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The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species: Its Past and Future
This report discusses the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). It is divided into six sections: Introduction, Background, CITES and the Endangered Species Act, Implementation, Upcoming Events, and Appendices.
Date:
August 24, 1994
Creator:
Corn, M. Lynne
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Prescription Drugs: Importation for Personal Use
None
Date:
August 24, 2001
Creator:
Vogt, Donna U. & Randall, Blanchard, IV
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japanese Participation in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
Japan is positioned to deploy its troops overseas for the first time since World War II. Under a controversial peacekeeping operations (PKO) bill passed by the Japanese Diet (parliament) on June 15, 1992, Japan is allowed to dispatch Self-Defense Forces (SDF) soldiers abroad for noncombat service with United Nations peacekeeping forces (PKF). [1] The politically sensitive PKO legislation comes two years after Japan was stung by international criticism for its failure to send troops to the Persian Gulf, even just for noncombat support. The day after the passage of the bill, Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa pledged an early dispatch of SDF personnel to Cambodia.
Date:
August 24, 1992
Creator:
Shinn, Rinn-Sup
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Southeast Asian Security: Issues for the U.S.
Policymakers on both sides of the Pacific turned their attention to Southeast Asian security issues in late July 1995. The occasion was the Annual Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)[1] ministers' meeting; followed by the annual post-ministerial "dialogue" among the ASEAN and other Asian- Pacific ministers (including the U.S. Secretary of State); followed in turn by the second annual ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), a nascent security framework for the area including participation by the U.S., China, Japan, and Russia.
Date:
August 24, 1995
Creator:
Sutter, Robert G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Tax Policy
President Bush has issued a comprehensive energy policy initiative, which includes limited energy tax measures; the Administration has criticized such measures as being inconsistent with its free market philosophy. Several of the issues that drove energy policy and energy tax policy during the 106th Congress are extant: 1) tax incentives to increase the supply of oil and gas; 2) energy tax issues relating to energy conservation and energy efficiency; 3) energy tax issues relating to alternative fuels; 4) energy taxes/subsidies and residential energy costs; and 5) issues relating to electricity restructuring. In addition, there are certain energy tax provisions that are either expiring or are time-sensitive that the 107th Congress may choose to take action on.
Date:
August 24, 2001
Creator:
Lazzari, Salvatore
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Research and Development in Russia: An Important Factor for the Future
None
Date:
August 24, 1998
Creator:
Boesman, William C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Aviation Security-Related Findings and Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission
The 9/11 Commission issued several recommendations designed to strengthen aviation security by: enhancing passenger pre-screening; improving measures to detect explosives on passengers; addressing human factors issues at screening checkpoints; expediting deployment of in-line baggage screening systems; intensifying efforts to identify, track, and screen potentially dangerous cargo; and deploying hardened cargo containers on passenger aircraft. In addition to these specific recommendations, an overarching recommendation for transportation security policy asserts that priorities should be set based on risk, and the most practical and cost effective deterrents should be implemented assigning appropriate roles and missions to federal, state, and local authorities, as well as private stakeholders.
Date:
August 24, 2004
Creator:
Elias, Bartholomew
System:
The UNT Digital Library
HIV/AIDS International Programs: Appropriations, FY2003-FY2006
This report discusses the funding the of international programs to fight HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.
Date:
August 24, 2005
Creator:
Copson, Raymond W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FY2006 Appropriations for Border and Transportation Security
This report covers appropriations for maintaining and improving the security of the United States against terrorist threats. Major issues addressed include the number of available detention beds and investigators at ICE; the number of Border Patrol agents in CBP; the appropriate level of funding for the Deepwater program within the Coast Guard; and non-aviation security spending within TSA.
Date:
August 24, 2005
Creator:
Lake, Jennifer E. & Nuñez-Neto, Blas
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Grazing Regulations: Changes by the Bureau of Land Management
This report discusses the two-pronged approach to grazing reform the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is taking by proposing changes to grazing regulations and considering other changes to grazing policies. BLM asserts that regulatory changes are needed to increase flexibility for grazing managers and permittees, to improve rangeland management and grazing permit administration, to promote conservation, and to comply with court decisions.
Date:
August 24, 2005
Creator:
Vincent, Carol Hardy
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Upper Mississippi River System: Proposals to Restore an Inland Waterway's Ecosystem
None
Date:
August 24, 2005
Creator:
Powers, Kyna & Carter, Nicole T.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Western Water Resource Issues
For more than a century, the federal government has constructed water resource projects for a variety of purposes, including flood control, navigation, power generation, and irrigation. While most municipal and industrial water supplies have been built by non-federal entities, most of the large, federal water supply projects in the West, including Hoover and Grand Coulee dams, were constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation (Department of the Interior) to provide water for irrigation.
Date:
August 24, 2005
Creator:
Cody, Betsy A. & Sheikh, Pervaze A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties
This report presents casualty data compiled by the Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agency’s press releases.
Date:
August 24, 2006
Creator:
O'Bryant, JoAnne
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Russian Military Reform and Defense Policy
This report looks at the Russia's revamping of the armed forces that it inherited from the Soviet Union. It discusses the revamping process as well as the new armed forces' relationship with the U.S.
Date:
August 24, 2011
Creator:
Nichol, Jim
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cuba: U.S. Restrictions on Travel and Remittances
This report discusses details of policy changes regarding travel to Cuba, which have been a key and often contentious component in U.S. efforts to isolate Cuba's communist government since the early 1960s. In January 2011, the Obama Administration announced policy changes further easing restrictions on travel and remittances. In the first session of the 112th Congress, there were several attempts aimed at rolling back the Obama Administration's actions easing restrictions on travel and remittances. Several initiatives were also introduced that would further ease or lift such restrictions altogether.
Date:
August 24, 2011
Creator:
Sullivan, Mark P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan's Possible Entry Into the Trans-Pacific Partnership and Its Implications
This report discusses the effects of the possible entry of Japan to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) negotiations. The TPP issue presents both risks and opportunities for the United States and Japan. On the one hand, it could reinvigorate an economic relationship that has remained steady but stagnant, by forcing the two countries to address long-standing, difficult issues, and allowing them to raise their relationship to a higher level. On the other hand, failure to do so could indicate that the underlying problems are too fundamental to overcome and could set back the relationship.
Date:
August 24, 2012
Creator:
Cooper, William H. & Manyin, Mark E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Shale Gas and Hydraulic Fracturing: CRS Experts
This report contains tables that provide names and contact information for CRS experts on major issues associated with hydraulic fracturing and unconventional oil and gas resource development.
Date:
August 24, 2012
Creator:
Tiemann, Mary & Ratner, Michael
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 2004-2011
This report provides Congress with official, unclassified, background data from U.S. government sources on transfers of conventional arms to developing nations by major suppliers for the period 2004 through 2011. All agreement and delivery data in this report for the United States are government-to-government Foreign Military Sales (FMS) transactions. Similar data are provided on worldwide conventional arms transfers by all suppliers, but the principal focus is the level of arms transfers by major weapons suppliers to nations in the developing world.
Date:
August 24, 2012
Creator:
Grimmett, Richard F. & Kerr, Paul K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chinese Tire Imports: Section 421 Safeguards and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
This report discusses World Trade Organization (WTO) safeguards provisions contained in Article XIX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the Agreement on Safeguards; the WTO China-specific safeguard and how it differs from preexisting WTO provisions; authorities and procedures set out in Section 421 of the Trade Act of 1974; the International Trade Commission (ITC) determination and the President's decision to provide relief in the 2009 China tires case; and China's WTO case against the U.S. tire safeguard.
Date:
August 24, 2012
Creator:
Grimmett, Jeanne J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Budget Control Act of 2011: Budgetary Effects of Proposals to Replace the FY2013 Sequester
Report that provides information on the levels of deficit reduction if the Budget Control Act's (BCA) automatic cuts are implemented as under current law and contrasts that with the alternative proposals offered by some Members of Congress and President Obama. It also discusses specific determinations made by the Office of Management and Budget regarding the exempt/non-exempt status of certain programs, as well as a discussion of information to be disclosed regarding the FY2013 BCA sequester impact.
Date:
August 24, 2012
Creator:
Levit, Mindy R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Contract Types: An Overview of the Legal Requirements and Issues
This report provides an overview of the various contract types (e.g., fixed-price, cost-reimbursement) used in federal procurement and the legal requirements and issues pertaining to each. Current congressional and public interest in contract types is, in part, an outgrowth of the reported increase in the use of cost-reimbursement contracts during the George W. Bush Administration and the Obama Administration's proposal to reduce by at least 10% the funds obligated by "high risk-contracting authorities," such as cost-reimbursement, time-and-materials, and labor-hour contracts, in FY2010.
Date:
August 24, 2010
Creator:
Manuel, Kate M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mine-Resistant, Ambush-Protected (MRAP) Vehicles: Background and Issues for Congress
This report discusses the background and present status of Congress' involvement in the MRAP program. Topics include the deployment of MRAPs, their efficacy at reducing casualties, and possible issues of unused vehicles and redundancy.
Date:
August 24, 2010
Creator:
Feickert, Andrew
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: Politics, Elections, and Benchmarks
This report provides an overview of Iraq's political transition from the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein to a plural polity that encompasses varying sects and ideological and political factions. This report also addresses ongoing governmental instabilities and their causes, as well as U.S. concerns about possible Iranian influence in Iraq as U.S. forces depart the country.
Date:
August 24, 2010
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Southwest Border Violence: Issues in Identifying and Measuring Spillover Violence
This report focuses on how policy makers would identify any spillover of drug trafficking-related violence into the United States. This report provides an overview of Mexican drug trafficking organization structures, how they conduct business, and the relationship between the drug trafficking organizations in Mexico and their partnerships operating here in the United States; a discussion of the illicit drug trade between Mexico and the United States, as well as a discussion of factors implicated in drug trafficking-related violence; an analysis of the possible nature of any spillover violence that may arise, as well as issues involved in accurately identifying and measuring such violence; and an evaluation of available crime rate data and a discussion of how this data may or may not reflect changes in drug trafficking-related crime.
Date:
August 24, 2010
Creator:
Finklea, Kristin M.; Lake, Jennifer E.; Franco, Celinda; Haddal, Chad C.; Krouse, William J. & Randol, Mark A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library