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Mechanical strength and stability of lithium aluminate (open access)

Mechanical strength and stability of lithium aluminate

Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) investigated the strength and resistance to thermal shock of lithium aluminate annular pellets. The room temperature, axial compressive fracture strength of pellets made at Westinghouse Advanced Energy Systems (WAES) varied from 80 to 133 ksi. The strength at 430{degrees}C (806{degrees}F) was to 30 to 40% lower. The strength at 900{degrees}C (1652{degrees}F) showed a wide variation with one measurement near 90 ksi. These strength values are consistent with other data and predictions made in the literature when the grain size and porosity of the microstructure are taken into account. In diametral compression tests, the fracture strengths were much lower due to the existence of tensile stresses in some pellet regions from this type of loading. However, the fracture stresses were still generally higher than those reported in the literature; this fracture resistance probably reflects the better quality of the pellets tested in this study. Measurements on pellets made at PNL indicated lower strengths compared to the WAES material. This strength difference could be accounted for by different processing technologies: material made at PNL was cold-pressed and sintered with high porosity whereas the WAES material was isostatically hot-pressed with high density. Thermal shocking of the material by ramping …
Date: June 1, 1992
Creator: Brimhall, J.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of weldments in Type 21-6-9 stainless steel for Compact Ignition Tokamak structural applications: Phase 1 (open access)

Evaluation of weldments in Type 21-6-9 stainless steel for Compact Ignition Tokamak structural applications: Phase 1

Primary design considerations for the Compact Ignition Tokamak toroidal field-coil cases are yield strength and toughness in the temperature range from 77 to 300 K. Type 21-6-9 stainless steel, also still known by its original Armco Steel Company trade name Nitronic 40, is the proposed alloy for this application. It has high yield strength and usually adequate base metal toughness, but weldments in thick sections have not been adequately characterized in terms of mechanical properties or hot-cracking propensity. In this study, weldability of the alloy in heavy sections and the mechanical properties of the resultant welds were investigated including tensile yield strength and Charpy V-notch toughness at 77 K and room temperature. Weldments were made in four different base metals using seven different filler metals. None of the weldments showed any indication of hot-cracking problems. All base metals, including weldment heat-affected zones, were found to have adequate strength and impact toughness at both test temperatures. Weld metals, on the other hand, except ERNiCr-3 and ENiCrFe-3 had impact toughnesses of less than 67 J at 77 K. Inconel 82 had an average weld metal impact toughness of over 135 J at 77 K, and although its strength at 77 K is …
Date: June 1, 1991
Creator: Alexander, D. J.; Goodwin, G. M. & Bloom, E. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cold flow model test plan. Task IX. Technical support. Industrial low-Btu gas demonstration-plant program. (Deliverable No. 43) (open access)

Cold flow model test plan. Task IX. Technical support. Industrial low-Btu gas demonstration-plant program. (Deliverable No. 43)

A cold-flow model is being built to gather information for appropriately designing the venturi and the bottom section of the gasifier to attain the required ash discharge rate in the demonstration plant. Ancillary tasks will investigate the effect of different feed locations and different means of injecting fines. A model is necessary because the operating conditions of the pilot plant gasifier do not permit the type of testing required to meet the above objectives. The pilot plant gasifier has been operated with 2 and 3 in.-diameter venturis. Discharge rates through the venturi appropriate to the feed rates used have been on the order of 100 lb/hr. The demonstration plant design calls for a total ash agglomerate discharge from each gasifier of approximately 10,000 lb/hr. Scaling up venturi sizes and discharge rates from the pilot plant to the demonstration plant level is a primary motivation for building a cold-flow model. Larger sized venturis will be necessary to handle the larger discharge rates, and the model will be capable of incorporating up to an 8-in.-diameter venturi or other multiple-discharge nozzles. All equipment in the cold model will be capable of operation at 200 psig, which will enable testing to be conducted at …
Date: June 1, 1978
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fifth in situ vitrification engineering-scale test of simulated INEL buried waste sites (open access)

Fifth in situ vitrification engineering-scale test of simulated INEL buried waste sites

In September 1990, an engineering-scale in situ vitrification (ISV) test was conducted on sealed canisters containing a combined mixture of buried waste materials expected to be present at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA). The test was part of a Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) program to assist INEL in treatability studies of the potential application of ISV to mixed transuranic wastes at the INEL SDA. The purpose of this test was to determine the effect of a close-packed layer of sealed containers on ISV processing performance. Specific objectives included determining (1) the effect of releases from sealed containers on hood plenum pressure and temperature, (2) the release pressure ad temperatures of the sealed canisters, (3) the relationships between canister depressurization and melt encapsulation, (4) the resulting glass and soil quality, (5) the potential effects of thermal transport due to a canister layer, (6) the effects on particle entrainment of differing angles of approach for the ISV melt front, and (7) the effects of these canisters on the volatilization of voltatile and semivolatile contaminants into the hood plenum.
Date: June 1, 1992
Creator: Bergsman, T.M.; Shade, J.W. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)) & Farnsworth, R.K. (EG and G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls, ID (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
DOE Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) system studies digest (open access)

DOE Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) system studies digest

The Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) has sponsored system studies to support the evaluation of alternative configurations and operations for the Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System (CRWMS) and the development of system requirements and design specifications. These studies are generally directed toward evaluating the impacts of alternatives to the monitored retrievable storage (MRS) and fuel rod consolidation, waste form and characteristics sequences, cask and canister concepts, allocation of waste acceptance rights, and system throughput rates. The objectives of this document are: To present major system issues and related system element issues in a structured manner; to discuss key results of major system studies and explain the basis for certain current system assumptions; to summarize the scope and results of completed system studies that are still relevant at the time this document is published; and to provide the background needed for identifying and prioritizing system issues to be resolved. Consistent with the objectives, the document does not include low-level subsystem studies addressing system element issues that do not interact with overall system issues. The document is expected to be updated as major new system studies are completed and significant new results are available.
Date: June 1, 1992
Creator: McLeod, N. B. (Johnson and Associates Inc., Fairfax, Virginia (United States)); Nguyen, T. D.; Drexelius, R. (USDOE Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, Washington, DC (United States)) & McKee, R. W. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Probing nuclear matter with dileptons (open access)

Probing nuclear matter with dileptons

Dileptons are shown to be of interest in helping probe extreme conditions of temperature and density in nuclear matter. The current state of experimental knowledge about dileptons is briefly described, and their use in upcoming experiments with light ions at CERN SPS are reviewed, including possible signatures of quark matter formation. Use of dileptons in an upcoming experiment with a new spectrometer at Berkeley is also discussed. This experiment will probe the nuclear matter equation of state at high temperature and density. 16 refs., 8 figs. (LEW)
Date: June 1, 1986
Creator: Schroeder, L. S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Physical characterization of magmatic liquids. [Ultrasonic and Brillouin Scattering Studies of Natural and Synthetic Silicates and Oxides] (open access)

Physical characterization of magmatic liquids. [Ultrasonic and Brillouin Scattering Studies of Natural and Synthetic Silicates and Oxides]

This report describes a research project that was conducted from August 15, 1985 to February 28, 1992. The project was based on the ultrasonic studies of natural and synthetic silicate melts, and the study of Brillouin scattering of synthetic silicates and oxides. Measurements of the compressional wave velocity and attenuation can be established using the ultrasonic methods. Temperature dependences of silicates can be established by the Brillouin scattering. (MB)
Date: June 5, 1992
Creator: Manghnani, M.H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear structure at high angular momentum (open access)

Nuclear structure at high angular momentum

This review paper begins by discussing the limits faced in the attempts to get nuclei to hold very high angular momentum. The method presently used to produce nuclei with the maximum angular momentum is described. Then the physics of high-spin states is taken up; some properties of a purely collective, classical rotor are described, and the effects of coupling single-particle motion to this are considered. Next, backbending, its causes, and a new spectroscopy of bands and backbends at high spin values are discussed. Noncollective states occur when the nuclear angular momentum is carried by a few high-j particles and is aligned along a symmetry axis. There results an irregular yrast line, along which there are no collective transitions. Noncollective behavior in the lead region, the hafnium region, and the N = 82 region is examined. Then the discussion moves on to collective behavior and recent studies on continuum spectra. Evidence for rotation is given, and effective moments of inertia for this rotation are evaluated. Finally, current ..gamma..-ray energy correlation studies are described. 68 references, 36 figures. (RWR)
Date: June 1, 1980
Creator: Stephens, F.S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recent beam probe measurements on EBT, TMX, and RENTOR (open access)

Recent beam probe measurements on EBT, TMX, and RENTOR

It is noted that beam probe systems can provide accurate, reliable measurments of plasma space potential and nf(T/sub e/). Over some temperature range, at least, it should be possible to separate n and T/sub e/ by measuring the multiple ionization reaction products. It is also an ideal diagnostic for studying fluctuations since it provides a simultaneous measurement of phi and nf(T/sub e/) from the same point in the plasma and the measurements are continuous in time. Measurements can be made quasi-continuously in space by rapidly sweeping the beam. By using more than one detector it should be possible to make measurements simultaneously at two different observation points in the plasma.
Date: June 1, 1980
Creator: Hickok, R. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An iterative algorithm to produce a positive definite correlation matrix from an approximate correlation matrix (with a program user's guide) (open access)

An iterative algorithm to produce a positive definite correlation matrix from an approximate correlation matrix (with a program user's guide)

This report contains an explanation of an algorithm that, when executed, will operate on any symmetric approximate correlation matrix by iteratively adjusting the eigenvalues of this matrix. The objective of this algorithm is to produce a valid, positive definite, correlation matrix. Also a description of a program (called POSDEF) which implements the algorithm is given.
Date: June 1, 1982
Creator: Iman, R.L. & Davenport, J.M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Determination of Aerodynamic Drag Parameters of Small Irregular Objects by Means of Drop Tests (open access)

Determination of Aerodynamic Drag Parameters of Small Irregular Objects by Means of Drop Tests

Drag coefficients were determined for various irregular objects such as glass fragments, stones, steel fragments, and spheres by means of drop tests for use in a mathematical model to correlate nuclear explosion blast experiments. Drop tests were also made on small laboratory animals and extrapolated to estimate the drag properties of man. A method was developed to estimate the average drag properties of man from his total surface area. (D.L.C.)
Date: June 1, 1960
Creator: Fletcher, E. R.; Albright, R. W.; Goldizen, V. C. & Bowen, I. G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Seismic Vibrations on the Experimental Gas-Cooled Reactor (open access)

Effects of Seismic Vibrations on the Experimental Gas-Cooled Reactor

The effects of seismic vibrations on the dynamic behavior of a composite system were analyzed. The equations of motion were derived and soIved with special emphasis on determining the resulting stresses. The method of analysis thus developed was applied to the composite structure consisting of the core, pressure vessel, and supporting skirt of the Experimental Gas-Cooled Reactor (EGCR). A system with three degrees of freedom was considered in order to determine the effects of an earthquake of the maximum intensity expected in the area surrounding Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The system of equations of motion was solved both numerically and analytically, and the resonant frequencies were determined. The seismic effect was shown to be small when the frequency of the seismic disturbance coincided with a natural frequency of the system. In particular, the shear stresses in the graphite core were shown to be negligible. (auth)
Date: June 22, 1962
Creator: Witt, F.J.; Carver, D.R. & Maxwell, R.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design of neutron streak camera for fusion diagnostics (open access)

Design of neutron streak camera for fusion diagnostics

The D-T burn time for advanced laser-fusion targets is calculated to be very short, < 50 ps. We describe the design of a neutron streak camera of 16 ps resolving time that can be used to study the temporal history of fusion burn. The cathode of the neutron streak camera is sensitive to neutrons and is curved such that the difference in the neutron path lengths from a point source to various parts of the cathode is compensated by electron transit times within the streak tube. Thus the cathode can be made large for high sensitivity, without sacrificing time resolution. The cathode is coated with 1 ..mu..m UO/sub 2/. Each fission fragment leaving the cathode generates 400 secondary electrons that are all < 20 eV. These electrons are focussed to a point with an extractor and an anode, and are then purified with an electrostatic deflector. The electron beam is streaked and detected with the standard streak camera techniques. Careful shielding is needed for x-rays from the fusion target and general background. It appears that the neutron streak camera can be a viable and unique tool for studying temporal history of fusion burns in D-T plasmas of a few keV …
Date: June 1, 1982
Creator: Wang, C. L.; Kalibjian, R. & Singh, M. S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electron paramagnetic resonance at dislocations in germanium (open access)

Electron paramagnetic resonance at dislocations in germanium

The first observation of the paramagnetic resonance of electrons at dislocations in germanium single crystals is reported. Under subband gap optical excitation, two sets of lines are detected: four lines about the <111> axes with g/sub perpendicular to/ = 0.34 and g/sub parallel/ = 1.94, and 24 lines with g/sub perpendicular to/ = 0.73 and g/sub parallel/ = 1.89 about <111> axes with the six-fold 1.2/sup 0/ distortion. This represents the first measurement of the disortion angle of a dislocation dangling bond. The possibility that the distortion results from a Peierls transition along the dislocation line is discussed.
Date: June 1, 1982
Creator: Pakulis, E.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Periodic Characterization of Radioactive Waste Disposal Effluents. Core I Seed 3. Test Evaluation (open access)

Periodic Characterization of Radioactive Waste Disposal Effluents. Core I Seed 3. Test Evaluation

Data are given on the radioactive nuclides present in waste disposal effluents during Nov. 1961. The concentrations of all activities was well within established limits for discharge to the environment. (C.H.)
Date: June 13, 1962
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Formation of a quark-gluon plasma in nuclear collisions (open access)

Formation of a quark-gluon plasma in nuclear collisions

The spatial dependence of the energy deposition in the fragmentation regions is estimated for nuclear collisions at ISR energies, ..sqrt..s/A >approx. 30 GeV/nucleon. Two models (the trailing cascade and sequential decay scenarios) are contrasted. The results are compared to the quark-gluon plasma energy density computed via QCD lattice methods.
Date: June 1, 1982
Creator: Gyulassy, M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Discussions of Medical Device Issues: A Selected Bibliography (open access)

Discussions of Medical Device Issues: A Selected Bibliography

This report provides a bibliography of resources related to the safety and regulation of medical devices.
Date: June 19, 1970
Creator: Cavalier, Kay
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Multinational Corporations 1968-70: Selected References (open access)

Multinational Corporations 1968-70: Selected References

This report provides a bibliography of resources related to multinational corporations which were published from 1968 to 1970.
Date: June 15, 1970
Creator: Billings, Elden E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Orders (A Brief History of Their Use and the President's Power to Issue them) (open access)

Executive Orders (A Brief History of Their Use and the President's Power to Issue them)

This report describes the historical use of executive power, gives data showing the number of times executive power was used during a term, and lists executive orders repealed by Congress.
Date: June 26, 1963
Creator: Fennell, Margaret
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Negative Income Tax and other Welfare Proposals to Guarantee an Annual Income. (open access)

The Negative Income Tax and other Welfare Proposals to Guarantee an Annual Income.

This report describes the Negative Income Tax and other Welfare Proposals to Guarantee an Annual Income.
Date: June 19, 1967
Creator: Peel, Evelyn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Narcotic Addiction: Selected Bibliographic References (open access)

Narcotic Addiction: Selected Bibliographic References

This report provides a bibliography of resources related to narcotics addiction.
Date: June 11, 1970
Creator: Hogan, Harry L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Possible Legal Effects of the Proposed "Equal Rights" Amendment in the Area of Domestic Relations. (open access)

The Possible Legal Effects of the Proposed "Equal Rights" Amendment in the Area of Domestic Relations.

This report includes the Possible Legal Effects of the Proposed "Equal Rights" Amendment in the Area of Domestic Relations.
Date: June 5, 1970
Creator: Donaho, Elizabeth B. & Glass, Stuart E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Election Laws of the Fifty States and the District of Columbia, 1968. (open access)

Election Laws of the Fifty States and the District of Columbia, 1968.

This report briefly summarizes many of the provisions of the elections laws of the fifty states and the District of Columbia.
Date: June 5, 1968
Creator: Yadlosky, Elizabeth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Migratory Agricultural Labor: References to Books, Periodicals, and Films, 1959-1969 (open access)

Migratory Agricultural Labor: References to Books, Periodicals, and Films, 1959-1969

This report and bibliography contains references to books, documentaries, and magazine articles that study migrant workers. It also contains information on specific issues that affect migratory agricultural workers, such as the Bracero program, the California grape strike, education, health, housing, and welfare, income, and more.
Date: June 23, 1969
Creator: Warnell, Katherine S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library