This article discusses input substitution in irrigated agriculture in the high plains of Texas.

Table of contents and an article on the Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science by Annetta Ramsey and Rogers Redding in a volume of The Gifted Child Today, with an emphasis on college programs for gifted youngsters.

EQ3/6 is a software package for modeling chemical and mineralogic interactions in aqueous geochemical systems. The major components of the package are EQ3NR (a speciation-solubility code), EQ6 (a reaction path code), EQLIB (a supporting library), and a supporting thermodynamic data base. EQ3NR calculates aqueous speciation and saturation indices from analytical data. It can also be used to calculate compositions of buffer solutions for use in laboratory experiments. EQ6 computes reaction path models of both equilibrium step processes and kinetic reaction processes. These models can be computed for closed systems and relatively simple open systems. EQ3/6 is useful in making purely theoretical calculations, in designing, interpreting, and extrapolating laboratory experiments, and in testing and developing submodels and supporting data used in these codes. The thermodynamic data base supports calculations over the range 0-300{degree}C. 60 refs., 2 figs.

In this paper the author is concerned with the numerical solution, based on iterative methods, of large sparse systems of linear algebraic equations of the type which arise in the numerical solution of elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations by finite difference or finite element methods. He considers linear systems of the form Au = b where A is a given N x N matrix which is large and sparse and where b is a given N x 1 column vector. He will assumes that A is symmetric and positive definite (SPD). He considers iterative algorithms which consist of a basic iterative method, such as the Richardson, Jacobi, SSOR or incomplete Cholesky method, combined with an acceleration procedure such as Chebyshev acceleration or conjugate gradient acceleration. The object of this paper is, however, to examine some high-level methods for achieving parallelism. Such techniques involve only matrix/vector operations and do not involve working with blocks of the matrix, subdividing the region, or using different meshes. It is expected that if effective high-level methods could be developed, they could be combined with block and domain decomposition methods, and related methods, to obtain even greater speedups. It is also expected that by working …

This paper describes an all helium, low heat leak cryogenic system for the testing of a superconducting magnet coil for the ASTROMAG particle astrophysics experiment. The superconducting coil, which is projected to have a stored magnetic energy of 4 to 7 MJ, will be cooled by pumped helium from a liquid helium storage tank using a fountain effect helium II pump. The pumping system can be used to cool the cryogenic system down as well as keep the coil cold during its superconducting operation. The integration of retractable 900 A gas-cooled electrical leads with the intermediate shields and intercepts is discussed.

It is shown that the degree of polarization of a beam in electron storage rings can be limited by nonlinear effects. The strength of a nonlinear effect depends on theamplitude of the particles. Particles performing synchrotron and betatron oscillations with high amplitudes can contribute over proportionally to depolarization. As aresult, the emittance of a beam is not allowed to exceed certain boundaries, otherwise the beam will become more and more depolarized. This limit is called nonlinearspin acceptance.

There has been a renewal of interest in Direct Nuclear Propulsion (DNP) because of the Air Force Forecast II recommendation for the development of the technology. Several nuclear concepts have been proposed to meet the Direct Nuclear Propulsion challenge. In this paper we will present results of an initial study of the potential of a cermet fueled nuclear system in providing the desired DNP capabilities and featuring a set of unique safety characteristics. The concept of cermet fuel for DNP applications was first developed by ANL and GE working independently more than 20 years ago. The two organizations came to several remarkably consistent conclusions. The present work has consisted of collecting a unified set of design parameters from the set of design results produced in the earlier work. The conclusion of this exercise was that a cermet-fueled DNP design looked extremely promising from performance and safety considerations and that it deserves serious consideration when the decision to develop one or more concepts for DNP is made.

This paper discusses several recent advances toward a deeper understanding of the still unknown astrophysical site for rapid (r-process) neutron capture nucleosynthesis. The physical constraints on the r-process from the input nuclear data are highlighted and the particular importance of the recent measurements of beta-decay lifetimes along the r-process path is discussed. Astronomical observations of s- and r-process elemental abundances on metal poor halo stars are also discussed, in the context of models for the galactic chemical evolution of heavy-element abundances, as a constraint on the nature of the r-process. On the basis of these constraints it is suggested that the most likely source for the r-process may be from the ejection of core material from low-mass type II supernovae. 27 refs., 1 fig.

Intermediate-range order in binary and ternary chalcogenide glasses is discussed, with special reference to GeSe/sub 2/ and Ag/sub 4/Ge/sub 3/Se/sub 9/. A signature of this order is provided by the first sharp diffraction peak, which occurs in these glasses at Q /approximately/ 1 /sup /angstrom/A//sup /minus/1/ and shows anomalous behavior in several ways. It is strongly depressed by the addition of Ag to the GeSe/sub 2/ glass. The addition of Ag also leads to a softening of the vibrational spectrum. 11 refs., 4 figs.

Highlights of the VIIIth International Workshop on Photon-Photon Collisions are reviewed. New experimental and theoretical results were reported in virtually every area of ..gamma gamma.. physics, particularly in exotic resonance production and tests of quantum chromodynamics where asymptotic freedom and factorization theorems provide predictions for both inclusive and exclusive ..gamma gamma.. reactions at high momentum transfer. 73 refs., 12 figs.

The Fermilab Tevatron I proton-antiproton collider project requires that the Fermilab Main Ring produce intense bunches of protons and antiprotons for injection into the Tevatron. The process of coalescing a small number of harmonic number h=1113 bunches into a single bunch by bunch-rotating in a lower harmonic rf system is described.The Main Ring is also required to extract onto the antiproton production target bunches with as narrow a time spread as possible. This operation is also discussed. The operation of the bunch coalescing and bunch rotation are compared with simulations using the computer program ESME. 2 refs., 8 figs.

This paper discusses uses of soft x-rays as imaging particles. Particular topics discussed are: Soft x-ray as a biological probe; overview of x-ray microscope techniques; analysis of the usefulness of x-rays in imaging and microanalysis; and physical radiation damage. 27 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

We present a new approach to SU/sub 2L/ /times/ U/sub 1/ radiative corrections at high energies. Our approach is based on the infrared summation methods of Yennie, Frautschi and Suura, taken together with the Weinberg-'t Hooft renormalization group equation. Specific processes which have been realized via explicit Monte Carlo algorithms are e/sup +/e/sup /minus// ..-->.. f/bar f/' + n(..gamma..), f = ..mu.., /tau/, d, s, u, c, b or t and e/sup +/e/sup /minus// ..-->.. e/sup +/e/sup /minus// + n(..gamma..), where n(..gamma..), denotes multiple photo emission on an event-by-event basis. Exemplary Monte Carlo data are presented. 16 refs., 4 figs.

We make a brief historical review of some aspects of modern physics which we find most significant in our own endeavor. We discuss the ''Yukawa Vertices'' of elementary particle theory as used in laboratory practice, second quantized field theory, analytic S-Matrix theory and in our own approach. We review the conserved quantum numbers in the Standard Model of quarks and leptons. This concludes our presentation of the ''E-frame.'' We try to develop a self-consistent representation of our theory. We have already claimed that this approach provides a discrete reconciliation between the formal (representational) aspects of quantum mechanics and relativity. Also discussed are rules of correspondence connecting the formalism to the practice of physics by using the counter paradigm and event-based coordinates to construct relativistic quantum mechanics in a new way. 31 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

We report on the measurements of direct electron pair production in p-Be interactions at 1.0, 2.1 and 4.9 GeV and Ca + Ca at 1.0 and 2.0 GeV/A. The distributions of invariant mass and p/sub t/ are presented along with the total cross section. We observe a structure in the invariant mass spectra at approximately 275 MeV for 2.0 and 4.9 GeV p + Be data. A rapid decrease in the p + Be total cross-section is observed between 2.1 and 1.0 GeV. Both observations are consistent with the interpretation that pion-pion annihilations dominate production mechanism. 10 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

The conceptual design of a large superconducting solenoid suitable for a magnetic detector at the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) has begun at Fermilab. The magnet will provide a magnetic field of 2 T over a volume 8 m in diameter by 16 m long. The particle-physics calorimetry will be inside the field volume and so the coil will be bath cooled and cryostable; the vessels will be stainless steel. Predictibility of performance and the ability to safely negotiate all probable failure modes, including a quench, are important items of the design philosophy. Although the magnet is considerably larger than existing solenoids of this type and although many issues of manufacturability, transportability and cost have not been completely addressed, our conceptual design has convinced us that this magnet is a reasonable extrapolation of present technology. 2 figs., 2 tabs.

Recent results on the total cross section, real-to-imaginary ratio of the forward scattering amplitude, and the slope parameter are discussed. The ability of future Tevatron data to distinguish between alternative explanations of the large value of /rho/ measured by UA-4 is emphasized. 8 refs., 1 tab.

A discussion of nuclear shadowing in deep inelastic lepton scattering is presented. We show that the parton recombination model suggests that shadowing should begin to occur at larger values of Bjorken x as A increases. This expectation as well as that of weak dependence on Q/sup 2/, and the trend of the x dependence of the shadowing phenomenon are consistent with recent data. Shadowing at small x is combined with nuclear bound state effects, responsible for nuclear dependence at larger x, to provide description of the A dependence of the structure function for the entire range of x. 21 refs., 5 figs.

We have developed, constructed and tested an anode readout TPC with high track separability which is suitable for large solid angle relativistic ion experiments. The readout via rows of short anode wires parallel to the beam has been found in tests to allow two-track separability of approx.2-3 mm. The efficiency of track reconstruction for events from a target, detected inside the MPS 5 KG magnet, is estimated to be >90% for events made by incident protons and pions. 15 GeV/c x A Si ion beams at a rate of approx.25 K per AGS pulse were permitted to course through the chamber and did not lead to any problems. When the gain was reduced to simulate the total output of a minimum ionizing particle, many Si ion tracks were also detected simultaneously with high efficiency. The resolution along the drift direction (parallel to the MPS magnetic field and perpendicular to the beam direction) was <1 mm and the resolution along the other direction /perpendicular/ to the beam direction was <1 mm also. 3 refs., 5 figs.

The purpose of this short talk is to initiate a discussion on the question of whether a long polarized target should be constructed for the Fermilab muon beam. 4 refs.

After a hiatus of several years, this conference brings us considerable new data on resonance production in photon photon interactions. I will first discuss the contributions concerning the tensor, pseudoscalar and scalar mesons, then review the current status of the (c/ovr string/c /eta//sub c/) and finally summarize the exciting new results concerning the spin 1 mesons. 40 refs., 21 figs., 7 tabs.

A proposal for an integral gas-jet target and forward spectrometer for the PEP storage ring is described. The beam structure, allowable, luminosity (L = 10/sup 33/ cm/sup /minus/2/s/sup /minus/1/ for H/sub 2/, D/sub 2/) and energy (E/sub e/ less than or equal to 15 GeV) make the ring ideal for multiparticle coincidence studies in the scaling regime, and where perturbative QCD may be an apt description of some exclusive and semi-inclusive reactions. 14 refs., 7 figs.

Research on and development of civilian and defense uses of nuclear materials and technologies have occurred at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since its creation as part of the World War II Manhattan Project in 1943. A diverse legacy of contaminated inactive facilities, research areas, and waste management areas exists; many are candidates for remedial action. Most attention is focused on waste management sites which contain the bulk of ORNL's environmental contamination. A wide variety of liquid and solid wastes, primarily radioactive wastes or mixed wastes in which radioactivity was the principal hazardous constituent, have been disposed of on-site in the past 45 years. One potential approach to remedial problems at ORNL is to design primarily for control and decay in situ (during an institutional control period of 100 years or more) of intermediate-lived wastes such as /sup 3/H, /sup 90/Sr, and /sup 137/Cs. Passive measures designed to provide greater long-term confinement (for example, in situ vitrification) could be exercised at sites contaminated with TRU wastes or high concentrations of hazardous constitutes. This approach would (a) provide a period sufficiently long for evaluation of the effectiveness of environmental processes and passive remedial measures in controlling the migration of long-lived materials, …

The successful description of nuclei in terms of nucleons, deltas and mesons provides an enormous challenge to QCD. It compels us to pursue our theoretical understanding of chromodynamics into the realm of multiple color singlets in order to examine the concept of color saturation. To pursue this theme, we examine the idea of nuclear transparency in the light of models for confinement and describe the formulation of lattice simulations sensitive to exchange forces. 22 refs., 7 figs.