Radionuclide emission points for 300 Area and Battelle Private facilities are presented herein. The sampling systems and associated emission specifics are detailed.

Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) are huge fluxes of gamma rays that appear randomly in the sky about once a day. It is now commonly accepted that GRBs are caused by a stellar object shooting off a powerful plasma jet along its rotation axis. After the initial outburst of gamma rays, a lower intensity radiation remains, called the afterglow. Using the data from a hydrodynamical numerical simulation that models the dynamics of the jet, we calculated the expected light curve of the afterglow radiation that would be observed on earth. We calculated the light curve and spectrum and compared them to the light curves and spectra predicted by two analytical models of the expansion of the jet (which are based on the Blandford and McKee solution of a relativistic isotropic expansion; see Sari's model [1] and Granot's model [2]). We found that the light curve did not decay as fast as predicted by Sari; the predictions by Granot were largely corroborated. Some results, however, did not match Granot's predictions, and more research is needed to explain these discrepancies.

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

The Richmond mine in Iron Mountain, California, provides an unusual ecosystem suitable for the growth of microbial biofilms which produce many unique proteins. Through iron oxidation, these proteins facilitate acid mine drainage (AMD). Because this habitat is extremely acidic, survival is an extraordinary feat and the process of environmental selection is rare. In order to understand the mechanisms by which these organisms oxidize iron and gain electrons for energy, biochemical studies were applied. More specifically, column chromatography, spectrophotometry, and gel electrophoresis were used to determine the proteins present in different biofilms. Two specific locations of the mine researched were the AB drift and Ultraback C (UBC), which were both found to contain at least five different types of protein and a large amount of heme-bound cytochromes. Another application of these methods was to investigate proteins playing a major role within the community; one protein selected was cytochrome 579 (Cyt{sub 579}) due to its abundance in the biofilm, iron oxidizing potential, and signature absorbance of 579nm. The structure and function of Cyt{sub 579} could be characterized by the isolation of its heme, which was completed using column chromatography; however, one of the challenges has been liberating the heme from the column. …

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

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Complementary experiments and simulations are conducted to characterize the microstructure and mechanisms involved in recompression of spalled ductile metals. Soft capture experiments performed on copper targets in a gas gun include a dense secondary plate spaced behind the customary flyer to recompress the voids in the wake of the spall induced by the flyer. Control experiments are run without the secondary plate to obtain spall damage without recompression. The simulations feature explicit representation of void nucleating particles in a narrow strip of material spanning the flyer package and target. Analysis of the spall closure in the simulations reveals the void collapse mechanisms and the origin of features observed experimentally. The experiments and simulations show little trace of the prior voids, and a thin ribbon of highly strained material is the only readily observable remnant of the spall surface.

A chef places a yellow tomato on top of an organic salad made of micro vegetables. Thanks to a new combined organic and artisan technique with technology, Mexican grower Salvador Huiza waters, sows, and cuts thousands of micro vegetables in a matter of hours in the greenhouse where he works north of Fort Worth, Texas. The harvest of these miniature vegetables, obtained through a procedure where water and earth are used without pesticides, is drawing the attention of restaurants and markets in the area. "The difference is specifically in the flavor; it is much more concentrated than conventional vegetables,” Huiza points out. For a few months he is in charge of the growth of more than 20 varieties of miniature vegetables in the greenhouse Greens Genes.

This report describes Chloride Removal From Simulated 3013 Solids.

The amount, spatial distribution, and velocity of water percolating through the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, are important issues for assessing the performance of the proposed deep geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. To help characterize the nature and history of UZ flow, isotopic studies were initiated in 1995, using rock samples collected from the Miocene ash-flow tuffs in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF), an 8-km-long tunnel constructed along the north-south extent of the repository block, and the Enhanced Characterization of the Repository Block (ECRB) Cross Drift, a 2.5-km-long tunnel constructed across the repository block (Figure 1-1, Sources: Modified from DOE 2002 [Figure 1-14] and USBR 1996). Scientists from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) analyzed for chlorine-36 ({sup 36}Cl) in salts leached from whole-rock samples collected from tunnel walls and subsurface boreholes, and scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) analyzed for isotopes of oxygen, carbon, uranium, lead, thorium, and strontium in secondary minerals collected from subsurface fractures and lithophysal cavities. Elevated values for ratios of {sup 36}Cl to total chloride ({sup 36}Cl/CL) at the level of the proposed repository indicated that small amounts of water carrying bomb-pulse {sup 36}Cl (i.e., {sup 36}Cl/Cl ratios …

This report describes the statutory background of the Title V program and the status of implementation, in terms of federal approval of state and local permitting authorities and permit issuance. It also discusses broad policy issues identified by various stakeholders, including program complexity and costs, and inconsistencies due to a lack of sufficient federal guidance.

Close-up of fingers and micro vegetables in soil. Thanks to a new combined organic and artisan technique with technology, Mexican grower Salvador Huiza waters, sows, and cuts thousands of micro vegetables in a matter of hours in the greenhouse where he works north of Fort Worth, Texas. The harvest of these miniature vegetables, obtained through a procedure where water and earth are used without pesticides, is drawing the attention of restaurants and markets in the area. "The difference is specifically in the flavor; it is much more concentrated than conventional vegetables,” Huiza points out. For a few months he is in charge of the growth of more than 20 varieties of miniature vegetables in the greenhouse Greens Genes.

Close-up of fingers and micro vegetables in soil. Thanks to a new combined organic and artisan technique with technology, Mexican grower Salvador Huiza waters, sows, and cuts thousands of micro vegetables in a matter of hours in the greenhouse where he works north of Fort Worth, Texas. The harvest of these miniature vegetables, obtained through a procedure where water and earth are used without pesticides, is drawing the attention of restaurants and markets in the area. "The difference is specifically in the flavor; it is much more concentrated than conventional vegetables,” Huiza points out. For a few months he is in charge of the growth of more than 20 varieties of miniature vegetables in the greenhouse Greens Genes.

Close-up of green, micro vegetables in soil. Thanks to a new combined organic and artisan technique with technology, Mexican grower Salvador Huiza waters, sows, and cuts thousands of micro vegetables in a matter of hours in the greenhouse where he works north of Fort Worth, Texas. The harvest of these miniature vegetables, obtained through a procedure where water and earth are used without pesticides, is drawing the attention of restaurants and markets in the area. "The difference is specifically in the flavor; it is much more concentrated than conventional vegetables,” Huiza points out. For a few months he is in charge of the growth of more than 20 varieties of miniature vegetables in the greenhouse Greens Genes.

A core-particle model is derived to analyze transverse orbits of test particles evolving in the presence of a core ion beam that has uniform density within an elliptical cross-section. The model can be applied to both quadrupole and solenoidal focused beams in periodic or aperiodic lattices. Efficient analytical descriptions of electrostatic space-charge fields external to the beam core are derived to simplify model equations. Image charge effects are analyzed for an elliptical beam centered in a round, conducting pipe to estimate model corrections resulting from image charge nonlinearities. Transformations are employed to remove coherent flutter motion associated with oscillations of the ion beam core due to rapidly varying, linear applied focusing forces. Diagnostics for particle trajectories, Poincare phase-space projections, and single-particle emittances based on these transformations better illustrate the effects of nonlinear forces acting on particles evolving outside the core. A numerical code has been written based on this model. Example applications illustrate model characteristics. The core-particle model described has recently been applied to identify physical processes leading to space-charge transport limits for an rms matched beam in a periodic quadrupole focusing channel. Further characteristics of these processes are presented here.

As part of the DART project we have used the ESO/2.2m Wide Field Imager in conjunction with the VLT/FLAMES* GIRAFFE spectrograph to study the detailed properties of the resolved stellar population of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy out to and beyond its tidal radius. Fornax dSph has had a complicated evolution and contains significant numbers of young, intermediate age and old stars. We investigate the relation between these different components by studying their photometric, kinematic and abundance distributions. We re-derived the structural parameters of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal using our wide field imaging covering the galaxy out to its tidal radius, and analyzed the spatial distribution of the Fornax stars of different ages as selected from Colour-Magnitude Diagram analysis. We have obtained accurate velocities and metallicities from spectra in the Ca II triplet wavelength region for 562 Red Giant Branch stars which have velocities consistent with membership in Fornax dwarf spheroidal. We have found evidence for the presence of at least three distinct stellar components: a young population (few 100 Myr old) concentrated in the center of the galaxy, visible as a Main Sequence in the Colour-Magnitude Diagram; an intermediate age population (2-8 Gyr old); and an ancient population (> …

A man with a tatooed arm drops small seeds into containers of soil. Thanks to a new combined organic and artisan technique with technology, Mexican grower Salvador Huiza waters, sows, and cuts thousands of micro vegetables in a matter of hours in the greenhouse where he works north of Fort Worth, Texas. The harvest of these miniature vegetables, obtained through a procedure where water and earth are used without pesticides, is drawing the attention of restaurants and markets in the area. "The difference is specifically in the flavor; it is much more concentrated than conventional vegetables,” Huiza points out. For a few months he is in charge of the growth of more than 20 varieties of miniature vegetables in the greenhouse Greens Genes.

We present the first comprehensive investigation on water-soluble nanoparticles embedded into a paramagnetic shell and their properties as an MRI contrast agent. The nanoprobes are constructed with an inorganic core embedded into an ultra-thin silica shell covalently linked to chelated Gd{sup 3+} paramagnetic ions that act as an MRI contrast agent. The chelator contains the molecule DOTA and the inorganic core contains a fluorescent CdSe/ZnS qdots in Au nanoparticles. Optical properties of the cores (fluorescence emission or plasmon position) are not affected by the neither the silica shell nor the presence of the chelated paramagnetic ions. The resulting complex is a MRI/fluorescence probe with a diameter of 8 to 15 nm. This probe is highly soluble in high ionic strength buffers at pH ranging from {approx}4 to 11. In MRI experiments at clinical field strengths of 60 MHz, the QDs probes posses spin-lattice (T{sub 1}) and a spin-spin (T{sub 2}) relaxivities of 1018.6 +/- 19.4 mM{sup -1} s{sup -1} and 2438.1 +/- 46.3 mM{sup -1} s{sup -1} respectively for probes having {approx}8 nm. This increase in relaxivity has been correlated to the number of paramagnetic ions covalently linked to the silica shell, ranging from approximately 45 to over 320. We …

Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada, has been recommended as a deep geological repository for the disposal of spent fuel and high-level radioactive waste. If YM is licensed as a repository by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, it will be important to identify the potential for radionuclides to migrate from underground nuclear testing areas located on the Nevada Test Site (NTS) to the hydraulically downgradient repository area to ensure that monitoring does not incorrectly attribute repository failure to radionuclides originating from other sources. In this study, we use the Death Valley Regional Flow System (DVRFS) model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey to investigate potential groundwater migration pathways and associated travel times from the NTS to the proposed YM repository area. Using results from the calibrated DVRFS model and the particle tracking post-processing package MODPATH, we modeled three-dimensional groundwater advective pathways in the NTS and YM region. Our study focuses on evaluating the potential for groundwater pathways between the NTS and YM withdrawal area and whether travel times for advective flow along these pathways coincide with the prospective monitoring timeframe at the proposed repository. We include uncertainty in effective porosity, as this is a critical variable in the determination of time for radionuclides …

Photograph of Salvador Huiza, wearing a baseball cap, tending to containers full of green, micro vegetables.

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

The overall objective of the Chattanooga fuel cell demonstrations project was to develop and demonstrate a prototype 5-kW grid-parallel, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system that co-produces hydrogen, based on Ion America’s technology. The commercial viability of the 5kW SOFC system was tested by transporting, installing and commissioning the SOFC system at the Alternative Energy Laboratory at the University of Tennessee – Chattanooga. The system also demonstrated the efficiency and the reliability of the system running on natural gas. This project successfully contributed to the achievement of DOE technology validation milestones from the Technology Validation section of the Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technologies Program Multi-Year Research, Development and Demonstration Plan. Results of the project can be found in the final technical report.

Close-up photograph of a finger and micro vegetables in soil.

Close-up photograph of fingers and micro vegetables in soil.