The purpose of this research is to analyze representations of Queen Elizabeth I of England in nineteenth-century Franco-Italian opera, and the relationship of these representations to contemporaneous singing style and the historical background. The basis for this analysis is three arias: "Quant'é grato all'alma mia" from Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra (1815) by Gioachino Rossini (1792-1868), "Sì, vuol di Francia il rege...Ah! quando all'ara scorgemi...Ah! dal ciel discenda un raggio" from Maria Stuarda (1835) by Gaetano Donizetti (1797-1848), and "Malgré l'éclat qui m'environne" from Le songe d'une nuit d'été (1850) by Ambroise Thomas (1811-1896). This research is divided into two main sections: the historical background of Italy and France in the nineteenth century, especially in the contemporaneous vocal style and fashions of literature; and a discussion of the composers' musical and dramatic choices for Queen Elizabeth I in the three selected arias. Chapter 2 is a brief introduction to the early nineteenth-century Franco-Italian historical background, vocal style, and popular literature. Chapter 3 presents an analysis of the three arias. The last chapter summarizes the representations of Elizabeth I in nineteenth-century politics, literature, and vocal style.

Letter from John E. Dahlquist, Major General, U. S. Army, to Lois M. Sinclair notifying Sinclair of the Oak Leaf Cluster award he received for heroic achievement in combat on June 12, 1944 in Italy during World War II.

The Renaissance Florentine Captain of the People began as a court, which defended the common people or popolo from the magnates and tried crimes such as assault, murder and fraud. This study reveals how factionalism, economic stress and the rise of citizen magistrate courts eroded the jurisdiction and ended the Court of the Captain. The creation of the Captain in 1250 occurred during the external fight for dominance between the Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope and the struggle between the Guelfs and Ghibellines within the city of Florence. The rise of the Ciompi in 1379, worried the Florentine aristocracy who believed the Ciompi was a threat to their power and they created the Otto di Guardia, a citizen magistrate court. This court began as a way to manage gaps in jurisdiction not covered by the Captain and his fellow rectors. However, by 1433 the Otto eroded the power of the Captain and his fellow rectors. Historians have argued that the Roman law jurists in this period became the tool for the aristocracy but in fact, the citizen magistrate courts acted as a source of power for the aristocracy. In the 1430s, the Albizzi and Medici fought for power. The …

This thesis explores the life and reign of Julian the Apostate the man who ruled over the Roman Empire from A.D. 361-363. The study of Julian the Apostate’s reign has historically been eclipsed due to his clash with Christianity. After the murder of his family in 337 by his Christian cousin Constantius, Julian was sent into exile. These emotional experiences would impact his view of the Christian religion for the remainder of his life. Julian did have conflict with the Christians but his main goal in the end was the revival of ancient paganism and the restoration of the Empire back to her glory. The purpose of this study is to trace the education and experiences that Julian had undergone and the effects they it had on his reign. Julian was able to have both a Christian and pagan education that would have a lifelong influence on his reign. Julian’s career was a short but significant one. Julian restored the cities of the empire and made beneficial reforms to the legal, educational, political and religious institutions throughout the Empire. The pagan historians praised him for his public services to the empire while the Christians have focused on his apostasy and …

This report provides an overview of the causes, challenges, political dynamics, and other aspects of the Eurozone's economic crisis and discusses the related issues that Congress may address, such as: how this situation will impact the U.S. economy, IMF (International Monetary Fund) involvement, and how the US and Europe will cooperate to solve these issues. The report also contains supplemental figures and charts.

Scan of the flight diary kept by Donald Fleming, a B-24 navigator in WWII from Kansas, documenting the missions he flew in the European Theater from February to August, 1944.

This report discusses the background of the G-20 (an international forum for discussing and coordinating economic policies) and some of the issues that it has addressed. It includes historic background on the work of the G-20, information about how the group operates, overviews of G-20 summits, major issues that the group is likely to address and the likely effectiveness of the G-20 in the near future. The members of the G-20 include Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union.

Girolamo Savonarola lived at the apex of the Renaissance, but most of his biographers regard him as an anachronism or a precursor of the Reformation. Savonarola, however, was influenced by the entire milieu of Renaissance Florence, including its humanism. Savonarola's major work, Triumph of the Cross, is a synthesis of humanism, neo-Thomism and mysticism. His political reforms were routed in both the millennialist dreams of Florence and the goals of civic humanism. Hoping to translate the abstract humanist life of virtue into the concrete, he ultimately failed, not because the Renaissance was rejecting the Middle Ages, but because the former was reacting against itself. Florence, for all its claims of being the center of the Renaissance, was not willing to make humanist reform a reality.

Itemized list of charges from a stay at the Gd. Hotel Et Des Iles Borromées in Stresa during August 18th through 19th, including the balances due along with their explanation. Stamped " Paid on August 19, 1956 ."

Letter from A. H. Blackshear, Jr. to D. W. Kempner regarding the crop situation in Arkansas; the Army worms attacking their soy bean crops; and letting him know that they have begun a little bit of ginning and will be in full swing soon if it does not rain. He also lets him know that "the Bertig Company proper" should soon break even.

Letter from A. H. Blackshear, Jr. to D. W. Kempner discussing his trip to Arkansas. He talks about the cotton yield, the Army worms affecting their soybean crops, and their ginning plans. He also lets Kempner know that the Bertig Company is expected to break even.

Letter from A. H. Blackshear to Daniel W. Kempner asking how he wants to handle payment for his washwoman and discussing cotton production from their Grimes County property.

Letter from A. H. Blackshear to Daniel W. Kempner asking how he wants to handle payment for his washwoman and discussing cotton production from their Grimes County property.

A love letter from Carolyn R. Itri to her future husband, Nicholas C. Soviero. The letter opens with Carolyn thanking Nicolas for a mystery textile that he sent home to her as a gift and how she wishes she could have seen the places that he is sending her the gifts from with him. She goes on to tell him about visiting friends and how it reminded her of when she saw him last. Written August 9th and Posted August 11th.

Letter from Daniel W. Kempner to Harris Leon Kempner providing a summary of meetings with cotton companies in Italy.

Letter from Greta Wales to I. H. Kempner discussing the conflict between Dr. Dobrzynski and Wales' mother.

Letter from Harris L. Kempner to Domenico Rossi thanking him for the wedding gift send to his son, Shrub.

Letter from Harris L. Kempner to the Hassler Hotel requesting a room reservation for October.

Letter from Harris Leon Kempner to D. W. Kempner discussing business affairs related to cotton trading. He also reports a lack of communication from a trade partner, sales to Japan, purchase of cotton bales from the Commodity Credit Corporation, and trading activities in the Waco region and Sugar Land lots.

Letter from Harris Leon Kempner to Shrub regarding his lack of replying to mails which made him worry about Shrub and also his address. Harris included letter that he wrote regarding the typewriter in this mail. He also gives an update on Marion's health. And, he explained the situation of their businesses.

Letter from I. H. Kempner to D. W. Kempner discussing their cotton business, including the silence they have received from their partners in Italy, their continued sales to Japan, and the bales they have bought from the Commodity Credit Corporation.

Letter from John Todd Willis, Jr. to his parents Clara and John T. Willis, Sr. on August 1, 1944. He advises his parents that air mail is faster than V mail, and tells them who his tent mates are.

Letter from John Todd Willis, Jr. to his parents Clara and John T. Willis, Sr. on August 2, 1944. He sends some pictures they wanted back, and says he and Harmon Gilbreath may go to the Red Cross and then go swimming in the evening when they have their half day off. He bought a bathing suit a few months ago from the army, but it hasn't arrived yet.

Letter from John Todd Willis, Jr. to his parents Clara and John T. Willis, Sr. on August 4, 1944. He hopes to see Robert Evans, Jr. when he gets to Italy, and asks his parents to tell Wilbur Crawford to write to him, or give Willis his address. He also asks for a box of short bread.