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Thermodynamics of natural and industrial waters (open access)

Thermodynamics of natural and industrial waters

The most effective general formulations of thermodynamic equations for multicomponent aqueous solutions are discussed with respect to various ranges of temperature, pressure and composition with emphasis on solutes important in natural or industrial waters. A familiar equation in molality and in excess Gibbs energy is very successful up to 300{degree}C and ionic strength 6 mol{center dot}kg{sup {minus}1}, and can often be extended to 350{degree}C or above at high pressure and in favorable cases to ionic strength 12 or even 20. Alternate methods valid to higher solute compositions, even to pure fused salts, are described. A more difficult situation arises near the critical point of water where the compressibility becomes infinite and a Helmholtz energy basis must be adopted. Existing equations for this range and still higher temperatures and pressures are considered and possible improvements discussed. 85 refs., 13 figs., 3 tabs.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Pitzer, K.S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ab initio calculations on collisions of low energy electrons with polyatomic molecules (open access)

Ab initio calculations on collisions of low energy electrons with polyatomic molecules

The Kohn variational method is one of simplest, and oldest, techniques for performing scattering calculations. Nevertheless, a number of formal problems, as well as practical difficulties associated with the computation of certain required matrix elements, delayed its application to electron--molecule scattering problems for many years. This paper will describe the recent theoretical and computational developments that have made the complex'' Kohn variational method a practical tool for carrying out calculations of low energy electron--molecule scattering. Recent calculations on a number of target molecules will also be summarized. 41 refs., 7 figs.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Rescigno, T. N.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Manual of analytical methods for the Industrial Hygiene Chemistry Laboratory (open access)

Manual of analytical methods for the Industrial Hygiene Chemistry Laboratory

This Manual is compiled from techniques used in the Industrial Hygiene Chemistry Laboratory of Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The procedures are similar to those used in other laboratories devoted to industrial hygiene practices. Some of the methods are standard; some, modified to suit our needs; and still others, developed at Sandia. The authors have attempted to present all methods in a simple and concise manner but in sufficient detail to make them readily usable. It is not to be inferred that these methods are universal for any type of sample, but they have been found very reliable for the types of samples mentioned.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Greulich, K. A. & Gray, C. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Westinghouse Hanford Company waste minimization and pollution prevention awareness program plan (open access)

Westinghouse Hanford Company waste minimization and pollution prevention awareness program plan

The purpose of this plan is to establish the Westinghouse Hanford Company's Waste Minimization Program. The plan specifies activities and methods that will be employed to reduce the quantity and toxicity of waste generated at Westinghouse Hanford Company (Westinghouse Hanford). It is designed to satisfy the US Department of Energy (DOE) and other legal requirements that are discussed in Subsection C of the section. The Pollution Prevention Awareness Program is included with the Waste Minimization Program as permitted by DOE Order 5400.1 (DOE 1988a). This plan is based on the Hanford Site Waste Minimization and Pollution Prevention Awareness Program Plan, which directs DOE Field Office, Richland contractors to develop and maintain a waste minimization program. This waste minimization program is an organized, comprehensive, and continual effort to systematically reduce waste generation. The Westinghouse Hanford Waste Minimization Program is designed to prevent or minimize pollutant releases to all environmental media from all aspects of Westinghouse Hanford operations and offers increased protection of public health and the environment. 14 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Craig, P.A.; Nichols, D.H. & Lindsey, D.W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Structural analysis of the central Columbia Plateau utilizing radar, digital topography, and magnetic data bases (open access)

Structural analysis of the central Columbia Plateau utilizing radar, digital topography, and magnetic data bases

Interest in the Hanford site (Washington) as a nuclear production, power, and waste disposal site has led to generation of a vast quantity of geophysical and remote sensing data sets of the central Columbia Plateau. To data, these various studies, including at least 13 independent magnetic linear and image lineament studies, have not been adequately correlated. Therefore, these studies provide a unique opportunity to compare and contrast the viability of the different geophysical and remote sensing techniques. The geology of the central Columbia Plateau is characterized by subdued topography and limited outcrop, with most of the exposure concentrated in localized folded/faulted mountains (the Yakima folds) and along river canyons. In order to efficiently compare lineament data bases, we have written an automated computer routine that correlated lineaments that are within a user specified distance of each other. The angle between their trends has to be less than an input maximum separation angle. If more than two lineament maps exist for the area, the analyst may also specify the minimum number of times each structure must be seen. The lineament correlation routine was applied to data bases of all aeromagnetic linears as well as lineaments seen on radar and a digital …
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Thiessen, R. L.; Eliason, J. R.; Johnson, L. K.; Brougher, C. W. (Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). Dept. of Geology); Foley, M. G. & Beaver, D. E. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States))
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Thin polymer icemaker development and test program (open access)

Thin polymer icemaker development and test program

We have constructed and tested a small device to produce ice in ice/water mixtures using a cold fluid as the heat sink. The device is a flexible heat exchanger constructed from a thin film of a suitable polymer. When filled with circulating liquid coolant the heat exchanger consists of an inflated series of parallel tubes; ice forms on the outside in complementary half cylinders. When the circulation is cut off, gravity drains the coolant and the static head of the water bath crushes the tubes, freeing them from the ice which floats to the surface. Brine circulation is then re-started and the cycle begins again. Here we report recent testing of this device: it makes ice readily under water and easily sheds the semi-cylinders of ice over many cycles of operation. It produces ice at a rate of 10 kg/m{sup 2}-hour. It offers substantial benefits in simplicity and reliability over mechanical harvester ice making systems, and the potential for significant improvements in energy efficiency compared to systems which use a re-heat cycle to harvest the ice. A reliable method of leak detection has been developed. The device should be of substantial value to systems where efficiency and reliability are at …
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Leigh, R.W. (Pratt Inst., Brooklyn, NY (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental recordkeeping: The administrative record (open access)

Environmental recordkeeping: The administrative record

This document provides information on an environmental records management system. It includes information on environmental recordkeeping; environmental regulations with emphasis on the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA); and the administrative record including a case study of the Hanford Site's administrative record system. This paper will focus on the following objectives: (1) Identify resources that can be used as reference tools; (2) understand the reasons for developing and maintaining an administrative record; and, (3) evaluate an existing system and identify means of complying with the regulations. 15 refs., 2 figs.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Sprouse, B.S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Jet rates from deep inelastic muon scattering in the W range of 15 to 35 GeV (open access)

Jet rates from deep inelastic muon scattering in the W range of 15 to 35 GeV

Production rates of forward jets in deep inelastic muon scattering are studied using the JADE jet finding algorithm. The evolution of di-jet rates with W is compared to QCD first order predictions in the W range of 15 to 25 GeV. 7 refs., 3 figs.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Salgado, C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Micro-scale mass-transfer variations during electrodeposition (open access)

Micro-scale mass-transfer variations during electrodeposition

Results of two studies on micro-scale mass-transfer enhancement are reported: (1) Profiled cross-sections of striated zinc surfaces deposited in laminar channel flow were analyzed with fast-fourier transforms (FFT) to determine preferred striation wavelengths. Striation frequency increases with current density until a minimum separation between striae of 150 {mu}m is reached. Beyond this point, independent of substrate used, striae meld together and form a relatively smooth, nodular deposit. Substrates equipped with artificial micron-sized protrusions result in significantly different macro-morphology in zinc deposits. Micro-patterned electrodes (MPE) with hemispherical protrusions 5 {mu}m in diameter yield thin zinc striae at current densities that ordinarily produce random nodular deposits. MPEs with artificial hemi-cylinders, 2.5 {mu}m in height and spaced 250 {mu}m apart, form striae with a period which matches the spacing of micron-sized ridges. (2) A novel, corrosion-resistant micromosaic electrode was fabricated on a silicon wafer. Measurements of mass-transport enhancement to a vertical micromosaic electrode caused by parallel bubble streams rising inside of the diffusion boundary-layer demonstrated the presence of two co-temporal enhancement mechanisms: surface-renewal increases the limiting current within five bubble diameters of the rising column, while bubble-induced laminar flows cause weaker enhancement over a much broader swath. The enhancement caused by bubble curtains …
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Sutija, D.P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radioactivities of Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) materials: Baggage and bonanzas (open access)

Radioactivities of Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) materials: Baggage and bonanzas

Radioactivities in materials onboard the returned Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) satellite have been studied by a variety of techniques. Among the most powerful is low-background Ge-semiconductor detector gamma-ray spectrometry, illustrated here by results obtained at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's (LBL) Low Bakground Facilities, in a multi-laboratory collaboration coordinated by Dr. Thomas Parnell's team at the Marshall Spacecraft Center, Huntsville, Alabama.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Smith, A. R. & Hurley, D. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Glossary: Carbon dioxide and climate (open access)

Glossary: Carbon dioxide and climate

This Glossary contains definitions of selected CO{sub 2}-related terms as well as tables containing information related to CO{sub 2} and climate. Each term is defined with an emphasis on its relationship to CO{sub 2} and climate. Many of the definitions are then followed by a more detailed description of the term and its use. References to the literature from which the definitions were taken are listed at the end of the Glossary.
Date: August 1, 1990
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
F/H Area ETF effluent (H-016 outfall), ceriodaphnia survival/reproduction test, test date: March 21, 1991 (open access)

F/H Area ETF effluent (H-016 outfall), ceriodaphnia survival/reproduction test, test date: March 21, 1991

This toxicity test was conducted to determine if the effluent from the F/H area at Savannah River Plant affects the survival or reproduction of the test organisms during a seven day period. The test involved exposing the test organisms to a series of dilutions of the effluent. At each dilution the survival and reproduction of ten test organisms was recorded. Each effluent dilution was compared to a control set of test organisms. Survival data were analyzed by Fisher's Exact Test and the Trimmed Spearman-Karber test to determine the effluent concentration necessary to cause statistically significant (p = 0.05) mortality. Reproduction data was analyzed for normality, homogeneity of variance and equality of replicates among dilutions to determine the appropriate statistical test for analysis of statistical differences in reproduction among dilutions. Results are summarized.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Specht, Winona L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Some general properties of stimulated Raman propagation with pump depletion, transiency and dispersion (open access)

Some general properties of stimulated Raman propagation with pump depletion, transiency and dispersion

This note considers some of the properties of the Stokes pulse that grows from a specified seed pulse in the presence of a strong pump pulse as it propagates through a dispersive atomic vapor. We first present an generic dimensionless form for the coupled equations that govern the propagation of pump and Stokes fields or collinear plane-wave pulses. By treating the two fields we permit pump depletion. We include transient atomic response (as embodied in the Raman coherence), but neglect changes in atomic populations. (Thus our equations pertain to the regime in which atoms are more numerous than photons). The equations employ a gain length, a dispersion time {tau}{sub dis}, and a Raman coherence time (or memory time) {tau}{sub R} as basic parameters: these two times, together with a single-photon stationary-atom detuning {Delta}, subsume the details of a particular atomic Raman transition and particular operating conditions. (The effects of Doppler shifts enters the equations through the coherence time). We discuss some general properties of these generic Raman propagation equations, and present illustrations of their solutions in the absence of dispersion. We comment on departures from exponential growth. We than show examples of behavior when dispersion is present and the pump …
Date: August 2, 1991
Creator: Shore, B. W.; Lowder, S. & Johnson, M. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Quantum electrodynamics with complex fermion mass (open access)

Quantum electrodynamics with complex fermion mass

The quantum electrodynamics (QED) with a complex fermion mass -- that is, a fermion mass with a chiral phase -- is restudied, together with its chirally rotated version. We show how fake electric dipole moment can be obtained and how to avoid it. 10 refs.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: McKellar, B. J. H. & Wu, D. D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Three-dimensional free electron laser dispersion relation including betatron oscillations (open access)

Three-dimensional free electron laser dispersion relation including betatron oscillations

We have developed a 3-D FEL theory based upon the Maxwell-Vlasov equations including the effects of the energy spread and emittance of the electron beam, and of betatron oscillations. The radiation field is expressed in terms of the Green's function of the inhomogeneous wave equation and the distribution function of the electron beam. The distribution function is expanded in terms of a set of orthogonal functions determined by the unperturbed particle distribution. The coupled Maxwell-Vlasov equations are then reduced to a matrix equation, from which a dispersion relation for the eigenvalues is derived. In the limit of small betatron oscillation frequency, the present dispersion relation reduces to the well-known cubic equation of the one-dimensional theory in the limit of large beam size, and it gives the correct gain in the limit of small beam size. Comparisons of our numerical results with other approaches show good agreement. We present a handy empirical formula for the FEL gain of a 3-D Gaussian beam, as a function of the scaled parameters, that can be used for a quick estimate of the grain. 5 refs., 2 figs.
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Chin, Y. H.; Kim, K. J. & Xie, M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Leilani Lattin Duke to Bill McCarter, August 5, 1994] (open access)

[Letter from Leilani Lattin Duke to Bill McCarter, August 5, 1994]

Photocopy of a letter from Leilani Lattin Duke, director of the Getty Center, to Bill McCarter, co-director of NTIEVA, inviting McCarter to attend the Getty Center's fifth national conference, "Beyond the Three R's: Transforming education with the Arts," being held from January 12th - 14th, 1995 in Washington, D.C., Hilton Hotel and Towers. The conference will cover education reforms in the schools and how education in the arts is contributing to achieving the reform agenda. Duke invites McCarter to be a featured speaker at the breakout session for January 13th, which will focus the highlights of the Regional Institute Directors work in relation to the DBAE, discipline-based art education.
Date: August 5, 1994
Creator: Duke, Leilani Lattin
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Vicki Rosenberg to Jack Davis and Bill McCarter, August 30, 1993] (open access)

[Letter from Vicki Rosenberg to Jack Davis and Bill McCarter, August 30, 1993]

Photocopy of a letter from Vicki Rosenberg, program officer for the Getty Center, to Jack Davis and Bill McCarter, co-directors of NTIEVA, in regards to the status of their fiscal year of 1994, FY94, funding grant. Rosenberg apologizes to Davis and McCarter for the delay but that it will be four more weeks until she has an answer to their funding proposal as Leilani Lattin Duke is out of the country and cannot review the paperwork until her return.
Date: August 30, 1993
Creator: Rosenberg, Vicki
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Nancy Reynolds and Kay Wilson to Jim Peterson, August 9, 1993] (open access)

[Letter from Nancy Reynolds and Kay Wilson to Jim Peterson, August 9, 1993]

Photocopy of a letter from Nancy Reynolds, Project Coordinator, and Kay Wilson, Research Assistant of North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts, to Jim Peterson, Whataburger Inc. In regards to the use of Peterson's condominium in Corpus Christi during the teacher seminar presented at the Art Museum of South Texas. Reynolds and Wilson write that they have developed rewarding relationships with sever corporate groups in Texas in their efforts to enrich art education in the public schools and are delighted with the similar collaborations in Corpus Christi. They appreciate Peterson's participation in the experience.
Date: August 9, 1993
Creator: Reynolds, Nancy & Wilson, Kay
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Cassandra Broadus to Sharon Warwick, August 27, 1990] (open access)

[Letter from Cassandra Broadus to Sharon Warwick, August 27, 1990]

Photocopy of a letter from Cassandra Broadus to Sharon Warwick, in regards to the material that Warwick is using in class to teach her students. Enclosed in the letter Broadus has given suggestions to enhance the material better and has included materials that Broadus believes Warwick will find interesting such as Art History Games and other materials to focus on the children's perceptions. Thematic units are enclosed with the letter.
Date: August 27, 1990
Creator: Broadus, Cassandra
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[RE: National Gallery of Art Film Library Extension Program, August 14, 1992] (open access)

[RE: National Gallery of Art Film Library Extension Program, August 14, 1992]

Photocopy of a letter from Nancy Reynolds, Project Coordinator of North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts, to the UNT Slide Library. Regarding that North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts has recently become an affiliate distributor of the National Gallery of Art, receiving a selection of resources from the National Gallery in Washington, D.C., including slide programs and videocassettes. The resources are located in NTIEVA's office for free loan to consortium members and the art faculty of UNT. Programs on the slides cover, artists, museums, architecture, painting and other extensive materials.
Date: August 14, 1992
Creator: Reynolds, Nancy
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Bill McCarter to Jan Schronk, August 24, 1990] (open access)

[Letter from Bill McCarter to Jan Schronk, August 24, 1990]

Photocopy of a letter from Bill McCarter, co-director of North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts, to Jan Schronk, Art Supervisor of Hurst-Euless-Bedford ISD. Hoping the presentation that Schronk attended, fulfilled basic expectations she had in terms of understanding DBAE better, and that the art specialists who participated in the workshop have a better understanding of NTIEVA's goals for the HEB district.
Date: August 24, 1990
Creator: McCarter, William
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Nancy Reynolds to Beverly Fletcher, August 12, 1992] (open access)

[Letter from Nancy Reynolds to Beverly Fletcher, August 12, 1992]

Photocopy of a letter from Nancy Reynolds, project coordinator of North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts, to Beverly Fletcher, Art Office of Fort Worth ISD. The letter is an enclosed summary of the evaluations from Fletcher's secondary institute. Reynolds writes that NTIEVA is excited about the positive results and are happy that they reflect the success of the Institute. Reynolds continues, wanting to let Fletcher know that the Ghost Ranch Spring Retreat idea has become reality, and that she'll send details in the upcoming newsletter. The retreat is for twenty adults for the nights of March 14 - 18 at Ghost Ranch Conference Center north of Aliquiu, New Mexico. Reynolds mentions that participants can go on to mini-seminars and excursions or just enjoy free time and relax. Attached to the letter is Fletcher's evaluation summary.
Date: August 12, 1992
Creator: Reynolds, Nancy
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Rick Stewart to Colleagues, August 24, 1995] (open access)

[Letter from Rick Stewart to Colleagues, August 24, 1995]

Photocopy of a letter from Rick Stewart, Acting Director and Chief Curator of the Amon Carter Museum, to his colleagues. In regards to the send-off party for Allison Perkins, Education Director of the Amon Carter. The event is to be held, September 11, 1995 at the Amon Carter Museum Library from 3:30 pm to 5:00 pm.
Date: August 24, 1995
Creator: Stewart, Rick
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from Robert H. Smith to Jack Davis, August 17, 1992] (open access)

[Letter from Robert H. Smith to Jack Davis, August 17, 1992]

Photocopy of a letter from Robert H. Smith, Senator, Mississippi State Senate, to Jack Davis, co-director of North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts. To thank Davis for his success in promoting music and art in the curriculum as an instructional tool. Smith writes that he was successful on August 10, 1992 in having the Southern Legislative Conference adopt the resolution stating the need for music and arts education in public school curriculum and the success of the movement will depend on securing financing. Smith ends the letter asking for Davis's assistance in that matter.
Date: August 17, 1992
Creator: Smith, Robert H.
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library