This booklet is the fourth chapter of a training course developed for Air Force Reserve personnel about the challenges posed by the Cold War. This chapter discusses several countries in South Asia and includes background information, analysis, review questions, and a list of readings for further study.

The main objective of this research is to test some of the hypotheses linking economic development, social mobilization, legitimacy, and the coerciveness of the regime with internal political conflict. Each proposed hypothesis is to be tested across sixteen predominantly Islamic Middle Eastern nations for data from two time periods, 1960-66 and 1967-73. To check for the consistency and strength of the hypothesized relationships the test results for each hypothesis for the first period data will be compared with those of the second period.

Photograph of Congressman Charles Wilson eating with Pakistanis during the filming of a CBS 60 Minutes episode. Pakistan, May or June 1988.

Photograph of Congressman Charles Wilson drinking with Pakistanis in Pakistan. This image was taken during the filming of a CBS 60 Minutes episode. May or June 1988.

Photograph of Congressman Charles Wilson laughing during an interview with Harry Reasoner of "60 minutes" while in Pakistan in May or June of 1988.

Photograph of Harry Reasoner interviewing Congressman Charles Wilson for a CBS 60 Minutes television program, in Pakistan in May or June 1988. The signs "Little Ben" and "Big Ben" are in the background.

In October 2002, the United States confronted North Korea about its alleged clandestine uranium enrichment program. Soon after, the Agreed Framework collapsed, North Korea expelled international inspectors, and withdrew from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT). U.S. intelligence officials claimed Pakistan was a key supplier of uranium enrichment technology to North Korea, and some media reports suggested that Pakistan had exchanged centrifuge enrichment technology for North Korean help in developing longer range missiles.

In calling for a clear, strong, and long-term commitment to the military-dominated government of Pakistan despite serious concerns about that country’s nuclear proliferation activities, The 9/11 Commission cast into sharp relief two longstanding dilemmas concerning U.S. policy towards Pakistan and South Asia. First, in an often strained security relationship spanning more than five decades, U.S. and Pakistani national security objectives have seldom been congruent. Pakistan has viewed the alliance primarily in the context of its rivalry with India, whereas American policymakers have viewed it from the perspective of U.S. global security interests.

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This report summarizes important recent developments in Pakistan and in Pakistan-U.S. relations. These include high-profile political assassinations in early 2011; the Raymond Davis affair involving a CIA operative accused of murder in the city of Lahore; and the May killing of Osama bin Laden in the city of Abbottabad, among others. The report also summarizes key issues in the bilateral relationship.

This report discusses the White House's request for supplemental appropriations that include funding for defense, foreign affairs, and domestic fire fighting. The report details the different programs and areas that the appropriations would fund, including operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, preparedness and emergency management measures relating to the swine flu outbreak, border security between the United States and Mexico, benchmark assessment in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and other general defense operations.

Recording of Namak Alam reciting "Shuwa wau," in the Yasin dialect. This is a popular story that shows the importance of good morals in life.

Recording of Badshahi Khan, a farmer, reciting "King Zulqarneen," in the Yasin dialect. This is a popular story that followed Islam to the area, and the King represents a barrier from the apocalypse.

Recording of Safdar Jan reciting "A Poet's Life," a poem in the Yasin dialect of Burushaski.

Recording of Gul Nasreen and Farida Bibi discussing mixed riddles in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski.

Transcription, translation and linguistic analysis of Gul Nasreen reciting "Limpi Kisar," a popular story in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski. In this popular story Limpi Kisar was married to a woman, and she was stolen on their wedding day by an ogre. He travels up mountains to get his wife back. Transcription done in Burushaski with translations and analysis in English.

Recording of Pari Nimo reciting a historical narrative through a poem in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski.

Recording of Gul Nasreen reciting "Limpi Kisar," a popular story in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski. In this popular story Limpi Kisar was married to a woman, and she was stolen on their wedding day by an ogre. He travels up mountains to get his wife back.

Transcription of Gul Nasreen reciting "Limpi Kisar," a popular story in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski. In this popular story Limpi Kisar was married to a woman, and she was stolen on their wedding day by an ogre. He travels up mountains to get his wife back. Transcription done in Burushaski with translations in English.

Recording of Gul Nasreen discussing “The Song of Barguun” in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski. The is the story of a mother and baby ibex.

A recording of Laila Khan reciting the story “Shari Bano from Fairyland,” in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski. In this popular story, a prince is born the seventh son. He finds a set of beautiful dressed one day on a clothesline, and decides to wait for the wearers to return, and see their beauty. The owners are actually fairies whom he follows, but they scorn him for his human ugliness.

Transcription of the recording of Laila Khan, a Hunza Burushaski speaker, reciting the story of "Shari Shaskulum Shari bano" ('Shari Bano of Fairyland'), a popular story, with translations in English.

Recording of Laila Khanum discussing the names of the months in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski.

A recording of Pari Nimo reciting a Historical narrative and poem about the Misgar valley in the Hunza dialect. “Misgar Valley” explains a little bit about who came to Misgar from Baltit.