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News Bulletin (Castroville, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 25, 1996
Weekly newspaper from Castroville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
July 25, 1996
Creator:
Barnes, Thomas
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Potential effects of low-volume effluent discharges on past-practice vadose zone contamination
Collard, L. B., J. D. Davis, D. B. Barnett, 1996, Potential Effects of Low-Volume Effluent Discharges on Past Practice Vadose Zone Contamination: WHC-SD-LEF-ER-001, Westinghouse Hanford Company, Richland Washington. This document estimates the behavior of extremely low-discharges of water in the unsaturated zone in the vicinity of past-practice facilities.
Date:
July 30, 1996
Creator:
Barnett, D. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Calorimetry exchange program. Quarterly data report, 1st quarter 1992
The goals of the Calorimetry Sample Exchange Program are: (1) Discuss measurement differences, (2) Review and improve analytical measurements and methods, (3) Discuss new measurement capabilities, (4) Provide data to DOE on measurement capabilities to evaluate shipper-receiver differences, (5) Provide characterized or standard materials as necessary for exchange participants, (6) Provide a measurement control program for plutonium analysis. A sample of PuO{sub 2} powder is available at each participating site for NDA measurement, including either or both calorimetry and high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy, the elements which are typically combined to provide a calorimetric assay of plutonium. The facilities measure the sample as frequently and to the level of precision which they desire, and then submit the data to the Exchange for analysis. Statistical tests are used to evaluate the data and to determine if there are significant differences from accepted values for the exchange sample or from data previously reported by that facility. This information is presented, in the form of a quarterly report, intended for use by Exchange participants in measurement control programs, or to indicate when bias corrections may be appropriate. No attempt, however, has been made to standardize methods or frequency of data collection, calibration, or operating procedures. …
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Barnett, T.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Calorimetry exchange program. Quarterly data report, 2nd quarter 1992
The goals of the Calorimetry Sample Exchange Program are: (1) Discuss measurement differences, (2) Review and improve analytical measurements and methods, (3) Discuss new measurement capabilities, (4) Provide data to DOE on measurement capabilities to evaluate shipper-receiver differences, (5) Provide characterized or standard materials as necessary for exchange participants, (6) Provide a measurement control program for plutonium analysis. A sample of PuO{sub 2} powder is available at each participating site for NDA measurement, including either or both calorimetry and high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy, the elements which are typically combined to provide a calorimetric assay of plutonium. The facilities measure the sample as frequently and to the level of precision which they desire, and then submit the data to the Exchange for analysis. Statistical tests are used to evaluate the data and to determine if there are significant differences from accepted values for the exchange sample or from data previously reported by that facility. This information is presented, in the form of a quarterly report, intended for use by Exchange participants in measurement control programs, or to indicate when bias corrections may be appropriate. No, attempt, however, has been made to standardize methods or frequency of data collection, calibration, or operating procedures. …
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Barnett, T.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Multi-purpose neutron radiography system
A conceptual design is given for a low cost, multipurpose radiography system suited for the needs of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The proposed neutron source is californium-252. One purpose is to provide an in-house capability for occasional, reactor quality, neutron radiography thus replacing the recently closed Omega-West Reactor. A second purpose is to provide a highly reliable standby transportable neutron radiography system. A third purpose is to provide for transportable neutron probe gamma spectroscopy techniques. The cost is minimized by shared use of an existing x-ray facility, and by use of an existing transport cask. The achievable neutron radiography and radioscopy performance characteristics have been verified. The demonstrated image qualities range from high resolution gadolinium - SR film, with L:D = 100:1, to radioscopy using a LIXI image with L:D = 30:1 and neutron fluence 3.4 x 10{sup 5} n/cm{sup 2}.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Barton, J. P.; Bryant, L. E. & Berry, P. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank monitor and control system (TMACS) performance analysis - under steady-state conditions
A means to predict the performance impacts to the TMACS computer system prior to further increases in the TMACS point configuration is studied. A series of CPU utilization measurements are made on the TMACS production and development computers. These measurements are under steady-state operating conditions for I/O point processing and remote terminal support.The data from these measurements are used to derive formulas that are then used to project CPU utilization for other configuration profiles. A configuration profile is described for (1) the current TMACS production system, (2) the maximum capacity of the current TMACS production system, and (3) a much larger target system, which reflects the anticipated size of the monitoring system for the upgrade project, W-314. The derived formulas are used to calculate CPU utilization for each of these configuration profiles. The formulas are validated by comparing the calculated with the measured results for the current production configuration. An analysis is performed that shows that the current system of 1.600 points can be expanded to 4,000 points without any changes. Furthermore, the current system can be expanded to 10,000 points to meet the requirements of the target system with the planned purchase of new-generation hardware and modifications to the …
Date:
July 30, 1996
Creator:
Bass, R. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effective use of metrics in an ALARA program
ALARA radiological protection programs require metrics to meet their objectives. Sources of metrics include; external dosimetry; internal dosimetry; radiological occurrences from the occurrence reporting and processing system (ORPS); and radiological incident reports (RIR). The sources themselves contain an abundance of specific ``indicators``. To choose the site-specific indicators that will be tracked and trended requires careful review. This required the end users to expend valuable time and effort to locate the data they needed. To address this problem, a central metrics database has been developed so that customers can have all their questions addressed quickly and correctly. The database was developed in the beginning to answer some of the customer`s most frequently asked questions. It is now also a tool to communicate the status of the radiation protection program to facility managers. Finally it also addresses requirements contained in the Rad Con manual and the 10CFR835 implementation guides. The database uses currently available, ``user friendly``, software and contains information from RIR`s, ORPS, and external dosimetry records specific to ALARA performance indicators. The database is expandable to allow new metrics input. Specific reports have been developed to assist customers in their tracking and trending of ALARA metrics.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Bates, B.B. Jr.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ANL technical support program for DOE Office of Environmental Management. Annual report, October 1994--September 1995
A program was established for the DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM) to evaluate factors that are anticipated to affect waste glass reaction during repository disposal, especially in an unsaturated environment typical of what may be expected for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository site. This report covers progress in FY 1995 on the following tasks: (1) Tests are ongoing to evaluate and compare the reactivity of fully radioactive glasses with that of glasses having the same compositions except for the absence of radionuclides under conditions representative of a high-level waste repository environment. Data from these tests will be used to evaluate the effect of radionuclides on the glass corrosion behavior and to determine the disposition of the radionuclides as the glass corrodes. Static dissolution tests and unsaturated tests are being conducted with several Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) and West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) glasses. (2) A series of static dissolution tests is being performed to compare the corrosion behavior of nuclear waste glasses made with SRL 131 and SRL 202 frits at different S/V ratios. The S/V ratio affects the extent to which dissolved glass species are diluted; the solution chemistry then affects continued glass dissolution. The solutions generated …
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Bates, J.K.; Buck, E.C.; Dietz, N.L.; DiSanto, T. & Ebert, W.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A systems assessment of the five Starlite tokamak power plants
The ARIES team has assessed the power-plant attractiveness of the following five tokamak physics regimes: (1) steady state, first stability regime; (2) pulsed, first stability regime; (3) steady state, second stability regime; (4) steady state, reversed shear; and (5) steady state, low aspect ratio. Cost-based systems analysis of these five tokamak physics regimes suggests that an electric power plant based upon a reversed-shear tokamak is significantly more economical than one based on any of the other four physics regimes. Details of this comparative systems analysis are described herein.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Bathke, C. G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Strategies to address transition costs in the electricity industry
Transition costs are the potential monetary losses that electric- utility shareholders, ratepayers, or other parties might experience because of structural changes in the electricity industry. Regulators, policy analysts, utilities, and consumer groups have proposed a number of strategies to address transition costs, such as immediately opening retail electricity markets or delaying retail competition. This report has 3 objectives: identify a wide range of strategies available to regulators and utilities; systematically examine effects of strategies; and identify potentially promising strategies that may provide benefits to more than one set of stakeholders. The many individual strategies are grouped into 6 major categories: market actions, depreciation options, rate-making actions, utility cost reductions, tax measures, and other options. Of the 34 individual strategies, retail ratepayers have primary or secondary responsibility for paying transition costs in 19 of the strategies, shareholders in 12, wheeling customers in 11, taxpayers in 8, and nonutility suppliers in 4. Most of the strategies shift costs among different segments of the economy, although utility cost reductions can be used to offset transition costs. Most of the strategies require cooperation of other parties, including regulators, to be implemented successfully; financial stakeholders must be engages in negotiations that hold the promise of …
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Baxter, L.; Hadley, S. & Hirst, E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Extension of Studies with 3M Empore TM and Selentec MAG *SEP SM Technologies for Improved Radionuclide Field Sampling
The Savannah River Technology Center is evaluating new field sampling methodologies to more easily determine concentrations of radionuclides in aqueous systems. One methodology studied makes use of 3M EmporeTM disks. The disks are composed of selective resins embedded in a Teflon support. The disks remove the ion of interest from aqueous solutions when the solution is passed through the disk. The disk can then be counted directly to quantify the isotope of interest. Four types of disks were studied during this work: for the extraction of technetium (two types), cesium, plutonium, and strontium. A sampler has been developed for automated, unattended, in situ use of the EmporeTM disks.
Date:
July 10, 1996
Creator:
Beals, D. M.; Bibler, J. P. & Brooks, D. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Use of selectively coated MAG*SEP{sup SM} particles for improved radionuclide field sampling
The Savannah River Technology Center is evaluating a new field sampling methodology to more easily determine concentrations of radionuclides in aqueous systems. The new methodology makes use of the process developed by Selective Environmental Technologies (Selentec) whereby selective ligands are attached to particles with a ferrous metallic core (MAG*SEPsm). The particles retain the properties of the ligand and are also attracted to a magnet. By appropriately choosing the ligand on the particles, only the analyte of interest will be extracted when using the developed field sampler. The particles are separated from the aqueous sample by pumping the water past a specially designed magnet. The particles with attached analyte can then be returned to the lab for quantification. Tests have been completed characterizing two sets of prepared particles. One set was prepared to extract technetium from aqueous systems, the other to extract cesium. Initial tests were performed on spiked samples in the lab, with later tests demonstrating the applicability to field sampling. Field sampling procedures have been developed for a sample size of one liter or for 20 liters. Field samples were collected from around the Savannah River Site, from the Atchafalaya River near New Orleans, and from the Ob River …
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Beals, D. M.; Hayes, D. W.; Bibler, J. P.; Brooks, D. A.; Swift, N. & Hendawi, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Molecular dynamics simulation of low energy boron and arsenic implant into silicon
We have studied the implantation of boron and arsenic ions into silicon by classical molecular dynamics simulation. Single ion implant into the dimer reconstructed Si{l_brace}100{r_brace}(2x1) surface has been examined at energies between 0.25 keV and 5.0 keV, at both normal incidence and at non-channeling incidence. By using a new model for electronic stopping, developed for semiconductors and containing only one fitted parameter, we have been able to accurately calculate the depth profile of the implanted B and as atoms. The results of the calculations are compared to the predictions from a binary collision (BC) model for the dopant profile, and to experimental data. This allows us to examine the low energy limits on the validity of the BC approximation, with the aim of producing modifications to the BC model to extend its validity into the sub-keV regime.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Beardmore, K.; Cai, D. & Gronbech-Jensen, N.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Photograph 2012.201.B1428.0541]
Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Richard Zahn, Besty Thorpe, Larry and Tony Zahn with birhtday honoree Fred Zahn, center at the festivities."
Date:
July 7, 1996
Creator:
Beckel, Jim
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Final report for Tank 241-BY-106, Cores 64, 65, and 121
Final Report for Tank 241-BY-106; Rotary Mode Cores 64 and 65.
Date:
July 3, 1996
Creator:
Bell, Kevin E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Probing confined-quark dynamics via nucleon form factors
The QCD Dyson-Schwinger equations [DSEs] provide the basis for a phenomenology, in which the known large-q{sup 2} behavior of the gluon propagator is extrapolated to small-q{sup 2} via a parameterisation that incorporates the qualitative features of many studies of the gluon DSE. This phenomenology has been successfully applied in the calculation of a wide range of hadron observables; for example: the meson ground state spectrum, the elastic scattering and anomalous transition form factors of pseudoscalar mesons; and the electroproduction of vector mesons. The electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon are calculated using a product Ansatz for the nucleon Fadde`ev amplitude. The preliminary results are encouraging. Isoscalar-scalar and isovector-pseudovector confined diquark correlations are found to provide the dominant contribution to the form factors. The inclusion of the isovector-pseudovector correlation can help describe the electric and magnetic properties of the nucleon.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Bender, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Examination of Sandia`S Phenomenological Computer Codes and the Use of Intelligent Searching in Risk Assessments
Because many of the phenomenologically based codes used to support risk assessments require lone execution times, it is important to have a rationally based means for optimizing the choice of parameter values that are input to the code calculations. For this reason, we have developed a method for intelligently searching the space of parameter values to deduce, with as few computations as possible, the values that are most likely to lead to high risk. We have applied the method to a problem involving electrical initiation of an explosive due to the response of the system to fires. We have shown that our method can locate potential risk vulnerabilities with far fewer time-consuming physical response computations than would be necessary using standard sampling approaches.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Benjamin, A. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A comparison of commercial/industry and nuclear weapons safety concepts
In this paper the authors identify factors which influence the safety philosophy used in the US commercial/industrial sector and compare them against those factors which influence nuclear weapons safety. Commercial/industrial safety is guided by private and public safety standards. Generally, private safety standards tend to emphasize product reliability issues while public (i.e., government) safety standards tend to emphasize human factors issues. Safety in the nuclear weapons arena is driven by federal requirements and memoranda of understanding (MOUs) between the Departments of Defense and Energy. Safety is achieved through passive design features integrated into the nuclear weapon. Though the common strand between commercial/industrial and nuclear weapons safety is the minimization of risk posed to the general population (i.e., public safety), the authors found that each sector tends to employ a different safety approach to view and resolve high-consequence safety issues.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Bennett, Rebecca R. & Summers, Daniel A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
On the theory of magnetic field generation by relativistically strong laser radiation
The authors consider the interaction of subpicosecond relativistically strong short laser pulses with an underdense cold unmagnetized electron plasma. It is shown that the strong plasma inhomogeneity caused by laser pulses results in the generation of a low frequency (quasistatic) magnetic field. Since the electron density distribution is determined completely by the pump wave intensity, the generated magnetic field is negligibly small for nonrelativistic laser pulses but increases rapidly in the ultrarelativistic case. Due to the possibility of electron cavitation (complete expulsion of electrons from the central region) for narrow and intense beams, the increase in the generated magnetic field slows down as the beam intensity is increased. The structure of the magnetic field closely resembles that of the field produced by a solenoid; the field is maximum and uniform in the cavitation region, then it falls, changes polarity and vanishes. In extremely dense plasmas, highly intense laser pulses in the self-channeling regime can generate magnetic fields {approximately} 100 Mg and greater.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Berezhiani, V. I.; Shatashvili, N.L. & Mahajan, S. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of uncertainty in SAPRC90 rate constants and selected product yields on reactivity adjustment factors for alternative fuel vehicle emissions. Final report
Tropospheric ozone is formed in the atmosphere by a series of reactions involving volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}). While NOx emissions are primarily composed of only two compounds, nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO{sub 2}), there are hundreds of different VOCs being emitted. In general, VOCs promote ozone formation, however, the rate and extent of ozone produced by the individual VOCs varies considerably. For example, it is widely acknowledged that formaldehyde (HCHO) is a very reactive VOC, and produces ozone rapidly and efficiently under most conditions. On the other hand, VOCs such as methane, ethane, propane, and methanol do not react as quickly, and are likely to form less urban ozone than a comparable mass of HCHO. The difference in ozone forming potential is one of the bases for the use of alternative fuels. The fuels considered in this study included compressed natural gas, LPG, mixtures of methanol and gasoline, ethanol and gasoline, and a reformulated gasoline.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Bergin, M. S.; Russell, A. G.; Yang, Y. J.; Milford, J. B.; Kirchner, F. & Stockwell, W. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sludge adherence summary report
This report summarizes the results from the first sludge adherence tests performed in the 105-K East Basin on N Reactor fuel.
Date:
July 11, 1996
Creator:
Bergmann, D.W., Westinghouse Hanford
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Integrated water treatment system test strategy
This document describes the operational testing at the KE Basin planned for obtaining information necessary for the successful design of the Integrated Water Treatment System and thereby facilitate the efficient removal of the fuel, sludge and debris from the K Basins within the SNF Project budgets and schedules. The document includes the description of the operational testing to be conducted, the samples and measurements to be taken, the sample analysis to be performed, and the use of the information obtained.
Date:
July 11, 1996
Creator:
Bergsman, K.H., Westinghouse Hanford
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Telemetric heat stress monitor (THSM) spin-offs
This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). This project sought to investigate spin-offs of the telemetric heat stress monitoring system (THSM) developed at LANL. Hazardous-materials workers and firefighters wear clothing that protects them from external hazards, but the sealed environment of a protective suit makes its wearer susceptible to heat stress. Heat stress occurs when the body`s natural cooling mechanisms fail: it can cause collapse and death. The THSM warns both workers and remote monitoring personnel of incipient heat stress by monitoring and responding to elevations of workers` skin temperatures and heart rates. The technology won a 1994 R & D 100 award.
Date:
July 1996
Creator:
Berkbigler, L.; Bradley, O.; Lopez, R.; Martinez, D. & Stampfer, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Synchrotron tune adjustment by longitudinal motion of quadrupoles
Adjustment of the tune of a synchrotron is generally accomplished by globally varying the strength of the quadrupoles, either in the main quadrupole bus or in a set of dedicated trim quadrupoles distributed around the ring. An alternate scheme for tune control involves varying the strengths of quadrupoles only within a local insert, thereby adjusting the phase advance across the insert to create a ``phase trombone``. In a synchrotron built of permanent magnets, such as the proposed Fermilab Recycler Ring, tune adjustment may also be accomplished by constructing a phase trombone in which the longitudinal position rather than the strength of a number of quadruples is adjusted. Design philosophies and performance for such phase trombones are presented.
Date:
July 1, 1996
Creator:
Bertche, K. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library