Campaign Finance Reform: A Legal Analysis of Issue and Express Advocacy (open access)

Campaign Finance Reform: A Legal Analysis of Issue and Express Advocacy

Issue advocacy communications have become increasingly popular in recent federal election cycles. These advertisements are often interpreted to favor or disfavor certain candidates, while also serving to inform the public about a policy issue. However, unlike communications that expressly advocate the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate, the Supreme Court has determined that issue ads are constitutionally protected First Amendment speech that cannot be regulated in any manner. According to most lower court rulings, only speech containing express words of advocacy of election or defeat, also known as "express advocacy" or "magic words" can be regulated as election-related communications and therefore be subject to the requirements of the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA). Upcoming legislation would further investigate and elaborate upon this issue.
Date: July 10, 2001
Creator: Whitaker, L. Paige
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House Leadership Structure: Overview of Party Organization (open access)

House Leadership Structure: Overview of Party Organization

At the beginning of each Congress, Members meet to organize and select their leaders. Democrats call their party organization the Democratic Caucus; Republicans call their party organization the Republican Conference. Within the caucus and conference are numerous entities that assist party leaders in determining the work and role of the Members of that party. This report serves as a companion piece to CRS Report RS20499, House Leadership: Whip Organization, and CRS Report RS20881, Party Leaders in the House.
Date: July 10, 2003
Creator: Schneider, Judy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tajikstan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests (open access)

Tajikstan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests

This report outlines challenges faced by Tajikistan since its five-year civil war ended in 1997. It discusses U.S. policy and assistance. Basic facts and biographical information are provided. This report may be updated. Related products include CRS Report RL33458, Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests, updated regularly.
Date: July 10, 2008
Creator: Nichol, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Register, Volume 34, Number 28, Pages 4589-4692, July 10, 2009 (open access)

Texas Register, Volume 34, Number 28, Pages 4589-4692, July 10, 2009

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.
Date: July 10, 2009
Creator: Texas. Secretary of State.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Coalition Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Dana Donahue, President of the Perryton Ochiltree Chamber of Commerce (open access)

Coalition Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Dana Donahue, President of the Perryton Ochiltree Chamber of Commerce

Coalition Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Dana Donahue, President of the Perryton Ochiltree Chamber of Commerce stating factors in support of keeping Cannon Air Force Base in Clovis, New Mexico open.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk Naval Shipyard Portsmouth (open access)

Base Visit Report Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk Naval Shipyard Portsmouth

Base Visit Trip - Base Visit Report for Naval station Norfolk, and Norfolk Naval Shipyard Portsmouth conducted by Chairman Principi, Hal Tickle, Jim Durso, and Lesia Mandzia on 23 May 2005.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Naval Submarine Base New London (open access)

Base Visit Report - Naval Submarine Base New London

Base Visit Trip - Base visit report for Naval Submarine Base New London conducted by Commissioner James Bilbray, Philip Coyle and Lloyd Newton, along with commission staff members Jim Hanna, Hal Tickle, and Michael Kessler on 31 May 2005.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay (open access)

Base Visit Report - Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay

Base Visit Trip - Trip report for Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay visit conducted by Hal Tickle on 17 June 2005.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Naval Air Station Jacksonville (open access)

Base Visit Report - Naval Air Station Jacksonville

Base Visit Trip - Trip report for naval Air Station Jacksonville, conducted 16 June 2005 by Hal Tickle.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Book Grand Forks Air force Base, ND (open access)

Base Visit Book Grand Forks Air force Base, ND

Base Visit Book - Base visit for Grand Forks AFB, North Dakota, conducted by commissioners James H. Bilbray, Philip Coyle, and Samuel K. Skinner June 22, 2005.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Naval Air Station Brunswick (open access)

Base Visit Report - Naval Air Station Brunswick

Base Visit Report - Report for visit to Navy/MC - Naval Air Station Brunswick, Maine conducted by Chairman Principi, commissioner James Bilbray, Philip Coyle and Lloyd Newton.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Naval Station, Newport, Rhode Island (open access)

Base Visit Report - Naval Station, Newport, Rhode Island

Base Visit Trip - Report for base visit to Naval Station Newport, Rhode Island, on June 27-28, 2005, conducted by David Epstein.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Indiana (open access)

Base Visit Report - Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Indiana

Base Visit Trip - Trip Report for Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane, Indiana, conducted by Commissioner K. Skinner, and commission Staff David Epstein.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Navy Supply Corps school (NSCS) (open access)

Base Visit Report - Navy Supply Corps school (NSCS)

Base Visit Trip - Visit Report for Navy Supply Corps School (NSCS) conducted by Commissioner Harold W. Gehman Jr, and commission staff member David Epstein.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (open access)

Base Visit Report - Portsmouth Naval Shipyard

Base Visit Trip - Report for base visit for Portsmouth Naval Shipyard conducted by Chairman Principi, Commissioner James H. Bilbray, Commissioner Philip Coyle and commissioner Lloyd W. Newton.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Base Visit Report - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility Detachment Boston MA (open access)

Base Visit Report - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility Detachment Boston MA

Base Visit Trip - Visit report for Puget Sound naval shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility Detachment Boston Massachusetts.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: United States. Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Letters dated 7/7/2005 from Congressmen Darrell Issa of the 49th District, California to all Commissioners (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Letters dated 7/7/2005 from Congressmen Darrell Issa of the 49th District, California to all Commissioners

Executive Correspondence – Letters dated 7/7/2005 from Congressmen Darrell Issa of the 49th District, California to all Commissioners strongly objecting to the approval of the recommendation to realign the Fallbrook, CA, detachment of Naval Surface Warfare Center Division Crane, IN, known as Marine Corps Programs Department or "MCPD" to Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Letters dated 7/7/2005 from Congressmen Darrell Issa of the 49th District, California to Mr. Lester Fairington and Mr. David Epstein (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Letters dated 7/7/2005 from Congressmen Darrell Issa of the 49th District, California to Mr. Lester Fairington and Mr. David Epstein

Executive Correspondence – Letters dated 7/7/2005 from Congressmen Darrell Issa of the 49th District, California to Mr. Lester Fairington and Mr. David Epstein strongly objecting to the approval of the recommendation to realign the Fallbrook, CA, detachment of Naval Surface Warfare Center Division Crane, IN, known as Marine Corps Programs Department or "MCPD" to Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Letter to the Chairman dated 7/1/2005 from Audra Strickland Assemblywoman, 37th District (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Letter to the Chairman dated 7/1/2005 from Audra Strickland Assemblywoman, 37th District

Executive Correspondence – Letter to the Chairman dated 7/1/2005 from Audra Strickland Assemblywoman, 37th District, California stating reasons the commission should reject the Department of Defense's recommendations to move weapons, range, and electronic warfare functions from Naval Base Ventura County (NBVC) to China Lake.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 7/5/2005 to the Chairman from John Moore Lieutenant Governor of Kansas (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 7/5/2005 to the Chairman from John Moore Lieutenant Governor of Kansas

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 7/5/2005 to the Chairman from John Moore Lieutenant Governor of Kansas thanking the Chairman for meeting with John Armbrust, Don Fix, John Simmons and John Moore expressing strong support for the Department of Defense's Base Closure and Realignment recommendations for the Kansas Air National Guard’s 184th and 190th Air Refueling Wings.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Judge Kenneth Donahue (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Judge Kenneth Donahue

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Judge Kenneth Donahue of the County of Ochiltree, Texas listing factors that support keeping Cannon Air Force Base in Clovis, New Mexico open.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – to the BRAC Commission from Gary Woods, Jacksonville Refueling Overhaul Project Engineering & Planning Manager Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (open access)

Executive Correspondence – to the BRAC Commission from Gary Woods, Jacksonville Refueling Overhaul Project Engineering & Planning Manager Portsmouth Naval Shipyard

Executive Correspondence – to the BRAC Commission from Gary Woods, Jacksonville Refueling Overhaul Project Engineering & Planning Manager Portsmouth Naval Shipyard expressing his support to keep Portsmouth Naval Shipyard open, based on the performance of the base.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 7/7/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Trevlyn Pitner, Chief of Police of the Police Department of Pampa TX (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 7/7/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Trevlyn Pitner, Chief of Police of the Police Department of Pampa TX

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 7/7/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Trevlyn Pitner, Chief of Police of the Police Department of Pampa TX stating factors in support of keeping Cannon Air Force Base in Clovis, New Mexico open.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Terri Stavenhagen Commissioner of the City of Amarillo TX (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Terri Stavenhagen Commissioner of the City of Amarillo TX

Executive Correspondence – Letter dated 6/1/2005 to the BRAC Commission from Terri Stavenhagen Commissioner of the City of Amarillo TX stating factors in support of keeping Cannon Air Force Base in Clovis, New Mexico open.
Date: July 10, 2005
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library