Shawnee many dollars on water filtration and guarantees storage capacity of this water system for many years to come."

Photograph of Roland Lee, WUC, standing in a field nine miles west of Shawnee. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Watershed Treatment. Roland Lee, WUC, in 1951 developed a plan between the City of Shawnee and the Shawnee SCD to treat the City Lake watershed to control erosion and reduce the silt load of streams feeding the lake. Waster was diverted from this active gully on Class VII land, and it was seeded to mixed native grass. No longer is this a critical silt contributing area. Native grass now making seed, and, in addition to erosion control, it is an excellent wildlife habitat. This conservation treatment program now saves the City of Shawnee man dollars annually."

Photograph of two UNIDENTIFED men examining the effects of deferred grazing of sideoats grass on the J. R. Simmons ranch. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Effects of deferred grazing of sideoat [sic] grass on the Simmons ranch. This grass has not been grazed during 1958 to allow the grass to seed and let the stand become thicker and in general impeove [sic] the range."

Photograph of mesquite trees growing on red clay flats range site. In the background, Deep Red Creek is barely visible, as the mesquite trees obscure it. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Mesquite trees on range land. Treadway soils, Red Clay flats range site, Good condition, Deep Red Run Creek in background."

Photograph of several heads of cattle in a mesquite infested range. The back of the photograph proclaims, “Cattle in mesquite infested range. Vernon clay loam. Red Clay Prairie range site. Main grasses are buffalograss [sic] and vine mesquite.“

Photograph of two UNIDENTIFED men examining the effects of deferred grazing of sideoats grass on the J. R. Simmons ranch. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Effects of deferred grazing of sideoats grass on the Simmons ranch. This grass has not been grazed during 1958 to allow the grass to seed and let the stand become thicker and in general impeove [sic] the range."

Photograph of watershed treatment. Roland Lee, WUC [= Work Unit Conservationist], in 1951 developed a plan between the city of Shawnee and the local SCD [= Soil Conservation District] for the conservation treatment of the City Lake watershed to control erosion and reduce the silt load of streams feeding the City Lake. Water was diverted from this active gully on Class VII land. This gully was not seeded. Mr. Lee points out the slow growth and absence of vegetation when left to natural means. Note recovery of native grass between gullies resulting from deferred grazing and protection from fire. OK-365-12.

Photograph of a close up of an area sprayed with 2-4-5T to control the shinnery oak brush. Note condition of the shinnery plants. Sand bluestem and little bluestem are the dominant grasses and their grazing has been deferred during the summer season. The grasses are showing good improvement.

Photograph of stream bank at end of highway bridge at west end eroded away in spite of temporary erosion control measure of cottonwood trees cabled to bank. The west approach of the bridge was also washed out. Repair of the approach of bridge was $30,000 for 600 foot section whcih had to be replaced. Permanent control structure is being installed to reduce this type of damage in the future at a cost of $100,000.

Photograph of permant type control measure being installed to reduce stream bank erosion by holding this stream in its original banks so it will flow through the present bridge. In July, 1955 a temporary stream bank erosion control measure of cotton wood trees cabled to the bank was installed but the west approach of the bridge received serious damage in 1956. The cost to repair bridge approach was $30,000 and the permanent channel control structure will cost $100,000. Some permanent upstream flood control structure would reduece this flooding.

Photograph of permant type control measure being installed to reduce stream bank erosion by holding this stream in its original banks so it will flow through the present bridge. In July, 1955 a temporary stream bank erosion control measure of cotton wood trees cabled to the bank was installed but the west approach of the bridge received serious damage in 1956. The cost to repair bridge approach was $30,000 and the permanent channel control structure will cost $100,000. Some permanent upstream flood control structure would reduece this flooding.

Photograph of flood prevention & municipal supply dam. Dragline working in wet core Sta. 17/00 C/L Dam.

Photograph of Roland Lee, UWC, in 1951 developed a plan between the City of Shawnee SCD to treat the City Lake Watershed to control erosion and reduce the silt load of streams feeding the lake. M.D. Gamble, Agronomist, SCS, checks conservation treatment of this large, once active gully. Water was diverted from gully and it was seeded to mixed native grass. The grass is now making a good seed crop, controlling erosion and furnishing food and cover for wildlife. This area is also protected from fire and grazing. The applicaiton of this Soil Conservation District Plan is now saving the City o Shawnee many dollars on water filtration and guarantees storage capacity of this water system for many years to come.

Photograph of cotton being irrigated with row irrigation system from syphons moving water from ditch to cotton rows are 1.5 inch. The back of the photograph proclaims, “Irrigation (cotton). Cotton being irrigated with row irrigation system. Syphons moving water from ditch to cotton rows are 1.5 inch. This is the third year irrigation for this land. The cotton is following hairy vetch which was planted in maise [sic] stalks. Estimated cotton yield is 2 bales per acre. The irrigation system was laid out by the SCS.”

Photograph of Mr. Lee, who is standing in a gully, pointing out the slow growth and absence of vegetation when left to natural means. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Watershed Treatment. Roland Lee, WUC, in 1951 developed a plan between the City of Shawnee and the local SCD for conservation treatment of the City Lake watershed to control erosion and reduce silt load of streams feeding City Lake. Water was diverted from this active gully on Class VII land. This gully was not seeded. Mr. Lee points out the slow growth and absence of vegetation when left to natural means. Note recovery of native grass between gullies resuflting [sic] from deferred grazing and protection of fire."

Photograph of Roland Lee, WUC, standing in a field nine miles west of Shawnee. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Watershed Treatment. Roland Lee, WUC, in 1951 developed a plan between the City of Shawnee and the Shawnee SCD to treat the City Lake watershed to control erosion and reduce the silt load of streams feeding the lake. Waster was diverted from this active gully on Class VII land, and it was seeded to mixed native grass. No longer is this a critical silt contributing area. Native grass now making seed, and, in addition to erosion control, it is an excellent wildlife habitat. This conservation treatment program now saves the City of Shawnee man dollars annually."