Methods for evaluating subsurface disposal systems, based on data derived from membrane filtration tests and core flooding experiments, have been described in the literature. These techniques were used to develop and successfully test equipment for evaluation of injectability of any geothermal effluent including hypersaline brine from the Salton Sea Geothermal Field. A schematic diagram of the prototype system for filtration and core flooding is included.

New data for relativistic heavy ion collisions are presented for the emitted protons and pions, and for the average multiplicities and angular correlations of the charged particles. Comparisons with several different theoretical approaches are made including the nuclear firestreak model. It appears that there is a group of nucleons with randomized motion and high temperature. The stage is reached where one is beginning to look for effects due to the expansion of a compressed region. 16 references.

Reaction of optically pure (+) and (-) 7{beta},8{alpha}-dihydroxy-9{alpha},10{alpha}-epoxy-7,8,9.10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene with DNA in vitro yielded diastereomeric covalent adducts with the exocyclic amino groups of deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine. The ratio of two deoxyguanosine diastereomers derived by reacting the (+) and (-) hydrocarbons with native calf thymus and double stranded 0X174 DNA was 20:1 while reaction of the enantiomers with heat denatured calf thymus and single stranded 0X174 DNA resulted in a ratio near 1:1. In contrast, deoxyaadenosine diastereomer pairs were approximately 1:1 in all cases studied. The (+) and (-) enantiomers of the benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide, therefore, interact asymmetrically with the guanine binding sites of double stranded but not single stranded polydeoxynucleotides. In contrast, reaction of the enantiomers with adenine is not stereoselective.

This report presents the abstracts for the CUBE (Computer Use by Engineers) Symposium, October 4, through 6, 1978. Contributors are from Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, and Sandia Laboratories.

The most prominent collective modes excited in deep-inelastic reactions are reviewed, and the natural hierarchy provided by their characteristic relaxation times is described. A model is presented which treats the relaxation of the mass asymmetry mode in terms of a diffusion process. Charge distributions and angular distributions as a function of Z calculated with this model are in good agreement with experimental data. An extension of this diffusion model which treats the transfer of energy and angular momentum in terms of particle transfer is described, and is successfully compared with experimental ..gamma..-ray multiplicities as a function of both Q-value and mass asymmetry. The problem of angular momentum transfer is again considered in connection with the sequential fission of heavy, deep-inelastic fragments and the excitation of collective modes in the exit channel is suggested. Lastly, the role of the giant E1 mode in the equilibration of the neutron-to-proton ratio is discussed. 14 figures, 39 references.

These proceedings represent the overview and project papers made available to all the participants at each of the regional conferences. Papers not available at time of publication, and additional materials, including a summary and analysis of the Workshop/Panel Sessions are included in the complete proceedings CONF-780701--(Rev.) for which individual abstracts were prepared for each paper. (MHR)

The semi-catalyzed-deuterium Light-Water Hybrid Reactor (LWHR) comprises a lithium-free light-water-moderated blanket with U/sub 3/Si fuel driven by a deuterium-based fusion-neutron source, with complete burn-up of the tritium but almost no burn-up of the helium-3 reaction product. A one-dimensional model for a neutral-beam-driven tokamak plasma is used to determine the operating modes under which the fusion energy multiplication Q/sub p/ can be equal to or greater than 0.5. Thermonuclear, beam-target, and energetic-ion reactions are taken into account. The most feasible operating conditions for Q/sub p/ approximately 0.5 are <n/sub e/>tau/sub E/ = 2 to 4 x 10/sup 14/ cm/sup -3/s, <T/sub e/> = 10 to 20 keV, and E/sub beam/ = 500 to 1000 keV, with approximately 40% of the fusion energy produced by beam-target reactions. Illustrative parameters of LWHRs are compared with those of an ignited D-T reactor.

The two pairs of line-reversed reactions: ..pi../sup +/p ..-->.. K/sup +/..sigma../sup +/; K/sup -/p ..-->.. ..pi../sup -/..sigma../sup +/ and ..pi../sup +/p ..-->.. K/sup +/Y*(1385); K/sup -/p ..-->.. ..pi../sup -/Y*(1385) at two energies: 7 and 11.5 GeV/c were studied. The experiment was conducted in the SLAC 1 m rapid cycling bubble chamber triggered by electronic detectors and an online algorithm. The cross section excess for the K/sup -/ reactions which has shown exchange degeneracy violations at lower energy is still significant but smaller at 7 GeV/c. At 11.5 GeV/c it is found that both the helicity-flip and non-flip dominated processes are consistent with exchange degeneracy predictions. Polarization measurements of the ..sigma../sup +/ and Y* at both energies support dominance in the production process of exchange degenerate K*(890) vector and K*(1490) tensor trajectories. 9 references

The application of the floating cooling concept to non-evaporative and evaporative atmospheric heat rejection systems was studied as a method of improving the performance of geothermal powerplants operating upon medium temperature hydrothermal resources. The LBL thermodynamic process computer code GEOTHM is used in the case study of a 50 MWe isobutane binary cycle power plant at Heber, California. It is shown that operating a fixed capacity plant in the floating cooling mode can generate significantly more electrical energy at a higher thermodynamic efficiency and reduced but bar cost for approximately the same capital investment. Floating cooling is shown to benefit a plant which is dry cooled to an even greater extent than the same plant operating with an evaporative heat rejection system. Results of the Heber case study indicate that a dry floating cooling geothermal binary cycle plant can produce energy at a bus bar cost which is competitive with the cost of energy associated with evaporatively cooled systems.

General relativistic gravitational theories are constructed from suitable intransitive continuous groups of transformations. A minimal invariant variety forms the unperturbed universe. The formalism of the group is generalized to have the symmetry of its action on this manifold broken by gauge potentials. The theory is expressed in these potentials, and it is shown how the present symmetry breaking is related to a general metric. The physical interpretation of the formalism is outlined. 14 references.

This workshop proceedings describes the status of the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) and University of Arizona programs in the development of high-temperature microelectronic devices for geothermal well-logging applications.

Lowest detection limits are obtained by opening the collimator apertures until the system maximum counting rate is obtained. Selection of polarizer materials is discussed. A cylindrical polarizer is used in a high-intensity polarized x-ray source. (DLC)

Intrusion detection sensors are an integral part of most physical security systems. Under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Safeguards and Security, Sandia Laboratories has conducted a survey of available intrusion detection sensors and has tested a number of different sensors. An overview of these sensors is provided. This overview includes (1) the operating principles of each type of sensor, (2) unique sensor characteristics, (3) desired sensor improvements which must be considered in planning an intrusion detection system, and (4) the site characteristics which affect the performance of both exterior and interior sensors. Techniques which have been developed to evaluate various intrusion detection sensors are also discussed.

A brief review is given of significant developments in the management of high-level nuclear wastes since the Oct. 1976 first Pacific Basin Conference on Nuclear Power Development and the Fuel Cycle. Emphasis is on policy and technical developments in the U.S., with some attention paid to developments in other countries that have impacted technical direction in the U.S. Spent fuel and its packaging, vitrification, high-level waste glasses, and repositories are discussed. It is concluded that predisposal technology for processing high-level wastes is well developed and that geologic media can be used for disposal of nuclear wastes without significant risk. 19 figures. (DLC)

Using a new experimental technique based on hysteresis, the time development of the size of a localized packet of electronhole drops (EHD) in a spatially uniform free exciton gas near threshold is measured for times approximately 10/sup 4/ sec. No significant motion is found, determining an upper limit D approximately < 10/sup -9/cm/sup 2/sec/sup -1/ to the possible EHD diffusion constant.

From an exposure of the Fermilab 15-ft Neon (64 atomic %)-H{sub 2} filled bubble chamber to a single-horn-focused {bar {nu}} beam, they have found 60 e{sup -}X and 35 e{sup +}X events, which they compare with 227 {mu}{sup -}X and 202 {mu}{sup +}X events. No statistically significant departures from {mu}-e universality are seen.

We describe neutral beam injector research and development at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley and Lawrence Livermore Laboratories, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. All neutral beam systems for present and near-term applications are based on the acceleration and neutralization of positive ions. The research and development is carried out at LBL/LLL and ORNL. Present emphasis at LBL/LLL is on 80 to 120 kV systems for the mirror program and for the TFTR and D III tokamaks. Present emphasis at ORNL is on 40 to 80 kV systems for the PLT, ISX, and PDX, and 80 to 200 kV systems for LPTT and TNS tokamaks. Injectors for the future experiments and reactors may operate at energies of 200 keV or higher, especially for mirror machine applications, where positive-ion-based efficiencies will be very low, assuming no energy recovery. Research on negative-ion-based systems with potentially high efficiencies is carried out at BNL and at LBL/LLL and ORNL. The first demonstration of a high-power neutral beam based on negative ions is planned for 1980.

The paper briefly describes the nuclear reactor facilities at Sandia Laboratories which are used for simulating nuclear weapon produced neutron environments. These reactor facilities are used principally in support of continuing R and D programs for the Department of Energy/Office of Military Application (DOE/OMA) in studying the effects of radiation on nuclear weapon systems and components. As such, the reactors are available to DOE and DOD agencies and their contractors responsible for the radiation hardening of advanced nuclear weapon systems. Emphasis is placed upon two new reactor simulation sources; the Sandia Pulse Reactor-III (SPR-III) Facility which enhances the neutron exposure volume capabilities over those presently available with the existing SPR-II Facility, and the Upgraded Annular Core Pulse Reactor (ACPR) Facility which enhances the neutron exposure capabilities over those of the former ACPR Facility.

The dc SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) is a very sensitive detector of changes in magnetic flux, and is becoming widely used as a magnetometer and as a voltmeter. The paper summarizes the noise limitations of the device and makes projections of its ultimate performance. A more detailed account of the work is to appear elsewhere.

Properties of synchrotron radiation from SPEAR are reviewed. The power--frequency spectrum of source and photomultiplier tube is measured with a spectrum analyzer. The decay time of a single fluorescent species can be deduced by measuring the phase delay between excitation and fluorescence radiation modulated at a single suitable frequency. It is possible to characterize completely the time (impulse) response or the complex frequency response of a linear system with only phase measurements. A number of test experiments were made by using apparatus designed for time-resolved fluorescence emission anisotropy studies of tryptophan in proteins. Phase shifts were produced by insertion of water-filled quartz cells into the beam and by the introduction of a thick glass slab. The total optical path length could also be altered by linear motion of the phototube. The results yielded 4.7 +- 0.5 degrees per cm of motion. It was concluded that this procedure can be used to study short atomic and molecular fluorescence lifetimes. 3 figures. (RWR)

Changes in ozone, temperature, and other minor constituents resulting from eleven year variations in the solar flux between 180 and 340 nm are presented. Results were computed using a one-dimensional time dependent model that allows for all major feedbacks and time delays which may result from changing photolysis rates in the O/sub x/--NO/sub x/--HO/sub x/--ClO/sub x/ system. Since the 1950's the chlorine content of the stratosphere has been increasing. The effect of this increase on ozone variability during the last two solar cycles is analyzed. Expected variations in O/sub 3/ and temperature resulting from changes in the uv flux are compared to available measurements.

The basic purpose of the Geothermal Overview Project is to identify, summarize, and assess the environmental issues of the top priority KGRAs from among the approximately 40 KGRAs currently identified by the Division of Geothermal Energy, DOE, as having high possibilities for commercial development. The Geothermal Overview Project addresses issues pertaining to air quality, ecosystems quality, noise effects, geological effects, water quality, socioeconomic effects, and health effects. For each KGRA the following functions are accomplished: identification of key issues; inventory of all available data; analysis and assessment of available data; and, identification of what additional information is required for adequate assessments. Studies at the Geysers-Calistoga KGRA in Northern California are used as an example.

Separate abstracts were prepared for thirteen of the papers in this volume. The remaining three have already been cited in ERA, and can be located by reference to the entry CONF-771078-- in the Report Number Index. (RWR)

A two-day workshop for 35 US and Swedish experts on energy conservation and community planning was held to evaluate patterns of energy use in two US and Swedish towns and to recommend to the International Energy Agency a joint research agenda on community energy conservation. The workshop topics included: energy consumption as related to quality of life; energy conservation through local government planning policies; mechanisms for community-wide energy management; effects of building codes on energy savings; and the development of a uniform system of accounts for the international exchange of energy-consumption information. Eleven recommendations are made for community energy conservation research studies of items such as land-use planning, district heating, transportation systems, building codes, and community-wide energy management. (LCL)