The problem of this study was to analyze the effect that a legislature-mandated quarter system was having on certain selected middle schools in the State of Texas, Some educators have claimed that the quarter system makes it possible to add flexibility to school programs. This study, therefore, was an attempt to find out if local school districts were taking advantage of this opportunity. A second goal of the study was to determine how principals, teachers, and curriculum directors felt about the manner in which schools were implementing certain teaching strategies which experts in this field have recommended for use in middle schools. It was concluded that the schools were not taking advantage of the quarter system in order to more nearly approach the middle school concept. Educators do not seem to be against the innovations proposed by middle school authorities so it would seem that the time is right for a full commitment to the area of schooling for the middle years. The support of the general public then will be a key factor in the success of the middle school. Educators must make an effort to keep the public better informed about the way children learn and grow if …

The problem of this study was to measure the effect upon the tone quality of singers resulting from identifying a specific goal, modeling with a cassette tape of the student's own voice, prescribing practice, and giving verbal approval. On the basis of the findings, these conclusions are drawn. (1) There is no significant difference in prescribing practice of an identified goal, utilizing a model or giving verbal approval. (2) Higher gain in pretest - posttest scores for the experimental groups while the control group showed the lowest gain suggests these teaching methods may be effective. (3) A high correlation of raters can be attained by the training method used in this study.

The problem with which this study is concerned is to examine whether relationships can be identified between a counselor's change in verbal and physiological responses when subjected to low-stress and high-stress producing counseling encounters. It was concluded that under high-stress as opposed to low-stress conditions 1) counselors' heart-rates increase and become more variable; 2) counselors' levels of verbal effectiveness are relatively uninfluenced; and 3) no consistent and predictable relationship can be identified between counselors' verbal and physiological functioning. Caution is strongly advised in generalizing to subjects separate from this study.

The problem of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the note-test method and the traditional lecture method of teaching general introductory microbiology. The study was prompted by the desire to improve teaching strategies in microbiology in order to improve the attitudes of students taking microbiology at the Indiana College of Mortuary Science. The conclusions are that the note-test method of teaching is at least as effective as the traditional lecture method but is not better than the traditional method in regard to student achievement or student attitudes about the microbiology course to which they were assigned. Since the method requires less lecturing than the traditional lecture method used in this study, it may be used effectively by some instructors in certain subject matter areas and may hold promise in maintaining achievement and acceptable attitude levels.

The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the EPIC model as a guide to group counseling. The purposes of this study are to determine (1) whether group counseling using the EPIC model would result in positive gain in counsele's locus of control, (2) whether there would be a differential effect of group counseling using the EPIC model as compared with a traditional group counseling model or a control group. This report concludes that the EPIC model as a guide to group counseling is an effective means of increasing reliance on inner support, emotional stability and objectivity. The EPIC model also produces changes in assessed congruence of the various factors in the actual vs. ideal aspect of inter-intrapersonal functioning. The EPIC model facilitated the growth of internal locus of control.

The purposes were (1) to examine the relationship of four motivational characteristics, as measured by the Merritt College Motivation Inventory (MCMI), to final introductory psychology grades in the two methods of instruction, and (2) to determine the usefulness of the MCMI as a tool for guiding students into open circuit television and on-campus traditional introductory psychology courses. The following research questions were formulated: (1) Can a prediction model using four motivational scales (Intrinsic, Self-Enhancement, Per son-Orientation, and Goal-Deficiency as measured by the MCMI) be developed which will adequately predict achievement in open-circuit television and on-campus traditional introductory psychology courses? (2) Can a prediction model using three of less of the four MCMI scales be developed which will adequately predict achievement in open-circuit television and on-campus traditional introductory psychology courses? (3) Of the four MCMI scales, which one or combination will be applicable in counseling students into open circuit television and on-campus traditional introductory psychology courses? All four hypotheses were confirmed. However, the four motivational characteristics as measured by the MCMI may not adequately predict achievement for the on-campus or telecourse students, The prediction efficiency of the Full and Restricted Models for both groups left significant proportions (81.41 per cent or …

This study is intended, first, to describe and analyze the channels of distribution for food products in the State of Kuwait, second, to pinpoint the problems that exist in the food-distribution system, and, third, to make specific recommendations for the alleviation of the problems. Consistent with the objectives of the study and based on the description and analysis of the food-distribution system in the country, it is concluded in the study that Kuwait depends on imports for virtually all of its food; the government plays a major role in the food-distribution system; and the majority of food wholesaling and retailing establishments are small, inefficient, and lack modern marketing and physical distribution techniques. Product shortages and rising food prices plague the food-distribution system in the country. Also, the findings indicate that consumers in Kuwait are generally ignorant and uninformed in the areas of food nutrition and food shopping, and the lack of standardization and grading of food products makes the shopping task of the consumer more difficult.

The literature on the effects of phytohormone on algae is clouded with contradictory reports. Reports have been published which substantiate and deny the effects of phytohormones in enhancing the growth and developmental processes in algae. The overall aim of this study was to investigate the response, if any, of the phytohormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid A3 (GA) and kinetin on the physiology of the green alga, Scenedesmus quadricauda. Results obtained for the uptake of 14^C-IAA an(j l4C-kinetin by Scenedesmus strongly support the presumption that the alga does not absorb the hormones. The retention of the phytohormones by the alga is due to adsorption, and is independent of hormone concentration. Most of the label was adsorbed by the outer pectic layers of the cell wall.

The main purpose of this study was to identify basic characteristics of managing higher education by objectives (HEBO). Six interrelated and interdependent research questions , which reflected other purposes of the study, were established. A sixty-two-statement questionnaire, from the review of MBO literature, was developed to use in the study. Statements were categorized into (1) philosophy of the educational enterprise, (2) identification of institutional goals, (3) specification of objectives, (4) definition of role responsibility, (5) the implementation process, (6) evaluation of organization, and HEBO limitations and requirements. Participants were requested to respond to each statement on a three point Likert scale consisting of "Agree," "Disagree," and "Modifications." Conelusions--(1) Experts and authors approved the characteristics of managing higher education by objectives (HEBO) as proposed in the study. (2) In order to be efficient and effective, an HEBO program should contain a mission statement, clear goals and objectives, well-defined role responsibilities, and also evaluation. (3) The HEBO implementation process requires more than a mere decision to institute such a program; it requires strong leadership, orientation programs , and MBO consultants. (4) Any HEBO model should have as its major purpose the securing of higher performance accountability. (5) In the policy- and decision-making …

The purpose of this study is twofold. First, the results of the study are used to isolate the impact of ESOP financing on actual firms as closely as possible. This is simply to point out many of the advantages and disadvantages of ESOP financing. Second, the results of the study are used to compare the relative costs of ESOP's with other deferred employee compensation. In general, the findings indicate that ESOP's have little to offer as a means of financing for publicly held corporations, However, they may have certain advantages when used as a part of a firm's total employee compensation package. The findings indicate that accounting rules for certain types of ESOP's tend to distort per share calculation in the early years of the plan. To correct this, ESOP shares should be considered outstanding only as they become unencumbered. The study found that a definite need exists for empirical data relating to ESOP's motivational effects. This is a key factor in determining how the ESOP will affect a firm's financial structure. Further study of this aspect would provide valuable information regarding the ESOP's effect on the firm's productivity.

Utilizing the debates of the German Reichstag, the proceedings of the SPD, the memoirs of the leading military and Marxist figures and the principal newspapers of the Second Reich and Weimar Republic, this dissertation attempts to show how the army chiefs and the socialist leaders of Germany altered their policies not only to promote their interests but also to protect the state.

The problem of this study is to investigate child rearing attitudes of stepparents and natural parents and differences in perceived parental behavior patterns within reconstituted and intact families.

This research was designed to study the transferability of American management skills to an underdeveloped country such as Pakistan. The contingency theory framework was used for the general design of the study.

The rational emotive psychology movement has contributed significantly to the development of training approaches to explore the behavioral characteristics and emotional dynamics of full and healthy living. In response, this study was initiated to assess the effects of rational behavior training (RBT) upon emotionally disturbed adolescents in an alternative special education program.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between performance of first-grade students on Piagetan conservation of number and substance tasks and performance on an arithmetic test of missing place-holders, a reading readiness test, and an intelligence test.

Taxpayers have traditionally assessed personal vulnerability to particular taxes through a study of past litigated cases. One of the premises of the study was that useful information concerning the enforcement of the accumulated earnings tax could be obtained through a statistical analysis of such cases.

The problem of this study is to determine the role of the administrative assistant in the public schools of Texas, as perceived by superintendents, and to compare the findings with recommendations which are found in the literature.

The problem of this study was the investigation of the desirability of teaching haptics in the basic speech classroom, the rhetorical means and strategies to be used, and the design used to describe these means.

The lecture recital was given June 20, 1977, Copland's treatment of the fantasy concept was discussed along with compositional techniques used in the Piano Fantasy. The Piano Fantasy was performed.

The present investigation sough to explore the psychological responses of rape victims. A review of pertinent literature suggested a primary reaction of women to rape was fear, but the absence of controlled research and standardized observations limited the generalizability of these findings. A triparate interpretation of fear -- with autonomic, self-report, and avoidance behavior components -- was proposed. In addition, the research attempted to document negative changes in self-concept and feelings of powerlessness resultant from the rape experience.

The primary objective of this study is to gain a greater understanding of how the level and type of research and development expenditures are influenced by accounting measurement, if at all.

The purposes of this study are to determine the scope and nature of music programs in rural public community colleges in the United States; to determine the unique characteristics of the rural public community college music program when compared to music programs of the total population of two-year colleges; to propose criteria to serve as a basis for a music program at rural public community colleges and to recommend a music program for rural public community colleges based upon the proposed criteria.

During 1946 and 1947, Russia pressured Iran to grant an oil concession in the northern provinces. During this time, the United States supported Iran's right to make its decision free from Soviet pressure.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether similarities exist in the perceptions of the roles of academic deans in community colleges. This study attempted to determine whether role expectations and perceptions reflected separate and distinct relationships, or if administrative patterns reflected an overlapping of responsibilities.