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3,393 Matching Results
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Experiments and prospects for induction linac drivers
In the last three years, the US program in Heavy Ion Fusion has concentrated on understanding the induction linac approach to a power-plant driver. In this method it is important that the beam current be maximized throughout the accelerator. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the space-charge limit in the AG transport system in the linac and, also, to achieve current amplification during acceleration to keep pace with the kinematical increase of this limit with energy. Experimental results on both these matters and also on the use of multiple beams (inside the same accelerating structure) will be described. A new examination of the most attractive properties of the induction linac for a fusion driver has clearly pointed to the advantage of using heavy ions with a charge-state greater than unity - perhaps q = 3 may be an optimum. This development places even greater importance on understanding space-charge limits and mechanisms for emittance growth; also, it will require a new emphasis on the development of a suitable ion source.
Date:
May 1, 1986
Creator:
D., Keefe
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
End of life fission product distributions in F-1 experiment fuel rods
Fission product migration and end-of-life distributions were examined in the F-1 (X094) series of sealed, mixed-oxide fuel rods irradiated in the fast flux of EBR-II. Cesium, rubidium, iodine, and strontium data obtained from axial gamma scanning, mass spectrometry, and radiochemical analyses are presented. The results show significant migration of cesium, probably as both a volatile species and as the noble gas precursor. Cesium metal species leaving the fuel region accumulate predominately at the fuel-blanket interface. Volatile cesium reaching the fission product traps is readily sorbed by the charcoal.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Goodin, D. T.; Langer, S. & Bell, W. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High temperature electronics and instrumentation seminar proceedings
This seminar was tailored to address the needs of the borehole logging industry and to stimulate the development and application of this technology, for logging geothermal, hot oil and gas, and steam injection wells. The technical sessions covered the following topics: hybrid circuits, electronic devices, transducers, cables and connectors, materials, mechanical tools and thermal protection. Thirty-eight papers are included. Separate entries were prepared for each one. (MHR)
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Veneruso, A.F.; Arnold, C. & Simpson, R.S. (eds.)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
US GCFR demonstration plant design
A general description of the US GCFR demonstration plant conceptual design is given to provide a context for more detailed papers to follow. The parameters selected for use in the design are presented and the basis for parameter selection is discussed. Nuclear steam supply system (NSSS) and balance of plant (BOP) component arrangements and systems are briefly discussed.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Hunt, P. S. & Snyder, H. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sandia National Laboratories 8. 8 metre (29-foot) and 10. 7-metre (35-foot) centrifuge facilities
This report outlines the capabilities and limitations of the two centrifuges and gives other details which must be considered in preparing test specifications and designing fixtures, gives the theory and terminology of centrifuge testing, and describes the layout, operating principles, support functions, and reference material for each facility.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Adams, P.H.; Ault, R.L. & Fulton, D.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mechanisms for radiation damage in DNA. Progress report, January 1, 1982-December 31, 1982
In this project several mechanisms are proposed for radiation damage to DNA constituents and DNA, and a series of experiments utilizing electron spin resonance spectrometry to test the proposed mechanisms have been detailed. In the past studies have concentrated chiefly on the direct effect of radiation on DNA. We are currently investigating irradiated systems of DNA constituents which may shed light on indirect effects. In addition, studies of radiation effects on lipids have been undertaken which will shed light on the only other proposed site for cell kill, the membrane. Studies which we have completed during this year are: (1) ESR Study of Radicals Produced by One Electron Loss from 6-Azauracil, 6-Azathymine and 6-Azacytosine: Evidence for Both sigma and ..pi..-Radicals; (2) Hydrogen Abstraction Reactions by Amide Electron Adducts: A Comparison to Acid, Ester, Aldehyde and Ketone Electron Adducts. Studies which we have made progress on are: (3) An ESR and INDO Study of the ..pi..-Cations of 5-Hydroxymethyl-uracil and 5-Hydroxymethyl-cytosine: Evidence for Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding; (4) Studies of the ..pi..-Cations of 5-Halouracils and 5-Halocytosines; (5) Studies of Radiation Damage to Lipids.
Date:
May 1, 1982
Creator:
Sevilla, M. D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SESAME equation of state No. 7530, basalt
A full-range equation of state (EOS) for dry, nonporous basalt with a grain density of 2.868 gcm/sup 3/ has been constructed and placed on the SESAME library as material number 7530.
Date:
May 1, 1988
Creator:
Barnes, J.F. & Lyon, S.P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Laboratory work in support of West Valley glass development
Over the past six years, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has conducted several studies in support of waste glass composition development and testing of glass compositions suitable for immobilizing the nuclear wastes stored at West Valley, New York. As a result of pilot-scale testing conducted by PNL, the glass composition was changed from that originally recommended in response to changes in the waste stream, and several processing-related problems were discovered. These problems were solved, or sufficiently addressed to determine their likely effect on the glass melting operations to be conducted at West Valley. This report describes the development of the waste glass composition, WV-205, and discusses solutions to processing problems such as foaming and insoluble sludges, as well as other issues such as effects of feed variations on processing of the resulting glass. An evaluation of the WV-205 glass from a repository perspective is included in the appendix to this report.
Date:
May 1, 1988
Creator:
Bunnell, L.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mathematical Model for Predicting the Probability of Acute Mortality in a Human Population Exposed to Accidentally Released Airborne Radionuclides. Final Report for Phase I
A mathematical model was constructed for the purpose of predicting the fraction of human population which would die within 1 year of an accidental exposure to airborne radionuclides. The model is based on data from laboratory experiments with rats, dogs and baboons, and from human epidemiological data. Doses from external, whole-body irradiation and from inhaled, alpha- and beta-emitting radionuclides are calculated for several organs. The probabilities of death from radiation pneumonitis and from bone marrow irradiation are predicted from doses accumulated within 30 days of exposure to the radioactive aerosol. The model is compared with existing similar models under hypothetical exposure conditions. Suggestions for further experiments with inhaled radionuclides are included. 25 refs., 16 figs., 13 tabs.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Filipy, R. E.; Borst, F. J.; Cross, F. T.; Park, J. F.; Moss, O. R.; Roswell, R. L. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fundamental economic issues in the development of small scale hydro
Some basic economic issues involved in the development of small-scale hydroelectric power are addressed. The discussion represents an economist's view of the investment process in this resource. Very little investment has been made in small-scale hydro development and an attempt is made to show that the reason for this may not be that the expected present worth of the returns of the project do not exceed the construction cost by a sufficient amount. Rather, a set of factors in combination impose costs on the project not normally incurred in small businesses. The discussion covers costs, supply, demand, and profitability.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Spin forming development
Bendix product applications require the capability of fabricating heavy gage, high strength materials. Five commercial sources have been identified that have the capability of spin forming metal thicknesses greater than 9.5 mm and four equiment manufacturers produce machines with this capability. Twelve assemblies selected as candidates for spin forming applications require spin forming of titanium, 250 maraging steel, 17-4 pH stainless steel, Nitronic 40 steel, 304 L stainless steel, and 6061 aluminum. Twelve parts have been cold spin formed from a 250 maraging steel 8.1 mm wall thickness machine preform, and six have been hot spin formed directly from 31.8-mm-thick flat plate. Thirty-three Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy parts and 26 17-4 pH stainless steel parts have been hot spin formed directly from 31.8-mm-thick plate. Hot spin forming directly from plate has demonstrated the feasibility and favorable economics of this fabrication technique for Bendix applications.
Date:
May 1, 1982
Creator:
Gates, W.G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design and analysis of PCRV core cavity closure
Design requirements and considerations for a core cavity closure which led to the choice of a concrete closure with a toggle hold-down as the design for the Gas-Cooled Fast Breeder Reactor (GCFR) plant are discussed. A procedure for preliminary stress analysis of the closure by means of a three-dimensional finite element method is described. A limited parametric study using this procedure indicates the adequacy of the present closure design and the significance of radial compression developed as a result of inclined support reaction.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Lee, T.T.; Schwartz, A.A. & Koopman, D.C.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of carbonaceous materials using extraction with supercritical pentane
The use of carbonaceous adsorbents is limited by irreversible adsorption of some compounds so the use of supercritical pentane as an extracting solvent was examined. Carbon black appeared to be broken down slowly, but continuously, by the penane. To see if other types of carbon behaved similarly, high purity graphite, technical grade graphites, active carbons, and charcoals were examined. The extracts were characterized by uv spectroscopy, packed column chromatography using flame ionization and flame photometric detectors, and capillary GC/MS. The extracts were characteristic for each class of carbonaceous material. The high purity graphite yielded large, polycyclic aromatic compounds; the technical grade graphites yielded alkanes and alkyl-substituted benzenes and naphthalenes; the active carbons yielded alkanes, dienes, and small amounts of alkyl-substituted benzenes; and the charcoals yielded almost entirely alkanes in small amounts.
Date:
May 30, 1980
Creator:
Fetzer, J.C.; Graham, J.A.; Arrendale, R.R.; Klee, M.S. & Rogers, L.B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Behavior of a plasma in a high-density gas-embedded Z-pinch configuration
The theoretical analysis of a high density Z-pinch (HDZP) begins with an examination of the steady state energy balance between ohmic heating and bremsstrahlung radiation losses for a plasma column in pressure equilibrium. The model is then expanded to include the time-varying internal energy and results in a quasi-equilibrium prescription for the load current through a constant radius plasma channel. This set of current waveforms is useful in the design of experimental systems. The behavior of a plasma for physically realizable conditions is first examined by allowing adiabatic changes in the column radius. A more complete model is then developed by incorporating inertial effects into the momentum equation, and the resultant global MHD computational model is compared with more sophisticated, and costly, one- and two-dimensional computer simulations. These comparisons demonstrate the advantages of the global MHD description over previously developed zero-dimensional models.
Date:
May 1, 1982
Creator:
Shlachter, J.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhanced durability and reactivity for zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent
AMAX Research Development Center (AMAX R D) has been investigating methods for enhancing the reactivity and durability of the zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent. Zinc ferrite sorbents are intended for use in desulfurization of hot coal gas in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) or molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) applications. For the present program, the reactivity of the sorbent may be defined as its sulfur sorption capacity at the breakthrough point and at saturation in a bench-scale, fixed-bed reactor. Durability may be defined as the ability of the sorbent to maintain important physical characteristics such As size, strength, and specific surface area during 10 cycles of sulfidation and oxidation.
Date:
May 18, 1987
Creator:
Jha, M. C.; Baltich, L. K. & Berggren, M. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geothermal Reservoir Well Stimulation Program: technology transfer
Each of the following types of well stimulation techniques are summarized and explained: hydraulic fracturing; thermal; mechanical, jetting, and drainhole drilling; explosive and implosive; and injection methods. Current stimulation techniques, stimulation techniques for geothermal wells, areas of needed investigation, and engineering calculations for various techniques. (MHR)
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Control of indoor radon and radon progeny concentrations
There are three general categories of techniques for the control of radon and radon progeny concentrations in indoor air - restriction of radon entry, reduction of indoor radon concentrations by ventilation or air cleaning, and removal of airborne radon progeny. The predominant radon entry process in most residences appears to be pressure driven flow of soil gas through cracks or other openings in the basement, slab, or subfloor. Sealing these openings or ventilation of the subslab or subfloor space are methods of reducing radon entry rates. Indoor radon concentrations may be reduced by increased ventilation. The use of charcoal filters for removal of radon gas in the indoor air by adsorption has also been proposed. Concentrations of radon progeny, which are responsible for most of the health risks associated with radon exposures, can be controlled by use of electrostatic or mechanical filtration. Air circulation can also reduce radon progeny concentrations in certain cases. This paper reviews the application and limitations of each of these control measures and discusses recent experimental results.
Date:
May 1, 1985
Creator:
Sextro, R.G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhanced durability and reactivity for zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent
AMAX Research Development Center (AMAX R D) has been investigating methods for enhancing the reactivity and durability of the zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent. Zinc ferrite sorbents are intended for use in desulfurization of hot coal gas in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) or molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) applications. For the present program, the reactivity of the sorbent may be defined as its sulfur sorption capacity at the breakthrough point and at saturation in a bench-scale, fixed-bed reactor. Durability may be defined as the ability of the sorbent to maintain important physical characteristics such As size, strength, and specific surface area during 10 cycles of sulfidation and oxidation.
Date:
May 2, 1989
Creator:
Jha, M. C. & Berggren, M. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Inherent design features of the GCFR
This paper discusses several inherent design features of the GCFR that enhance its safety and presents analyses to demonstrate the degree of protection they provide. These features are a subset of a larger group of potential inherent features that form the third line of protection (LOP-3) for the GCFR. The function of LOP-3 is to demonstrate that the inherent response of the reactor system will limit core damage even if active cooling and shutdown systems in LOP-1 and LOP-2 fail. By providing this function with inherent features, which do not depend on active components and are self-controlling, an additional level of protection against common cause failure mechanisms is provided for both protected and unprotected events. The examples of LOP-3 discussed in this paper are natural circulation core cooling to the ultimate atmospheric heat sink and inherent reactor shutdown mechanisms.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Medwid, W.; Breher, W.; Shenoy, A. & Elliott, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Identification of magnetic dipole lines above 2000 A in several Mo and Zr ions on the PLT tokamak
A number of spectrum lines arising from magnetic dipole transitions in the n = 3 shell ground configurations of molybdenum and zirconium ions have been identified. These lines are particularly suitable for spectroscopic diagnostics in tokamak-type plasmas in the 500 to 1500 eV temperature range.
Date:
May 1, 1982
Creator:
Suckewer, S.; Hinnov, E.; Cohen, S.; Finkenthal, M. & Sato, K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Axicell MFTF-B superconducting-magnet system
The Axicell MFTF-B magnet system will provide the field environment necessary for tandem mirror plasma physics investigation with thermal barriers. The performance of the device will stimulate DT to achieve energy break-even plasma conditions. Operation will be with deuterium only. There will be 24 superconducting coils consisting of 2 sets of yin-yang pairs, 14 central-cell solenoids, 2 sets of axicell mirror-coil pairs, and 2 transition coils between the axicell mirror coil-pairs and the yin-yang coils. This paper describes the progress in the design and construction of MFTF-B Superconducting-Magnet System.
Date:
May 5, 1982
Creator:
Wang, S. T.; Bulmer, R.; Hanson, C.; Hinkle, R.; Kozman, T.; Shimer, D. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Economic measurement of environment damages
The densities, energy consumption, and economic development of the increasing population exacerbate environmental degradation. Air and water pollution is a major environmental problem affecting life and health, outdoor recreation, household soiling, vegetation, materials, and production. The literature review indicated that numerous studies have assessed the physical and monetary damage to populations at risk from excessive concentrations of major air and water pollutants-sulfur dioxide, total suspended particulate matter, oxidants, and carbon monoxide in air; and nutrients, oil, pesticides, and toxic metals and others in water. The measurement of the damages was one of the most controversial issues in pollution abatement. The methods that have been used to estimate the societal value of pollution abatement are: (1) chain of effects, (2) market approaches, and (3) surveys. National gross damages of air pollution of $20.2 billion and of water pollution of $11.1 billion for 1973 are substantial. These best estimates, updated for the economic and demographic conditions, could provide acceptable control totals for estimating and predicting benefits and costs of abating air and water pollution emissions. The major issues to be resolved are: (1) lack of available noneconomic data, (2) theoretical and empirical difficulties of placing a value on human life and health …
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Krawiec, F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optical components for the Nova laser
In addition to its other characteristics, the Nova Laser Fusion facility may well be the largest precision optical project ever undertaken. Moreover, during the course of construction, concurrent research and development has been successfully conducted, and has resulted in significant advances in various technical areas, including manufacturing efficiency. Although assembly of the first two beams of Nova is just commencing, the optical production, including construction of the special facilities required for many of the components, has been underway for over three years, and many phases of the optical manufacturing program for the first 10 beams will be completed within the next two years. On the other hand, new requirements for second and third harmonic generation have created the need to initiate new research and development. This work has been accomplished through the enormous cooperation DOE/LLNL has received from commercial industry on this project. In many cases, industry, where much of the optical component research and development and virtually all of the manufacturing is being done, has made substantial investment of its own funds in facilities, equipment, and research and development, in addition to those supplied by DOE/LLNL.
Date:
May 17, 1982
Creator:
Wallerstein, E.P.; Baker, P.C. & Brown, N.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electromagnetic (EM-60) survey in the Panther Canyon Area, Grass Valley, Nevada
Eight frequency domain electromagnetic soundings were measured over the Panther Canyon thermal anomaly in Grass Valley, Nevada. The data were collected with Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's large moment horizontal loop system (EM-60). At the transmitter site located near the center of the thermal anomaly, square wave currents of up to 70 A were impressed into a fourturn 50 m radius coil at frequencies from 0.033 to 500 Hz. At the eight receiver sites, 0.5 to 1.5 km from the loop, magnetic fields were detected with a three-component SQUID magnetometer and vertical and radial magnetic field spectra were calculated. Data were interpreted with a computer program which fit filled spectra and associated ellipse polarization data to one-dimensional resistivity models and results were compared to interpretations from earlier dipole-dipole resistivity measurements. Comparison of these interpretations indicates fairly close agreement between the two, with both models clearly indicating the presence and dimensions of the conductivity anomaly associated with the thermal zone. Although the dc data was better able to resolve the high resistivity bedrock, the EM-data were able to resolve all major features without distortion at shorter transmitter receiver separations and in about one-third of the field time.
Date:
May 1, 1980
Creator:
Wilt, M.; Goldstein, N.; Stark, M. & Haught, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library