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795
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Degree Department
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Optimization and control of the plasma shape and current profile in noncircular cross-section tokamaks
High-..beta.. equilibria which are stable to all ideal MHD modes are found by optimizing the plasma shape and current profile for doublets, up-down asymmetric dees, and symmetric dees. The ideal MHD stability of these equilibria for low toroidal mode number n is analyzed with a global MHD stability code, GATO. The stability to high-n modes is analyzed with a localized ballooning code, BLOON. The attainment of high ..beta.. is facilitated by an automated optimization search on shape and current parameters. The equilibria are calculated with a free-boundary equilibrium code using coils appropriate for the Doublet III experimental device. The optimal equilibria are characterized by broad current profiles with values of ..beta../sub poloidal/ approx. =1. Experimental realization of the shapes and current profiles giving the highest ..beta.. limits is explored with a 1 1/2-D transport code, which simulates the time evolution of the 2-D MHD equilibrium while calculating consistent current profiles from a 1-D transport model. Transport simulations indicate that nearly optimal shapes may be obtained provided that the currents in the field-shaping coils are appropriately programmed and the plasma current profile is sufficiently broad. Obtaining broad current profiles is possible by current ramping, neutral beam heating, and electron cyclotron heating. …
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Moore, R. W.; Bernard, L. C.; Chan, V. S.; Davidson, R. H.; Dobrott, D. R.; Helton, F. J. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Phenolic resin syntactic foams
Syntactic foams were prepared from blends of six phenolic resins and carbon microbubbles. The compressive strength of the phenolic resin foams is equivalent to the strength of foams made from a polyimide resin. Ammonia evolved during the cure diffuses rapidly and is not bound by the foam.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
McIlroy, H. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Random choice method for calculating fluid displacement in a porous medium
Multiphase fluid displacement in a porous medium gives rise naturally to the occurrence of steep fronts, for example between different fluids or between regions of differing chemical concentrations. Such fronts pose substantial difficulty for most numerical methods. However, the recently developed random choice numerical method has been found capable of following effectively even perfectly sharp fronts. An application to the calculation of immiscible displacement in a petroleum reservoir is discussed, including the effects of capillary pressure and gravity. Previous work with W. Proskurowski has considered the limiting hyperbolic case of zero capillary pressure with gravity neglected. Numerical results of our current work for solving a model problem of two-phase displacement in two dimensions indicate that the effects of the additional possible interactions of shock and expansion waves permitted by the inclusion of gravity can be handled efficiently within the framework of the random choice method.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Albright, N.; Anderson, C. & Concus, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Task XVII. Review of the CS strategy document and make recommendations to the staff of CPP
Critiques are presented of the Conservation and Solar Office strategy papers on the building, public utility, transportation, and industrial sectors. (MCW)
Date:
June 30, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Multivariate statistical analysis of stream sediments for mineral resources from the Craig NTMS Quadrangle, Colorado
Multivariate statistical analyses were carried out on Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance data from the Craig quadrangle, Colorado, to support the National Uranium Resource Evaluation and to evaluate strategic or other important commercial mineral resources. A few areas for favorable uranium mineralization are suggested for parts of the Wyoming Basin, Park Range, and Gore Range. Six potential source rocks for uranium are postulated based on factor score mapping. Vanadium in stream sediments is suggested as a pathfinder for carnotite-type mineralization. A probable northwest trend of lead-zinc-copper mineralization associated with Tertiary intrusions is suggested. A few locations are mapped where copper is associated with cobalt. Concentrations of placer sands containing rare earth elements, probably of commercial value, are indicated for parts of the Sand Wash Basin.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Beyth, M.; McInteer, C.; Broxton, D. E.; Bolivar, S. L. & Luke, M. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conversion and improvement of the Rutherford Laboratory's magnetostatic computer code GFUN3D to the NMFECC CDC 7600
The implementation of a version of the Rutherford Laboratory's magnetostatic computer code GFUN3D on the CDC 7600 at the National Magnetic Fusion Energy Computer Center is reported. A new iteration technique that greatly increases the probability of convergence and reduces computation time by about 30% for calculations with nonlinear, ferromagnetic materials is included. The use of GFUN3D on the NMFE network is discussed, and suggestions for future work are presented. Appendix A consists of revisions to the GFUN3D User Guide (published by Rutherford Laboratory( that are necessary to use this version. Appendix B contains input and output for some sample calculations. Appendix C is a detailed discussion of the old and new iteration techniques.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Tucker, T.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Indirect liquefaction of coal. [Coal gasification plus Fischer-Tropsch, methanol or Mobil M-gasoline process]
The most important potential environmental problems uniquely associated with indirect liquefaction appear to be related to the protection of occupational personnel from the toxic and carcinogenic properties of process and waste stream constituents, the potential public health risks from process products, by-products and emissions and the management of potentially hazardous solid wastes. The seriousness of these potential problems is related partially to the severity of potential effects (i.e., human mortality and morbidity), but even more to the uncertainty regarding: (1) the probable chemical characteristics and quantities of process and waste streams; and (2) the effectiveness and efficiencies of control technologies not yet tested on a commercial scale. Based upon current information, it is highly improbable that these potential problems will actually be manifested or pose serious constraints to the development of indirect liquefaction technologies, although their potential severity warrants continued research and evaluation. The siting of indirect liquefaction facilities may be significantly affected by existing federal, state and local regulatory requirements. The possibility of future changes in environmental regulations also represents an area of uncertainty that may develop into constraints for the deployment of indirect liquefaction processes. Out of 20 environmental issues identified as likely candidates for future regulatory action, …
Date:
June 30, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Waste Isolation Safety Assessment Program. Task 4. Third Contractor Information Meeting. [Adsorption-desorption on geological media]
The study subject of this meeting was the adsorption and desorption of radionuclides on geologic media under repository conditions. This volume contans eight papers. Separate abstracts were prepared for all eight papers. (DLC)
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Industrial applications of computed tomography at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
A research and development program was begun two years ago at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) to study nonmedical applications of computed tomography. This program had several goals. The first goal was to develop the necessary reconstruction algorithms to accurately reconstruct cross sections of nonmedical industrial objects. The second goal was to be able to perform extensive tomographic simulations to determine the efficacy of tomographic reconstruction with a variety of hardware configurations. The final goal was to construct an inexpensive industrial prototype scanner with a high degree of design flexibility. The implementation of these program goals is described.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Kruger, R.P.; Morris, R.A.; Wecksung, G.W.; Wonn, G. & London, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Charmonium studies with the crystal ball
The Crystal Ball detector at SPEAR is used to analyze the decays psi' ..-->.. ..gamma gamma..psi and psi' ..-->.. ..gamma..chi,chi ..-->.. ..gamma gamma... Values are obtained for the branching ratios of psi' ..-->.. eta/..mu../sup 0/psi and psi' ..-->.. ..gamma..chi,chi ..-->.. ..gamma..psi. No evidence is found for a 2/sup 1/S/sub 0/(eta'c) state in the mass range 3129 ..-->.. 3644 MeV/c/sup 2/. Analysis of the angular distributions in the cascade chi decays yields spin and multipole assignments for the chi(3.51) and chi(3.55).
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Oreglia, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Research, development, and demonstration of lead-acid batteries for electric vehicle propulsion. Annual report, 1979
The initial phase of work comprises three factorial experiments to evaluate a variety of component combinations. Goals to be met by these batteries include the following: capacity at 3 h discharge, 20 to 30 kWh; specific energy, 40 Wh/kg; specific power, 1000 W/kg for 15 s; cycle life, 800 cycles to 80% depth; price, $50/kWh. The status of the factorial experiments is reviewed. The second phase of work, design of an advanced battery, has the following goals: 30 to 40 kWh; 60 Wh/kg; 150 W/kg for 15 s; 1000 cycles to 80% depth; $40/kWh. It is not yet possible to say whether these goals can be met. Numerous approaches are under study to increase the utilization of battery chemicals. A battery design with no live electrical connection above the battery is being developed. 52 figures, 52 tables. (RWR)
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Systems engineering programs for geologic nuclear waste disposal
The design sequence and system programs presented begin with general approximate solutions that permit inexpensive analysis of a multitude of possible wastes, disposal media, and disposal process properties and configurations. It then continues through progressively more precise solutions as parts of the design become fixed, and ends with repository and waste form optimization studies. The programs cover both solid and gaseous waste forms. The analytical development, a program listing, a users guide, and examples are presented for each program. Sensitivity studies showing the effects of disposal media and waste form thermophysical properties and repository layouts are presented as examples.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Klett, R. D.; Hertel, E. S., Jr. & Ellis, M. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hybrid microcircuit via development. Final report
Manufacturing processes were developed for making holes in alumina substrates, metallizing substrates on both sides and through the holes (vias), dry film photolithographing 6-..mu..m-thick gold to 127-..mu..m line widths and spacings, determining via quality, and protecting vias during HMC assembly processes. The few problems encountered were solved, and via technology is now established as a reliable and repeatable production technology for hybrid microcircuits. Via resistance on product HMCs usually measures from 4 to 6 m..cap omega.. which is well below the 10 m..cap omega.. maximum limit.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Norwood, D.P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of solar options for small power systems applications. Volume II. Identification and characterization of concepts for analysis
The primary purpose of this study is to provide DOE with an independent, objective assessment of the principal solar thermal conversion concepts that have the potential for achieving commercial success as small electric power sytems in the 1- to 10-MWe range. Seven generic types of collectors, together with associated subsystems for electric power generation, were considered in this study. The collectors can be classified into three categories: (1) two-axis tracking (with compound curvature reflecting surfaces); (2) one-axis tracking (with single-curvature reflecting surfaces); and (3) nontracking (with low-concentration reflecting surfaces). These collectors can be combined with energy transport, energy storage, and power conversion subsystems in a wide variety of ways to formulate conceptual systems for electric power generation. In this study, attention was restricted to configurations that are potentially suitable for development as small power systems (1 to 10 MWe) in the long term (1990 to 2000), with initial commercialization by the mid-1980s. Cogeneration and total energy systems were beyond the scope of this study. All seven types of collectors were analyzed in conceptual system configurations with Rankine-cycle engines. Because they can operate at particularly high concentration ratios, two of the collectors (the Point Focus Central Receiver and the Point Focus …
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Laity, W.W.; Aase, D.T.; Apley, W.J.; Bird, S.P.; Drost, M.K. & Williams, T.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Preliminary operational results of the low-temperature solar industrial process heat field tests
Six solar industrial process heat field tests have been in operation for a year or more - three are hot water systems and three are hot air systems. All are low-temperature projects (process heat at temperatures below 212/sup 0/F). Performance results gathered by each contractor's data acquisition system are presented and project costs and problems encountered are summarized. Flat-plate, evacuated-tube, and line-focus collectors are all represented in the program, with collector array areas ranging from 2500 to 21,000 ft/sup 2/. Collector array efficiencies ranged from 12% to 36% with net system efficiencies from 8% to 33%. Low efficiencies are attributable in some cases to high thermal losses and, for the two projects using air collectors, are due in part to high parasitic power consumption. Problems have included industrial effluents on collectors, glazing and absorber surface failures, excessive thermal losses, freezing and overheating, control problems, and data acquisition system failure. With design and data acquisition costs excluded costs of the projects ranged from $25/ft/sup 2/ to $87/ft/sup 2/ and $499/(MBtu/yr) to $1537/(MBtu/yr).
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Kutscher, C. F. & Davenport, R. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Test methods for the dynamic mechanical properties of polymeric materials. Final report
Various test geometries and procedures for the dynamic mechanical analysis of polymers employing a mechanical spectrometer have been evaluated. The methods and materials included in this work are forced torsional pendulum testing of Kevlar/epoxy laminates and rigid urethane foams, oscillatory parallel plate testing to determine the kinetics of the cure of VCE with Hylene MP, oscillatory compressive testing of B-3223 cellular silicone, and oscillatory tensile testing of Silastic E and single Kevlar filaments. Fundamental dynamic mechanical properties, including the storage and loss moduli and loss tangent of the materials tested, were determined as a function of temperature and sometimes of frequency.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Baker, G.K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computer control and data management in an LSI fabrication facility
A minicomputer system is used to control diffusion furnaces, monitor temperatures, provide operator instructions for each processing step, and record detailed process histories for wafer lots fabricated in the Sandia Semiconductor Development Laboratory. The system provides a complete data base for laboratory operations, a variety of displays describing equipment status, scheduling and utilization summaries for equipment, wafer and mask inventories, and laboratory management information. The wafer lot history includes a record indicating the operator, time, date, and specification recipe for each process step, special notes summarizing process deviations, results of inspection steps, and in-line capacitance, oxide thickness, or resistivity measurements.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Doyal, L. A.; Weaver, D. L. & Gwyn, C. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reconnaissance geologic map of the northern Kawich and southern Reveille ranges, Nye County, Nevada
A geological survey was performed in Nye County, Nevada. Results of that survey are summarized in the maps included. The general geology of the area is discussed. Major structures are described. The economics resulting from the mineral exploitation in the area are discussed. The hydrogeology and water chemistry of the area are also discussed.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Gardner, J.N.; Eddy, A.C.; Goff, F.E. & Grafft, K.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technology, safety and costs of decommissioning a reference boiling water reactor power station. Appendices. Volume 2
Appendices are presented concerning the evaluations of decommissioning financing alternatives; reference site description; reference BWR facility description; radiation dose rate and concrete surface contamination data; radionuclide inventories; public radiation dose models and calculated maximum annual doses; decommissioning methods; generic decommissioning information; immediate dismantlement details; passive safe storage, continuing care, and deferred dismantlement details; entombment details; demolition and site restoration details; cost estimating bases; public radiological safety assessment details; and details of alternate study bases.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Oak, H. D.; Holter, G. M.; Kennedy, W. E. Jr. & Konzek, G. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Calculation of the response of cylindrical targets to collimated beams of particles using one-dimensional adjoint transport techniques. [LMFBR]
The use of adjoint techniques to determine the interaction of externally incident collimated beams of particles with cylindrical targets is a convenient means of examining a class of problems important in radiation transport studies. The theory relevant to such applications is derived, and a simple example involving a fissioning target is discussed. Results from both discrete ordinates and Monte Carlo transport-code calculations are presented, and comparisons are made with results obtained from forward calculations. The accuracy of the discrete ordinates adjoint results depends on the order of angular quadrature used in the calculation. Reasonable accuracy by using EQN quadratures can be expected from order S/sub 16/ or higher.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Dupree, S. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Vertebrate behavior and ecology. Progress report, July 1, 1977-May 31, 1980
Engineering design and development concentrated on five aspects during the past year: (1) development of high power output transmitters for monitoring animals from greater distances; (2) improvement and updating of a sonic transmitting and receiving system for monitoring fish and marine mammals; (3) design and testing of corrosive links which permit a transmitter to release from an animal at a specified time; (4) development of high frequency transmitters; and (5) development and testing of time delay transmitters. Field efforts resulted in further information on activity patterns and movements of sea otters in California and Alaska and of walleye pike in experimental channels. Three manuscripts and two theses presented as part of this report describe these aspects in detail.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Tester, J R & Siniff, D B
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Process feasibility study in support of silicon material Task I. Quarterly technical progress report (XIX), March 1-May 31, 1980
Analyses of process system properties were continued for chemical materials important in the production of silicon. Major physical, thermodynamic and transport property data are reported for silicon including critical constants, vapor pressure, heat of vaporization, heat of sublimation, heat capacity, density, surface tension, viscosity and thermal conductivity. The property data covers both liquid and solid phases and are reported as a function of temperature for rapid engineering usage. Major efforts in chemical engineering analysis centered on the HSC process (Hemlock Semiconductor Corporation). The approach for the process involves performing initial analysis for DCS production (dichlorosilane) and then perorming analysis of polysilicon production from the DCS. For the DCS production, status and progress are reported for primary activities of base case conditions (65%), reaction chemistry (65%), process flowsheet (60%), material balance (50%) and energy balance (40%). Two key features - redistribution reactor relocation and final distillation - are introduced to increase yield of DCS by about 10 to 20%, help insure purity and reduce potential dust (fine particle nucleation) components in the polysilicon feed material. The preliminary flowsheet for DCS production was forwarded to Hemlock Semiconductor Corporation for initial screening and review. Hemlock Semiconductor is in agreement in regards to relocation …
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Yaws, C.L. & Li, K.Y.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Carrier facilitated transport through membranes
Facilitated transport is a process whereby the diffusion of a solute across a membrane is chemically enhanced. In this report an analysis is given of a facilitated transport system involving a volatile species A which reacts with a nonvolatile carrier species B to form the nonvolatile product AB. The species A is transported across the membrane by ordinary diffusion, as well as by the diffusion of the product AB. It is assumed that the reaction rates are large, so the reactions are confined mostly to thin boundary layers near the surfaces of the membrane. The method of matched asymptotic expansions is used to derive the asymptotic solution of the nonlinear boundary value problem governing equilibrium. The effect of various parameters on the facilitation factor is analyzed in detail.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Kaper, H.G.; Leaf, G.K. & Matkowsky, B.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thin film polycrystalline silicon solar cells. Quarterly technical progress report No. 2, 1 January 1980-31 March 1980
During this second quarter of the program, data on the effects of trace amounts (ppM level) of oxygen on the MoSi/sub 2/ substrate separation layer have been refined. Analysis of the composit substrate process has indicated that its complexity and expense are too great for practical development; as a result of this, and continued success with Mo substrates, efforts on composite substrates have been discontinued. By extensive operation of the semicontinuous plasma deposition system, operational characteristics have been further defined, permitting requirements for designing a truly continuous microcrystalline silicon film deposition system to be determined. Gas chromatography has been used to characterize the silicon deposition process using the silicon bearing gases SiCl/sub 4/, SiHCl/sub 3/, and SiH/sub 2/Cl/sub 2/; in all cases, deposition efficiency was found to be higher when using plasma than with conventional CVD. Solar cell fabrication and evaluation efforts have indicated that silicon films separated from Molybdenum substrates can yield cells up to 12.8% efficiency under AM1 illumination, and with average efficiencies above 11%.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Sarma, K R; Rice, M J; Legge, R & Ellis, R J
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library